Bahasa Gaul Kaum Muda sebagai Kreativitas Linguistis Penuturnya pada Media Sosial di Era Teknologi Komunikasi dan Informasi

Salah satu praktik berbahasa yang menjadi dampak perkembangan teknologi komunikasi dan informasi adalah munculnya kreativitas linguistis, khususnya di kalangan kaum muda. Kreativitas linguistis pada praktiknya telah menimbulkan adanya divergensi bahasa sehingga menimbulkan disparitas komunikasi antara kaum muda dengan kaum tua di tengah masyarakat. Tulisan ini mengangkat tiga hal utama, yaitu (1) bagaimanakah gejala lingual di kalangan kaum muda yang disebut sebagai bahasa gaul, (2) bagaimana bentuk-bentuk kreativitas linguistis di kalangan kaum muda, dan (3) faktor apa saja yang mendorong terjadinya proses kreativitas linguistis. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan sosiolinguistik . Data penelitian diambil dari jejaring media sosial twitter pada tahun 2018. Hasil kajian memperlihatkan beberapa hal yaitu, (1) bahasa gaul di kalangan kaum muda pada dasarnya dipahami sebagai subragam informal bahasa Indonesia; (2) bahasa gaul di kalangan kaum muda memiliki identitas leksikal yang menjadi ciri utamanya, yaitu adanya reduksionisme, penyingkatan kata, dan akronimisasi; (3) faktor yang melatarbelakangi munculnya kreativitas linguistis di kalangan kaum muda, yaitu efisiensi berbahasa, sosialpsikologis, anutan berbahasa, kemajuan teknologi, dan keinginan untuk menciptakan varian (bahasa Indonesia) baru

Self-consistent Green function approach for calculations of electronic structure in transition metals

We present an approach for self-consistent calculations of the many-body Green function in transition metals. The distinguishing feature of our approach is the use of the one-site approximation and the self-consistent quasiparticle wave function basis set, obtained from the solution of the Schrodinger equation with a nonlocal potential. We analyze several sets of skeleton diagrams as generating functionals for the Green function self-energy, including GW and fluctuating exchange sets. Their relative contribution to the electronic structure in 3d-metals was identified. Calculations for Fe and Ni revealed stronger energy dependence of the effective interaction and self-energy of the d-electrons near the Fermi level compared to s and p electron states. Reasonable agreement with experimental results is obtained

Pencitraan Tomografi Elektrik dengan Elektroda Planar di Permukaan

Tomografi Elektrik merupakan metoda pencitraan distribusi resistivitas listrik suatu objek berdasarka pengukuran beda potensial dan arus listrik yang terjadi pada bidang batas objek. Pada studi ini dikaji penerapan tomografi elektrik untuk pencitraan objek di bawah permukaan seperti di bawah permukaan tanah, dengan menggunakan susunan elektroda di atas permukaan dengan konfigurasi planar atau dalam satu baris. Untuk rekonstruksi citra, digunakan algoritma rekonstruksi berbasis model, dengan menggunakan metoda elemen hingga untuk pemodelan objek dan metoda Newton_Raphson untuk perhitungan distribusi resistivitas. Untuk mengatasi persoalan ill-posed, diterapkan metoda regularisasi Tikhonov. Dari hasil simulasi numerik dengan pendekatan model objek segi empat, diperoleh bahwa target dalam objek akan dapat direkonstruksi lebih baik jika terletak semakin dekat ke permukaan. Kata kunci: tomografi elektrik, elektroda permukaan, metoda elemen hingga, metoda Newton-rhapsonAbstractElectrical Tomography is a method for imaging the electrical resistivity distribution of an object by measuring the potential difference and electric current that occurs in the object boundary. This study examined the application of electrical tomography for imaging the subsurface object, using an arrangement of electrodes on the surface in planar configuration or single row. Model-based reconstruction algorithm is used for image reconstruction, using the finite element method for modeling object and Newton-Raphson method for measuring the resistivity distribution. Tikhonov regularization method is used to solve the ill-posed problem. From the results of numerical simulation with model-based approach for rectangular object, the target in an object will be reconstructed better if located closer to the surface.    Keywords: electrical tomography, surface electrode, finite element method, Newton-rhapson metho

HIV/AIDS prisoners: a case study on quality of life in Roumieh, Lebanon

Prisons often lack the basic health services required by HIV/AIDS patients. As with many other chronic illnesses, the treatment of HIV is expensive in terms of medication, hygiene, testing and staff training. Strategies to combat the disease have been thoroughly developed, particularly in Europe (WHO/UNAIDS, 2006). The purpose of this study was to assess quality of life (QOL) of the only 5 reported cases of HIV/AIDS patients in Roumieh prison (the country’s largest male top-security prison) using the WHOQOL and the WHO guidelines on HIV infection and AIDS in prison. Virtually all prisoners reported that their rights had been violated. Isolation measures were taken to prevent the spread of the disease. According to UNAIDS, this particular measure has been proven ineffective. In conclusion, other approaches should be implemented to respect inmates’ rights and reduce transmission of the virus.Keywords: HIV/AIDS, quality of life, health, prisoners, human rights.Les prisons n’ont pas souvent les services de santé de base requises pour le traitement du VIH/SIDA. C’est le cas aussi d’autres maladies chroniques, le traitement du VIH coute cher en terme de médicaments, d’hygiène, de test, et la formation du personnel. Les stratégies pour combattre la maladie ont été bien développées, particulièrement en Europe (OMS/ONUSIDA, 2006). L’objectif de cette étude était d’évalué la qualité de vie (QDV) de 5 prisoniers malades du VIH/SIDA qui ont été signalés dans la prison de Roumieh (la plus grande prison du pays pour les hommes de haute sécurité) utilisant les guides de l’OMSQDV sur l’infection du VIH et le SIDA. Pratiquement tous les prisonniers signalaient que leurs droits ont été violés. Des mesures d’isolement ont été prises pour prévenir la propagation des maladies. Selon l’ONUSIDA cette mesure particulière s’est avérée inefficace. En conclusion, d’autres approches devraient être mises en oeuvre pour respecter les droits des détenus et réduire la transmission du virus

Self-consistent local GW method: Application to 3\u3ci\u3ed\u3c/i\u3e and 4\u3ci\u3ed\u3c/i\u3e metals

The spectral densities for 3d and 4d transition metals are calculated using the simplified version of the self-consistent GW method employing the local (one-site) approximation and the self-consistent quasiparticle basis set. The results are compared with those given by the traditional local density approximation (LDA) and also with experimental x-ray photoemission and inverse photoemission spectra. While no systematic improvements over LDA are observed, this fully self-consistent many-body technique generates quite reasonable results and can serve as a practical prototype for further development of the many-body electronic structure theory

EFFICIENT AND FAST GAUSSIAN BEAM-TRACKING APPROACH FOR INDOOR-PROPAGATION MODELING

International audienceA Gaussian beam-tracking technique is proposed for physical indoor-propagation modeling. Its efficiency stems from the collective treatment of rays, which is realized by using Gaussian beams to propagate fields. The formulation of this method is outlined, the computation-time efficiency is discussed, and the simulation results are compared to those obtained using a commercial ray-tracing software (XSiradif)