CORRELAÇÃO ENTRE O SONO E A MICROBIOTA INTESTINAL: IMPACTO NA SAÚDE

Goal: the review aims to gather scientific evidence regarding the correlation between sleep and intestinal microbiota and pointing out how a state of imbalance between these two factors may be capable of impacting human health. Method: The development of this review was carried out using research articles present in the Google Scholar Pubmed, Embase, Lilacs and Cochrane Library databases, between the years 2012 and 2022, with the assistance of Descriptors in Sciences and Health (Decs). Results: 9 articles that met all inclusion criteria were found. These address evidence from the last ten years regarding the link between sleep quality and the human intestinal microbiota, bringing to light a subject of interest for health. Therefore, this discovery may be important for understanding how dysbiosis affects the organism. Final Consideration: The selected literature points to the existence of a link between sleep and the intestinal microbiota, in addition to indicating that dysbiosis is a protagonist in the emergence of several chronic non-communicable diseases (CNCD), neurological and psychiatric.Objetivo: a presente revisão objetiva reunir evidências científicas a respeito da correlação entre sono e microbiota intestinal e apontar como um estado de desequilíbrio entre estes dois fatores pode ser capaz de impactar na saúde humana. Método: para construção desta revisão foram utilizados artigos de pesquisa presentes nas bases de dados Google Scholar, Pubmed, Embase, Lilacs e Cochrane Library, entre os anos de 2012 a 2022, utilizando os Descritores em Ciências e Saúde (Decs). Resultados: foram selecionados 9 artigos que correspondiam a todos critérios de inclusão, abordando evidências dos últimos dez anos quanto a ligação existente entre a qualidade do sono e a microbiota intestinal humana, trazendo à tona um assunto de interesse para a saúde, dado que essa descoberta pode ser importante para entender como os quadros de disbiose afetam o organismo. Considerações Finais: a literatura selecionada aponta a existência de uma ligação entre o sono e a microbiota intestinal, além de indicar que a disbiose é protagonista no surgimento de diversas doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (DCnT), neurológicas e psiquiátricas

EDUCAÇÃO EM SAÚDE NA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA: RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA DE ALUNAS DA GRADUAÇÃO DE ENFERMAGEM

Objective: To highlight the experiences of five undergraduate nursing students in carrying out educational activities with the community. Method: Reflective descriptive report of an experience with health education activities developed from May to June 2022 in a Basic Health Unit in Uberlândia-MG, based on the pedagogical ideas of Paulo Freire. Results: Through Freire's proposal, two activities that contemplated relevant themes were elaborated. The first was carried out with pregnant women with more than 35 weeks of gestation, introduced games of myths and truths, illustrative cards and a representative simulation of the moment of delivery. The second dynamic involved a more diverse target audience, with children, adults and the elderly, on regionally highlighted respiratory diseases. Conclusion: The actions created by the group made it possible to promote health education according to the demands of the region's population, the development of activities provided the aggregation of knowledge to the population. Implications for practice: The proposals made allow the expansion of multidisciplinary interventions during the patient's stay in the health unit, even outside of routine consultations, considering the ability to develop health education from the first contact with the Care Network.Objetivo: Destacar las experiencias de cinco estudiantes de graduación en enfermería en la realización de actividades educativas con la comunidad. Método: relato descriptivo reflexivo de una experiencia con actividades de educación en salud desarrollada de mayo a junio de 2022 en una Unidad Básica de Salud de Uberlândia-MG, a partir de las ideas pedagógicas de Paulo Freire. Resultados: A través de la propuesta de Freire, fueron elaboradas dos actividades que contemplaron temas relevantes. El primero se realizó con gestantes de más de 35 semanas de gestación, introducido con juegos de mitos y verdades, fichas ilustrativas y una simulación representativa del momento del parto. La segunda dinámica involucró a un público objetivo más diverso, con niños, adultos y ancianos, sobre enfermedades respiratorias destacadas regionalmente. Conclusión: Las acciones creadas por el grupo permitieron promover la educación en salud de acuerdo con las demandas de la población de la región, el desarrollo de actividades proporcionó la agregación de conocimientos a la población. Implicaciones para la práctica: Las propuestas realizadas permiten la ampliación de intervenciones multidisciplinares durante la estancia del paciente en la unidad de salud, incluso fuera de las consultas de rutina, considerando la capacidad de desarrollar la educación en salud desde el primer contacto con la Red de Atención.Objetivo: Evidenciar as experiências de cinco alunas de graduação em enfermagem na realização de ações educativas com a comunidade. Método: Relato descritivo reflexivo  de uma experiência com atividades de educação em saúde desenvolvidas de maio a junho de 2022 em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde de Uberlândia-MG, fundamentadas nas ideias pedagógicas de Paulo Freire. Resultados: Por meio da proposta de Freire, duas atividades que contemplavam temas de relevância foram elaboradas. A primeira foi realizada com gestantes com mais de 35 semanas de gestação, introduzida com jogos de mitos e verdades, cartas ilustrativas e simulação representativa do momento do parto. A segunda dinâmica envolveu um público alvo mais diverso, com crianças, adultos e idosos, sobre doenças respiratórias em destaque regional. Conclusão: As ações criadas pelo grupo possibilitaram a promoção da educação em saúde conforme as demandas da população da região, o desenvolvimento das atividades propiciou a agregação de conhecimentos à população. Implicações para a prática: As propostas realizadas permitem a ampliação de intervenções multiprofissionais durante a permanência do paciente na unidade de saúde, mesmo fora das consultas de rotina, considerando a capacidade de desenvolver uma educação em saúde desde o primeiro contato com a Rede de Atenção.Objetivo: Destacar as experiências de cinco estudantes de graduação em enfermagem na realização de ações educativas com a comunidade. Método: Relato reflexivo descritivo de uma experiência com atividades de educação em saúde desenvolvidas no período de maio a junho de 2022 em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde de Uberlândia-MG, a partir das ideias pedagógicas de Paulo Freire. Resultados: Através da proposta de Freire, foram elaboradas duas atividades que contemplavam temas de relevância. A primeira foi realizada com gestantes com mais de 35 semanas de gestação, introduzida com jogos de mitos e verdades, cartas ilustrativas e simulação representativa do momento do parto. A segunda dinâmica envolveu um público-alvo mais diversificado, com crianças, adultos e idosos, sobre doenças respiratórias em destaque regional. Conclusão: As ações criadas pelo grupo possibilitaram a promoção da educação em saúde de acordo com as demandas da população da região, o desenvolvimento das atividades proporcionou a agregação de conhecimentos à população. Implicações para a prática: As propostas apresentadas permitem a ampliação das intervenções multiprofissionais durante a permanência do paciente na unidade de saúde, mesmo fora das consultas de rotina, considerando a capacidade de desenvolver a educação em saúde desde o primeiro contato com a Rede de Cuidados

Risco de COVID-19 em profissionais de saúde da linha de frente e intervenções: revisão sistemática

Objective: to identify the evidence related to the risks of SARS-CoV-2 exposure in healthcare workers and the interventions adopted. Method: systematic literature review in eight scientific databases and three gray literature repositories. Results: 26 studies identified as risk factors: scarcity, inadequate use or reuse of personal equipment; low adherence to precautionary measures; working in intensive care and COVID-19 sectors; long stay in a closed work environment; sharing eating areas without the use of masks and distance; low knowledge and unpreparedness for disease management. 12 studies identified as interventions: health surveillance programs with early detection, diagnosis and early withdrawal; organization of care flows; double triage; telemedicine; limitation of visits; creation of exclusive sectors for care to COVID-19; qualification and training with virtual tools and simulation. Conclusion: besides the risk of infection, individual, psychosocial and organizational factors made the healthcare work environment unsafe. Interventions should be adopted to mitigate the risks and decrease the professionals' morbidity and mortality.Objetivo: identificar as evidências relacionadas aos riscos de exposição ao SARS-CoV-2 em profissionais de saúde e as intervenções adotadas. Método: revisão sistemática de literatura em oito bases de dados científicas e três repositórios de literatura cinzenta. Resultados: 26 estudos identificaram como fator de risco: escassez, uso inadequado ou reuso de equipamentos individuais; baixa adesão às medidas de precaução; atuação em terapia intensiva e setores COVID-19; longa permanência em ambiente de trabalho fechado; compartilhamento de espaços para alimentação sem uso de máscara e distanciamento; baixo conhecimento e despreparo para atendimento à doença. 12 estudos identificaram como intervenções:  programas de vigilância em saúde com detecção precoce, diagnóstico e afastamento precoce; organização de fluxos de atendimento; triagem dupla; telemedicina; limitação de visitas; criação de setores exclusivos para atendimento à COVID-19; capacitações e treinamentos com ferramentas virtuais e simulação. Conclusão: além do risco de infecção, fatores individuais, psicossociais e organizacionais tornaram o ambiente de trabalho em saúde inseguro. Intervenções devem ser adotadas para mitigar os riscos e diminuir a morbimortalidade dos profissionais

Colicistite aguda alitiásica condutas que reduzem a taxa de internação em Terapia de Unidade Intensiva: uma revisão sistemática: Acute althiasic cholicistitis conducts that reduce the hospitalization rate in Intensive Unit Therapy: a systematic review

Os cálculos biliares se encontram em mais de 10% da população mundial, sendo que esta incidência se torna maior com o avanço da idade. Sendo assim a colecistite pode ser considerada como uma emergência comum no mundo, sendo que na maior parte dos casos é decorrente da inflamação da parede interna da vesícula devido á impactação do cálculo e decorrente obstrução no ducto cístico, produzindo assim dor repentina e aguda, entretanto a colecistite aguda alitiásica ocorre sem que haja cálculos em seu interior. Esse trabalho possui como sua pergunta de pesquisa qual conduta deve ser adotada para reduzir a taxa de internação em UTI’s em pacientes que apresentem colicistite aguda alitiásica. E assim como seu objetivo geral demonstrar a conduta adequada para manejo de pacientes que apresentem colicistite aguda alitiásica. E como seus objetivos específicos: Identificar do que se trata um quadro de colicistite aguda alitiásica; Auxiliar na tomada de conduta pelos profissionais acerca do tratamento adequado; Disponibilizar informações acerca do assunto. Esse trabalho trata-se de uma revisão sistemática de artigos extraídos das plataformas do PubMed, BVS, Lilacs, Medline, Scielo, esses que possuem datas dos últimos 5 anos e escritos nos seguintes idiomas: português, inglês e espanhol. Com isso conclui-se que ainda são escassos os estudos acerca do tema, portanto é necessário que os médicos consigam de forma significativa o diagnóstico com agilidade, e para isso o conhecimento sobre assunto por uma equipe multidisciplinar deve ser amplamente desenvolvido

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Basin-wide variation in tree hydraulic safety margins predicts the carbon balance of Amazon forests

Funding: Data collection was largely funded by the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) project TREMOR (NE/N004655/1) to D.G., E.G. and O.P., with further funds from Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior—Brasil (CAPES, finance code 001) to J.V.T. and a University of Leeds Climate Research Bursary Fund to J.V.T. D.G., E.G. and O.P. acknowledge further support from a NERC-funded consortium award (ARBOLES, NE/S011811/1). This paper is an outcome of J.V.T.’s doctoral thesis, which was sponsored by CAPES (GDE 99999.001293/2015-00). J.V.T. was previously supported by the NERC-funded ARBOLES project (NE/S011811/1) and is supported at present by the Swedish Research Council Vetenskapsrådet (grant no. 2019-03758 to R.M.). E.G., O.P. and D.G. acknowledge support from NERC-funded BIORED grant (NE/N012542/1). O.P. acknowledges support from an ERC Advanced Grant and a Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit Award. R.S.O. was supported by a CNPq productivity scholarship, the São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP-Microsoft 11/52072-0) and the US Department of Energy, project GoAmazon (FAPESP 2013/50531-2). M.M. acknowledges support from MINECO FUN2FUN (CGL2013-46808-R) and DRESS (CGL2017-89149-C2-1-R). C.S.-M., F.B.V. and P.R.L.B. were financed by Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior—Brasil (CAPES, finance code 001). C.S.-M. received a scholarship from the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq 140353/2017-8) and CAPES (science without borders 88881.135316/2016-01). Y.M. acknowledges the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation and ERC Advanced Investigator Grant (GEM-TRAITS, 321131) for supporting the Global Ecosystems Monitoring (GEM) network (gem.tropicalforests.ox.ac.uk), within which some of the field sites (KEN, TAM and ALP) are nested. The authors thank Brazil–USA Collaborative Research GoAmazon DOE-FAPESP-FAPEAM (FAPESP 2013/50533-5 to L.A.) and National Science Foundation (award DEB-1753973 to L. Alves). They thank Serrapilheira Serra-1709-18983 (to M.H.) and CNPq-PELD/POPA-441443/2016-8 (to L.G.) (P.I. Albertina Lima). They thank all the colleagues and grants mentioned elsewhere [8,36] that established, identified and measured the Amazon forest plots in the RAINFOR network analysed here. The authors particularly thank J. Lyod, S. Almeida, F. Brown, B. Vicenti, N. Silva and L. Alves. This work is an outcome approved Research Project no. 19 from ForestPlots.net, a collaborative initiative developed at the University of Leeds that unites researchers and the monitoring of their permanent plots from the world’s tropical forests [61]. The authros thank A. Levesley, K. Melgaço Ladvocat and G. Pickavance for ForestPlots.net management. They thank Y. Wang and J. Baker, respectively, for their help with the map and with the climatic data. The authors acknowledge the invaluable help of M. Brum for kindly providing the comparison of vulnerability curves based on PAD and on PLC shown in this manuscript. They thank J. Martinez-Vilalta for his comments on an early version of this manuscript. The authors also thank V. Hilares and the Asociación para la Investigación y Desarrollo Integral (AIDER, Puerto Maldonado, Peru); V. Saldaña and Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana (IIAP) for local field campaign support in Peru; E. Chavez and Noel Kempff Natural History Museum for local field campaign support in Bolivia; ICMBio, INPA/NAPPA/LBA COOMFLONA (Cooperativa mista da Flona Tapajós) and T. I. Bragança-Marituba for the research support.Tropical forests face increasing climate risk1,2, yet our ability to predict their response to climate change is limited by poor understanding of their resistance to water stress. Although xylem embolism resistance thresholds (for example, Ψ50) and hydraulic safety margins (for example, HSM50) are important predictors of drought-induced mortality risk3-5, little is known about how these vary across Earth's largest tropical forest. Here, we present a pan-Amazon, fully standardized hydraulic traits dataset and use it to assess regional variation in drought sensitivity and hydraulic trait ability to predict species distributions and long-term forest biomass accumulation. Parameters Ψ50 and HSM50 vary markedly across the Amazon and are related to average long-term rainfall characteristics. Both Ψ50 and HSM50 influence the biogeographical distribution of Amazon tree species. However, HSM50 was the only significant predictor of observed decadal-scale changes in forest biomass. Old-growth forests with wide HSM50 are gaining more biomass than are low HSM50 forests. We propose that this may be associated with a growth-mortality trade-off whereby trees in forests consisting of fast-growing species take greater hydraulic risks and face greater mortality risk. Moreover, in regions of more pronounced climatic change, we find evidence that forests are losing biomass, suggesting that species in these regions may be operating beyond their hydraulic limits. Continued climate change is likely to further reduce HSM50 in the Amazon6,7, with strong implications for the Amazon carbon sink.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

Mapping density, diversity and species-richness of the Amazon tree flora

Using 2.046 botanically-inventoried tree plots across the largest tropical forest on Earth, we mapped tree species-diversity and tree species-richness at 0.1-degree resolution, and investigated drivers for diversity and richness. Using only location, stratified by forest type, as predictor, our spatial model, to the best of our knowledge, provides the most accurate map of tree diversity in Amazonia to date, explaining approximately 70% of the tree diversity and species-richness. Large soil-forest combinations determine a significant percentage of the variation in tree species-richness and tree alpha-diversity in Amazonian forest-plots. We suggest that the size and fragmentation of these systems drive their large-scale diversity patterns and hence local diversity. A model not using location but cumulative water deficit, tree density, and temperature seasonality explains 47% of the tree species-richness in the terra-firme forest in Amazonia. Over large areas across Amazonia, residuals of this relationship are small and poorly spatially structured, suggesting that much of the residual variation may be local. The Guyana Shield area has consistently negative residuals, showing that this area has lower tree species-richness than expected by our models. We provide extensive plot meta-data, including tree density, tree alpha-diversity and tree species-richness results and gridded maps at 0.1-degree resolution

Geography and ecology shape the phylogenetic composition of Amazonian tree communities

Aim: Amazonia hosts more tree species from numerous evolutionary lineages, both young and ancient, than any other biogeographic region. Previous studies have shown that tree lineages colonized multiple edaphic environments and dispersed widely across Amazonia, leading to a hypothesis, which we test, that lineages should not be strongly associated with either geographic regions or edaphic forest types. Location: Amazonia. Taxon: Angiosperms (Magnoliids; Monocots; Eudicots). Methods: Data for the abundance of 5082 tree species in 1989 plots were combined with a mega-phylogeny. We applied evolutionary ordination to assess how phylogenetic composition varies across Amazonia. We used variation partitioning and Moran\u27s eigenvector maps (MEM) to test and quantify the separate and joint contributions of spatial and environmental variables to explain the phylogenetic composition of plots. We tested the indicator value of lineages for geographic regions and edaphic forest types and mapped associations onto the phylogeny. Results: In the terra firme and várzea forest types, the phylogenetic composition varies by geographic region, but the igapó and white-sand forest types retain a unique evolutionary signature regardless of region. Overall, we find that soil chemistry, climate and topography explain 24% of the variation in phylogenetic composition, with 79% of that variation being spatially structured (R$^{2}$ = 19% overall for combined spatial/environmental effects). The phylogenetic composition also shows substantial spatial patterns not related to the environmental variables we quantified (R$^{2}$ = 28%). A greater number of lineages were significant indicators of geographic regions than forest types. Main Conclusion: Numerous tree lineages, including some ancient ones (>66 Ma), show strong associations with geographic regions and edaphic forest types of Amazonia. This shows that specialization in specific edaphic environments has played a long-standing role in the evolutionary assembly of Amazonian forests. Furthermore, many lineages, even those that have dispersed across Amazonia, dominate within a specific region, likely because of phylogenetically conserved niches for environmental conditions that are prevalent within regions