Особливості судової експертизи об’єктів інтелектуальної власності в Україні та за кордоном

Issues on the implementation of intellectual property analysis in Ukraine, as well as a forensic expert participation in court hearing abroad were considered. Intellectual property objects belong to a variety of types of art, science, technology and crafts, effective consideration of cases related to protection of intellectual property rights, for a complete and comprehensive study of the subject of examination and providing an expert's concusion becomes possible only in case of attracting specialists, who have special knowledge in a particular field. The article purpose is to define features of intellectual property analysis in Ukraine and formal requirements for a forensic expert in Ukraine and foreign states. One of the priority directions of state policy is the protection of intellectual property rights, as the development of this area stimulates innovation in all fields by increasing the country's economy to a new level, and providing it a rightful place at the international level. Also, an increase of scientific potential not only promotes Ukraine's modernization in various fields of science and technology but also increases its defense capability and national security. Today there is a negative state of compliance with the legislation regulating intellectual property issues, the number of violations of relevant rights is increasing. The reason for such a state is the imperfection of the mechanism of legal protection and protection of intellectual property rights in the field of scientific activity, failure to resolve the issue regarding legal protection of scientific advances, etc. In January 2020, the European Commission made a publication of a report on protection and ensuring intellectual property rights in third countries, according to which (despite all preventive measures) our country was already on the list of countries, where there are serious systematic problems in the field of defense and protection of intellectual rights, causing significant damage to the economic interests of the EU. Forensic science plays a priority role in introducing advanced achievements of science and technology and promotes the reliability of the proof system in the case. In some cases, the appointment and conduct of a forensic examination are not only necessary but also the only possible means of establishing the truth and solving a litigation.Розглянуто здійснення експертизи об’єктів інтелектуальної власності в Україні, а також участь експерта в судовому засіданні за кордоном. Об’єкти інтелектуальної власності належать до різноманітних галузей мистецтва, науки, техніки й ремесла, тому ефективність розгляду справ, пов’язаних із захистом прав інтелектуальної власності, залежить від залучення фахівців, які мають спеціальні знання в певній галузі, — для повного та всебічного дослідження предмета експертизи й надання висновку експерта. З’ясовано особливості проведення судової експертизи об’єктів інтелектуальної власності в Україні та визначено формальні вимоги до судового експерта в Україні й іноземних державах

Methodological Features of Teaching Lobachevski and Riemann Geometries

У статті розглянуто методичні особливості навчання студентів математичних спеціальностей педагогічних вузів гіперболічної геометрії Лобачевського та еліптичної геометрії Рімана, які вивчаються у курсі «Проективної геометрії та основ геометрії» з метою глибшого розуміння майбутніми вчителями структури геометричної науки в цілому та незалежності логічної побудови геометрії від геометричної наочності. Наведено основні поняття, відношення та моделі цих геометрій. Проаналізовано деякі ключові факти неевклідових геометрій та подано порівняльну таблицю основних тверджень, що дає змогу встановити спільні та відмінні риси цих геометрій, і , відповідно, геометрії Евкліда. Виділено методи порівняння та аналогії як найбільш ефективні методи навчання геометрій Лобачевського та Рімана. Запропоновано використання інформаційних технологій з метою демонстрації різноманітних моделей неевклідових геометрій та порівняння найпростіших понять, співвідношень та тверджень геометрій Евкліда, Лобачевського та Рімана.The article considers methodical features of training of students of mathematical specialties pedagogical universities of the hyperbolic geometry of Lobachevsky and elliptic geometry of Riemann, which are studied in the course "Projective geometry and foundations of geometry" with the goal of better understanding prospective teachers ' geometric structure of science in General and the independence of the logical construction of geometry from the geometric clarity. Given the basic concepts, relationships and models of these geometries. Analyzed some key facts of non-Euclidean geometries and presents a comparative table of basic claims, which allows to establish common and distinctive features of these geometries, and, therefore, Euclid's geometry. Selected methods of comparison and analogy as the most effective teaching methods geometries of Lobachevsky and Riemann. Proposed use of information technologies to demonstrate various models of non-Euclidean geometries and comparisons the simplest of concepts, relations and assertions of the geometries of Euclid, Lobachevsky and Riemann

Inheritance in the occupied territories and in the area of antiterrorism operation: the experience of Ukraine

The authors of this paper have covered the issues of the features of inheritance in the anti-terrorist operation zone and the occupied territories. The innovations that came into force in 2018 were taken into account. It is specified that the occupied territories in the Donetsk and Luhansk regions are recognized as parts of the territory of Ukraine, on which the armed formations of the Russian Federation and the occupation administration of the Russian Federation have established and exercise general control. Within the temporarily occupied territories, there is a special procedure for ensuring the rights and freedoms of the civilian population, determined by the legislation of Ukraine. Therefore, the procedure for registering inheritance is unchanged throughout Ukraine. The authors analyzed information on the procedure for obtaining inheritance under the law, by testament, and under an inheritance contract. Attention is focused on the fact that inheritance is a derivative way of the emergence of property rights, and universal legal succession – the transfer of the entire scope of rights, obligations, and items of property from the deceased to the heirs. Besides, timely and accurate fulfillment of their obligations allows formalizing the inheritance in time following the provisions of laws. Testamentary succession occurs if a deceased person drew up a testament before death, and the testament is valid. In its absence, inheritance occurs under the law. Hereditary succession takes place in the following cases: absence of the testament; invalidation of the testament; death of the heirs indicated in the testament before the opening of inheritance or their refusal to accept inheritance; the testator canceled a previously drawn up testament and did not leave a new one; the testament is judicially declared invalid; if the testament does not cover all the property belonging to the testator

Growth of the Poisson-Stieltjes Integral in a Polydisc

We describe the growth of the valueM∞(r1,..., rrn, v) = max{|v(z1,...,zn)| : |zj| ≤ rj}, 0 ≤ rj < 1 in terms of the modulus of continuity of a measure μ, where the function v is represented by the Poisson-Stieltjes integral

ESR2 Drives Mesenchymal-to-Epithelial Transition in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer and Tumorigenesis In Vivo

Estrogen receptors (ERs) have pivotal roles in the development and progression of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Interactions among cancer cells and tumor microenvironment are orchestrated by the extracellular matrix that is rapidly emerging as prominent contributor of fundamental processes of breast cancer progression. Early studies have correlated ERβ expression in tumor sites with a more aggressive clinical outcome, however ERβ exact role in the progression of TNBC remains to be elucidated. Herein, we introduce the functional role of ERβ suppression following isolation of monoclonal cell populations of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells transfected with shRNA against human ESR2 that permanently resulted in 90% reduction of ERβ mRNA and protein levels. Further, we demonstrate that clone selection results in strongly reduced levels of the aggressive functional properties of MDA-MB-231 cells, by transforming their morphological characteristics, eliminating the mesenchymal-like traits of triple-negative breast cancer cells. Monoclonal populations of shERβ MDA-MB-231 cells undergo universal matrix reorganization and pass on a mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition state. These striking changes are encompassed by the total prevention of tumorigenesis in vivo following ERβ maximum suppression and isolation of monoclonal cell populations in TNBC cells. We propose that these novel findings highlight the promising role of ERβ targeting in future pharmaceutical approaches for managing the metastatic dynamics of TNBC breast cancer

ESR2 Drives Mesenchymal-to-Epithelial Transition in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer and Tumorigenesis In Vivo

Estrogen receptors (ERs) have pivotal roles in the development and progression of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Interactions among cancer cells and tumor microenvironment are orchestrated by the extracellular matrix that is rapidly emerging as prominent contributor of fundamental processes of breast cancer progression. Early studies have correlated ER beta expression in tumor sites with a more aggressive clinical outcome, however ER beta exact role in the progression of TNBC remains to be elucidated. Herein, we introduce the functional role of ER beta suppression following isolation of monoclonal cell populations of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells transfected with shRNA against human ESR2 that permanently resulted in 90% reduction of ER beta mRNA and protein levels. Further, we demonstrate that clone selection results in strongly reduced levels of the aggressive functional properties of MDA-MB-231 cells, by transforming their morphological characteristics, eliminating the mesenchymal-like traits of triple-negative breast cancer cells. Monoclonal populations of shER beta MDA-MB-231 cells undergo universal matrix reorganization and pass on a mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition state. These striking changes are encompassed by the total prevention of tumorigenesis in vivo following ER beta maximum suppression and isolation of monoclonal cell populations in TNBC cells. We propose that these novel findings highlight the promising role of ER beta targeting in future pharmaceutical approaches for managing the metastatic dynamics of TNBC breast cancer