Uma análise sobre a proposta de reforma da previdência e a perspectiva de direitos sociais de mulheres assistidas pelo Núcleo Maria da Penha – NUMAPE - Francisco Beltrão - PR / An analysis of the pension reform proposal and the social rights perspective of women assisted by the Maria da Penha Nucleus - NUMAPE - Francisco Beltrão - PR

Considerando a Reforma Previdenciária pôr que passou o sistema Constitucional brasileiro, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo abordar a situação socioeconômica das mulheres atendidas pelo Núcleo Maria da Penha – NUMAPE , cuja finalidade consiste em dar apoio jurídico e educativo para as mulheres que se encontram em situação de violência doméstica, e as repercussões que a reforma provocou direta ou indiretamente na vida econômico-profissional das assistidas pelo NUMAPE. A partir da análise sobre os dados pessoais colhidos das mulheres atendidas nos anos de 2018 e 2019, construiu-se um mapeamento das atividades econômicas por elas praticadas como forma de contribuição de renda familiar, com análise da capacidade financeira de cada uma, suas inserções no mercado formal e informal de trabalho, a fim de, a partir desses dados, construir-se um panorama geral do resultado da reforma da previdência na vida sócio-econômica dessas mulheres, e a perspectiva de virem a ter uma garantia de Seguridade Social em um futuro próximo

Frequency of Porphyromonas gingivalis fimA in smokers and nonsmokers after periodontal therapy

Porphyromonas gingivalis is one of the most important Gram-negative anaerobe bacteria involved in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. P. gingivalis has an arsenal of specialized virulence factors that contribute to its pathogenicity. Among them, fimbriae play a role in the initial attachment and organization of biofilms. Different genotypes of fimA have been related to length of fimbriae and pathogenicity of the bacterium. Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify 5 types of fimA genotype strains in smokers and nonsmokers with periodontitis, before and after periodontal therapy. Material and Methods: Thirty-one patients with periodontitis harboring P. gingivalis were selected: 16 nonsmokers (NS) and 15 smokers (SM). Clinical and microbiological parameters were evaluated at baseline and 3 months after periodontal treatment, namely: plaque index, bleeding on probe, probing depth, gingival recession and clinical attachment level. The frequency of P. gingivalis and fimA genotype strains were determined by polymerase chain reaction. Results: Type I fimA was detected in the majority of SM and NS at baseline, and the frequency did not diminish after 3 months of treatment. The frequency of type II genotype was higher in SM than NS at baseline. After 3 months, statistical reduction was observed only for types II and V fimA genotypes in SM. The highest association was found between types I and II at baseline for NS (37.5%) and SM (53.3%). Conclusion: The most prevalent P. gingivalis fimA genotypes detected in periodontal and smoker patients were genotypes I and II. However, the presence of fimA genotype II was higher in SM. Periodontal treatment was effective in controlling periodontal disease and reducing type II and V P. gingivalis fimA

Basic Cycle in Dentistry Students’ Training: The Gap in the Integration of Knowledge and Social Reality

One of the main premises of the Dentistry curricular guidelines is the integration of knowledge, bringing together the basic, clinical and public health areas. The aim of this research was to understand how the contents of the “basic cycle” contribute to dentists’ academic training. A qualitative study was performed, and developed through interviews of focal groups consisting of students from 2nd to 4th semester. The analysis produced five categories: decontextualization of social sciences, curricular structure, the gap between the basic and professional cycles, student resignation to the “basic cycle”, and teachers at the core of the process. It was concluded that the dichotomy between the basic and professional cycles complicates curricular integration and compromises students' commitment to their graduation. As a result, it is necessary to incorporate the principles provided in the Dentistry curricular guidelines, such as students’ proactive behavior towards the learning process and the teacher's role as a facilitator

An Update on Candida tropicalis Based on Basic and Clinical Approaches

Candida tropicalis has emerged as one of the most important Candida species. It has been widely considered the second most virulent Candida species, only preceded by C. albicans. Besides, this species has been recognized as a very strong biofilm producer, surpassing C. albicans in most of the studies. In addition, it produces a wide range of other virulence factors, including: adhesion to buccal epithelial and endothelial cells; the secretion of lytic enzymes, such as proteinases, phospholipases, and hemolysins, bud-to-hyphae transition (also called morphogenesis) and the phenomenon called phenotypic switching. This is a species very closely related to C. albicans and has been easily identified with both phenotypic and molecular methods. In addition, no cryptic sibling species were yet described in the literature, what is contradictory to some other medically important Candida species. C. tropicalis is a clinically relevant species and may be the second or third etiological agent of candidemia, specifically in Latin American countries and Asia. Antifungal resistance to the azoles, polyenes, and echinocandins has already been described. Apart from all these characteristics, C. tropicalis has been considered an osmotolerant microorganism and this ability to survive to high salt concentration may be important for fungal persistence in saline environments. This physiological characteristic makes this species suitable for use in biotechnology processes. Here we describe an update of C. tropicalis, focusing on all these previously mentioned subjects

Frequency of Porphyromonas gingivalis fimA in smokers and nonsmokers after periodontal therapy

Abstract Porphyromonas gingivalis is one of the most important Gram-negative anaerobe bacteria involved in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. P. gingivalis has an arsenal of specialized virulence factors that contribute to its pathogenicity. Among them, fimbriae play a role in the initial attachment and organization of biofilms. Different genotypes of fimA have been related to length of fimbriae and pathogenicity of the bacterium. Objectives The aim of this study was to identify 5 types of fimA genotype strains in smokers and nonsmokers with periodontitis, before and after periodontal therapy. Material and Methods Thirty-one patients with periodontitis harboring P. gingivalis were selected: 16 nonsmokers (NS) and 15 smokers (SM). Clinical and microbiological parameters were evaluated at baseline and 3 months after periodontal treatment, namely: plaque index, bleeding on probe, probing depth, gingival recession and clinical attachment level. The frequency of P. gingivalis and fimA genotype strains were determined by polymerase chain reaction. Results Type I fimA was detected in the majority of SM and NS at baseline, and the frequency did not diminish after 3 months of treatment. The frequency of type II genotype was higher in SM than NS at baseline. After 3 months, statistical reduction was observed only for types II and V fimA genotypes in SM. The highest association was found between types I and II at baseline for NS (37.5%) and SM (53.3%). Conclusion The most prevalent P. gingivalis fimA genotypes detected in periodontal and smoker patients were genotypes I and II. However, the presence of fimA genotype II was higher in SM. Periodontal treatment was effective in controlling periodontal disease and reducing type II and V P. gingivalis fimA

Basic Cycle in Dentistry Students’ Training: The Gap in the Integration of Knowledge and Social Reality

One of the main premises of the Dentistry curricular guidelines is the integration of knowledge, bringing together the basic, clinical and public health areas. The aim of this research was to understand how the contents of the ‚basic cycle‛ contribute to dentists’ academic training. A qualitative study was performed, and developed through interviews of focal groups consisting of students from 2nd to 4th semester. The analysis produced five categories: decontextualization of social sciences, curricular structure, the gap between the basic and professional cycles, student resignation to the ‚basic cycle‛, and teachers at the core of the process. It was concluded that the dichotomy between the basic and professional cycles complicates curricular integration and compromises students' commitment to their graduation. As a result, it is necessary to incorporate the principles provided in the Dentistry curricular guidelines, such as students’ proactive behavior towards the learning process and the teacher's role as a facilitator.Una de las principales premisas de las directrices curriculares de Odontología es la integración de conocimientos, articulando áreas básicas, clínicas y de salud pública. El objetivo de esta investigación fue comprender cómo los contenidos del ‚ciclo básico‛ contribuyen a la formación académica de los dentistas. Se realizó un estudio cualitativo, desarrollado a través de entrevistas a grupos focales formados por alumnos de 2o. a 4o. semestre. El análisis mostró cinco categorías: descontextualización de las ciencias sociales, estructura curricular, distancia ciclo básico-ciclo profesional, renuncia al ‚ciclo básico‛ y profesores en el núcleo del proceso. Se concluyó que la dicotomía entre los ciclos básico y profesional obstaculiza la integración curricular y compromete la implicación de los estudiantes con su graduación y la incorporación de los principios señalados en las directrices curriculares de Odontología, como el comportamiento proactivo de los estudiantes hacia el proceso de aprendizaje y el papel del profesor como facilitador