28 research outputs found
Simulating the seeder–feeder impacts on cloud ice and precipitation over the Alps
- Publication venue
- Copernicus Publications
- Publication date
- 01/05/2024
- Field of study
The ice phase impacts many cloud properties as well as cloud lifetime. Ice particles that sediment into a lower cloud from an upper cloud (external seeder–feeder process) or into the mixed-phase region of a deep cloud from cirrus levels (internal seeder–feeder process) can influence the ice phase of the lower cloud, amplify cloud glaciation and enhance surface precipitation. Recently, numerical weather prediction modeling studies have aimed at representing the ice crystal number concentration in mixed-phase clouds more accurately by including secondary ice formation processes. The increase in the ice crystal number concentration can impact the number of ice particles that sediment into the lower cloud and alter its composition and precipitation formation. In the Swiss Alps, the orography permits the formation of orographic clouds, making it ideal for studying the occurrence of multi-layered clouds and the seeder–feeder process. We present results from a case study on 18 May 2016, showing the occurrence frequency of multi-layered clouds and the seeder–feeder process. About half of all observed clouds were categorized as multi-layered, and the external seeder–feeder process occurred in 10 % of these clouds. Between cloud layers, ≈60 % of the ice particle mass was lost due to sublimation or melting. The external seeder–feeder process was found to be more important than the internal seeder–feeder process with regard to the impact on precipitation. In the case where the external seeder–feeder process was inhibited, the average surface precipitation and riming rate over the domain were both reduced by 8.5 % and 3.9 %, respectively. When ice–graupel collisions were allowed, further large reductions were seen in the liquid water fraction and riming rate. Inhibiting the internal seeder–feeder process enhanced the liquid water fraction by 6 % compared to a reduction of 5.8 % in the cloud condensate, therefore pointing towards the de-amplification in cloud glaciation and a reduction in surface precipitation. Adding to the observational evidence of frequent seeder–feeder situations, at least over Switzerland, our study highlights the extensive influence of sedimenting ice particles on the properties of feeder clouds as well as on precipitation formation.</p
Global economic burden of unmet surgical need for appendicitis
- Author
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- Publication venue
- Oxford University Press
- Publication date
- 01/01/2022
- Field of study
Background: There is a substantial gap in provision of adequate surgical care in many low-and middle-income countries. This study aimed to identify the economic burden of unmet surgical need for the common condition of appendicitis. Methods: Data on the incidence of appendicitis from 170 countries and two different approaches were used to estimate numbers of patients who do not receive surgery: as a fixed proportion of the total unmet surgical need per country (approach 1); and based on country income status (approach 2). Indirect costs with current levels of access and local quality, and those if quality were at the standards of high-income countries, were estimated. A human capital approach was applied, focusing on the economic burden resulting from premature death and absenteeism. Results: Excess mortality was 4185 per 100 000 cases of appendicitis using approach 1 and 3448 per 100 000 using approach 2. The economic burden of continuing current levels of access and local quality was US 92492millionusingapproach1and73 141 million using approach 2. The economic burden of not providing surgical care to the standards of high-income countries was 95004millionusingapproach1and75 666 million using approach 2. The largest share of these costs resulted from premature death (97.7 per cent) and lack of access (97.0 per cent) in contrast to lack of quality. Conclusion: For a comparatively non-complex emergency condition such as appendicitis, increasing access to care should be prioritized. Although improving quality of care should not be neglected, increasing provision of care at current standards could reduce societal costs substantially
Pooled analysis of WHO Surgical Safety Checklist use and mortality after emergency laparotomy
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- Arango MCM
- Arango MCM
- Aranzabal Durand SY
- Araujo R
- Arcudi C
- Ardley R
- Arenas A
- Arevalo Azmitia JR
- Arias Pacheco RD
- Arman S
- Arman S
- Armando ChunguiBravo J
- Armellini A
- Arnaud A
- Arnaud AP
- Arnaud AP
- Arnaud AP
- Arroyo Basto CA
- Arshad MM
- Arslan E
- Arsyad HM
- Arthur T
- Arulampalam T
- Aruldas N
- Asal M
- Asar YH
- Asare-Bediako K
- Asele FA
- Ashour A
- Ashour A
- Ashour K
- Ashraf SF
- Ashtari M
- Ashton A
- Asi F
- Asilah SMD
- Assal A
- Assouto PA
- Asturia S
- Asumah H
- Ata A
- Ata AAA
- Ata AY
- Atiyeh A
- Atkins ET
- Atkinson K
- Atobatele K
- Attallah NA
- Attard M
- Attia A
- Attia AM
- Augestad KM
- Aung KP
- Austraite A
- Aviles S
- Avoka A
- Awad I
- Awad SA
- Awadallah S
- Awuku-Asabre J
- Ayad S
- Ayandipo O
- Ayandipo OO
- Aydin MC
- Ayyar S
- Aziz DNA
- Aziz MRA
- Aziz NA
- Azizeldine MG
- Azmitia Mendizabal CA
- Azodo IA
- Azzie G
- Azzie G
- Azzis O
- Baba S
- Bachri H
- Badawy M
- Badenjki MA
- Badicel M
- Badr A
- Badr MFM
- Badwi NM
- Badwi NM
- Badwy A
- Bahar S
- Baheeg M
- Bailey K
- Baillie K
- Baillie K
- Baird A
- Bakhaidar M
- Baki BE
- Bakr A
- Bakry HM
- Bala M
- Balalis D
- Baldacchino M
- Balducci G
- Balila RMH
- Balkan AZA
- Ballouhey Q
- Balmaceda R
- Balmaceda R
- Balmaceda R
- Balogun F
- Baltrunas R
- Baluch F
- Bamford R
- Bamicha A
- Bamicha A
- Banaitis VJ
- Bandi A
- Bandoh D
- Bani-Sadar A
- Banipal GS
- Baraka H
- Barakat SAE
- Barendegere V
- Barker T
- Barkolias C
- Barmayehvar B
- Barnabas GN
- Barnacle J
- Barneo L
- Barrionuevo Ojeda RR
- Barrios E
- Barrios E
- Barros De Castro Segundo LC
- Barroso de Lima CV
- Barry J
- Basilico S
- Basir ERM
- Bassem M
- Bassit KA
- Basso SMM
- Basson S
- Batt J
- Bayram S
- Beamon M
- Beasley W
- Beaton C
- Bedada AG
- Bediako-Bowan A
- Behar N
- Beisa V
- Beisa V
- Bekhet AH
- Bekhet NM
- Beleno AEM
- Belkouchi A
- Belli A
- Bello B
- Benammi S
- Benevento A
- Benevento A
- Benger M
- Bennai RM
- Benons N
- Bentounsi Z
- Benyaiche C
- Berti S
- Bertuello I
- Beuran M
- Beuran M
- Beyene R
- Bezerra Morais PA
- Bezzina M
- Bhang A
- Bhangu A
- Bhangu A
- Bhargava A
- Bharj IS
- Bhat S
- Bhatnagar A
- Bhattacharya S
- Bhopal KF
- Bhopal KF
- Bianco F
- Bigaran A
- Billy M
- Bin Adnan A
- Bin Hasnan M
- Bin Ismail MJ
- Bin Mahamood A
- Birindelli A
- Birring A
- Bisset C
- Bjorklund I
- Bjorklund I
- Blacker S
- Blackwell J
- Blanco R
- Blanco-Colino R
- Blencowe N
- Blencowe N
- Bliksoen M
- Blower E
- Bluelle R
- Blundell R
- Boakye-Yiadom K
- Boal M
- Bocchetti T
- Boddy A
- Bode C
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- Bondurri A
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- Borg E
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- Bortolasi L
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- Botes S
- Bottini C
- Botto N
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- Braungart S
- Bray LD
- Breaud J
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- Breslin R
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- Brown D
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- Brown J
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- Bugaev N
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- Burns H
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- Cabala Chiong JA
- Cacurri A
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- Cahill R
- Cakaloglu HC
- Caliman C
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- Cameron B
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- Camilleri-Brennan J
- Camilleri-Brennan J
- Camilleri-Brennan JF
- Camilo Correa J
- Campagnaro T
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- Cecilia T
- Celik S
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- Cengiz Y
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- Chachulski W
- Chai C-A
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- Chambers A
- Chambers A
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- Chan XW
- Chan Z
- Chandrakumar C
- Chang K
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- Chapman A
- Chapman SJ
- Charles A
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- Chen CY
- Chen KY
- Chen T-L
- Chenn R
- Cheong YJ
- Chetta N
- Cheung YHE
- Chew LS
- Chhabra S
- Chibuye C
- Chidambaram S
- Chiesa D
- Chilton G
- Chin PX
- Chin YR
- Chiu S
- Chiu S
- Chiu SMY
- Choi J
- Choi P
- Chong BFHK
- Chong CL
- Chong CL
- Chong CL
- Chong CS
- Chong H-Y
- Chong HY
- Choudhry A
- Chow CYN
- Chowdhury A
- Chowdhury D
- Chu K
- Chun A
- Chun T
- Chung KJ
- Chung S
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- Clegg-Lamptey J-N
- Clement KD
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- D'Amours S
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- Da Silva LA
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- Dar M
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- Darweesh M
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- del Pilar Paucar A
- Delforge X
- Dell A
- Dempster E
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- Denewar A
- Depalma N
- Deputy M
- Der Y
- Dervenis C
- Despotidis V
- Desta S
- Deutschmann P
- Devadasar GH
- Dharamshi HA
- Dhillon D
- Di Franco F
- Di Martino N
- Di Saverio S
- Di Saverio S
- Diab A
- Diaconescu B
- Diaconescu I-B
- Dias S
- Diaz Vico T
- Diaz-Jover P
- Diaz-Zorrilla C
- Dick L
- Dickfos M
- Dickson L
- Dijan E
- Dimech T
- Din F
- Dindyal S
- Dindyal S
- Dione Parreno-Sacdalan M
- Dissanayake T
- Djivoh F
- Domini E
- Domini E
- Donnelly P
- Donoghue D
- Dorani RMNR
- Dorisme A
- dos Santos DV
- Dossou F
- Doughan S
- Doughty J
- Dousset B
- Dragatas D
- Drake TM
- Drake TM
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- Driscoll A
- Drungilas M
- Du Plessis D
- du Plooy F
- Du Toit F
- Duane T
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- Duffy L
- Duhoranenayo D
- Duinhouwer L
- Dulskas A
- Dwydar A
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- Ebrahim OS
- Eduard P
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- El Dahab AA
- El Deen KN
- El Gendy A
- El Gendy NH
- El Halawany M
- El Jamassi A
- El Kashash A
- El Kholy A
- El Magd AA
- El Mesery S
- El Sayed GS
- El Sayed IM
- El Shoura Y
- El-badawy HA
- El-Dien KS
- El-Dien KS
- El-Din RA
- El-Din SA
- El-Gizawy E
- El-Hamouly AS
- El-Kashef H
- El-Latif NK
- El-Ma'doul AS
- El-Rabaa S
- El-Sagheer N
- El-Sawy A
- El-Sehily A
- El-Shahat NS
- El-Sheemy H
- El-Taher E
- Elabdin HZ
- Elashmawy M
- Elashry R
- Elazab A
- Elazayem AA
- Elazoul M
- Elbanby E
- Elbanby ES
- Elbatahgy A
- Elbe P
- Elbermawy M
- Elbisomy KH
- Eldafrawy M
- Eldamaty L
- Eldeeb AZ
- Eldeen EA
- Eldin MAB
- EldosoukyMohammed A
- Elebute O
- Elebute O
- Elena G
- Elfarargy A
- Elfeki H
- Elfeki H
- Elfiky M
- Elfil M
- Elfouly N
- Elfouly N
- Elfouly Y
- Elfouly Y
- Elgebaly A
- Elgendy AH
- Elgendy FI
- Elgheriany M
- Elhadad A
- Elhadary NM
- Elhadry S
- Elhalawany E
- Elhamouly S
- Elhelbawy MS
- Elhendawy A
- Elhendawy AOA
- Elhoseny G
- Elhusseiny AAE
- Elizabeth Lopez C
- Elkadsh I
- Elkady F
- Elkelany A
- Elkelany A
- Elkelany A
- Elkelany A
- Elkhadrawi M
- Elkhalek EA
- Elkholy A
- Elkholy SS
- Elkolaly SS
- Elkorashy AM
- Ellison Q
- Elmashala A
- Elmasry M
- Elmelegy R
- Elmihy S
- Elnagar A
- Elnajjar MA
- Elnemr AE
- Elrazek AA
- Elsabbagh N
- Elsameea AA
- Elsawahly DME
- Elsawy A
- Elsayed M
- Elsayed M
- Elsayed N
- Elsayed NAR
- Elsayed ZM
- Elsebaaye AO
- Elsehimy M
- Elsemelawy R
- Elshaar M
- Elshaer K
- Elshaer M
- Elshaer M
- Elshafay AE
- Elshami M
- Elshanwany S
- Elsharkawy AA
- Elsheikh S
- Elsherbiney S
- Elsherbiny AS
- Elsherif FA
- Elshobary M
- Elsiddig M
- Elsobky S
- Elsorogy DEAA
- Elwaey A
- Elwakil H
- Elwan A
- Elwan A
- Elwy E
- Elzahed N
- Elzayat I
- Elzayat M
- Elzayyat I
- Elzowawi F
- Emadeldin D
- Emadeldin H
- Emara E
- Emile S
- Eng C
- English W
- Esam A
- Escalante Salas MDC
- Espin-Basany E
- Espinoza F
- Essam A
- Essam AA
- Essam M
- Essoun S
- Esteban E
- Estee MM
- Estupinian S
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- Etienne S
- Etman M
- Etwire V
- Evajelista CV
- Evans D
- Evans E
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- Eyssartier E
- Ezzat E
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- Faccincani R
- Fadel A
- Fahiem A
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- Falzon M
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- Farag S
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- Faraz A
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- Farhangmehr N
- Farinella E
- Farmakis K
- Farooq T
- Farouk SAM
- Farquharson A
- Farrugia A
- Farrugia A
- Faruq A
- Fathy AM
- Fattah AA
- Fatuga A
- Faturoti O
- Faturoti O
- Faure A
- Fautz T
- Favero A
- Fawzy A
- Feidantsis T
- Felipe CO
- Fergany A
- Fergusson SJ
- Fergusson SJ
- Fergusson SJ
- Fergusson SJ
- Fermani C
- Fermani CG
- Fernandes C
- Fernandez C
- Fernandez-Bueno F
- Fernandez-Vega L
- Ferousis C
- Ferrero E
- Fievet L
- Filatau A
- Findlay-Cooper K
- Firdouse M
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- Firwana A
- Fitsum A
- Fitzgerald JE
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- Florez Farfan ES
- Foco M
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- Foo CC
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- Forno W
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- Fowler AJ
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- Frade F
- Fraga GP
- Francisco Roxas M
- Franco H
- Francois P
- Francois-Coridon H
- Francone E
- Freitas AV
- Frey D
- Frisk B
- Fuentes-Rivera L
- Fujii F
- Furqan MM
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- Gaarder T
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- Gadhvi V
- Gado A
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- Gaizauskas V
- Gala T
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- Galiqi G
- Galleano R
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- Gamal D
- Gamal E
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- Garaycochea O
- Garcia Bernardo C
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- Garcia Septiem J
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- Gemenetzis G
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- Germanos S
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- Gerosa A
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- Geuoshy A
- Ghaben A
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- Glynn M
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- Grizhja B
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- Guevara Torres S
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- Halhouli O
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- Halicioglu I
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- Hashim A
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- Haslegrave A
- Hassaan A
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- Hassan I
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- Ibraheem HI
- Ibrahem AA
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- Ibrahim A
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- Ibrahim I
- Ibrahim K
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- Imoro O
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- Iordache F-M
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- Publication venue
- Publication date
- 15/10/2018
- Field of study
Background The World Health Organization (WHO) Surgical Safety Checklist has fostered safe practice for 10 years, yet its place in emergency surgery has not been assessed on a global scale. The aim of this study was to evaluate reported checklist use in emergency settings and examine the relationship with perioperative mortality in patients who had emergency laparotomy. Methods In two multinational cohort studies, adults undergoing emergency laparotomy were compared with those having elective gastrointestinal surgery. Relationships between reported checklist use and mortality were determined using multivariable logistic regression and bootstrapped simulation. Results Of 12 296 patients included from 76 countries, 4843 underwent emergency laparotomy. After adjusting for patient and disease factors, checklist use before emergency laparotomy was more common in countries with a high Human Development Index (HDI) (2455 of 2741, 89.6 per cent) compared with that in countries with a middle (753 of 1242, 60.6 per cent; odds ratio (OR) 0.17, 95 per cent c.i. 0.14 to 0.21, P <0001) or low (363 of 860, 422 per cent; OR 008, 007 to 010, P <0.001) HDI. Checklist use was less common in elective surgery than for emergency laparotomy in high-HDI countries (risk difference -94 (95 per cent c.i. -11.9 to -6.9) per cent; P <0001), but the relationship was reversed in low-HDI countries (+121 (+7.0 to +173) per cent; P <0001). In multivariable models, checklist use was associated with a lower 30-day perioperative mortality (OR 0.60, 0.50 to 073; P <0.001). The greatest absolute benefit was seen for emergency surgery in low- and middle-HDI countries. Conclusion Checklist use in emergency laparotomy was associated with a significantly lower perioperative mortality rate. Checklist use in low-HDI countries was half that in high-HDI countries.Peer reviewe
Global variation in anastomosis and end colostomy formation following left-sided colorectal resection
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- Bakr A
- Bakry Hm
- Baky Fahmy MA
- Bala M
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- Baldacchino M
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- Balila Rmh
- Balkan Aza
- Ballouhey Q
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- Balmaceda R
- Balmaceda R
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- Bamford R
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- Bamicha A
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- Bandoh D
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- Barakat Sae
- Barendegere V
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- Barmayehvar B
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- Barnacle J
- Barneo L
- Barrantes Ams
- Barreda Lma
- Barrientos Lam
- Barrios E
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- Barry J
- Basilicò
- Basir Erm
- Bassem M
- Bassit Ka
- Basso Sm
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- Batt J
- Bautista Acm
- Bautista Acm
- Bayram S
- Beamon M
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- Beaton C
- Bedada Ag
- Bediako-Bowan A
- Behar N
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- Beisa V
- Bekhet Ah
- Bekhet Nm
- Beleñ
- Belkouchi A
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- Benammi S
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- Benevento A
- Benger M
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- Benyaiche C
- Bermú
- Bernardo Cg
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- Bertuello I
- Beuran M
- Beuran M
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- Bezzina M
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- Bhangu A
- Bhargava A
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- Bhat S
- Bhatnagar A
- Bhattacharya S
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- Bhopal Kf
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- Billy M
- Birindelli A
- Birring A
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- Bjö
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- Blacker S
- Blackwell J
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- Blower E
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- Boakye-Yiadom K
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- Boddy A
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- Boggon A
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- Bond-Smith G
- Bondin J
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- Bondurri A
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- Borin E
- Bortolasi L
- Bortolasi L
- Boshnaq M
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- Bowling K
- Bowman C
- Boyce T
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- Bradulskis S
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- Cardozo Ram
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- Carpio J
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- Cassar K
- Castillo Vdp
- Castro Mr
- Catani M
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- Chai Fy
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- Chan Z
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- Chang Ky
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- Chiong Jac
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- Chun T
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- Chung S
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- Clegg-Lamptey Jn
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- Costa-Maia J
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- Da Silva LA
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- Dawnay G
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- Dayie M
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- De La Medina AR
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- Dell A
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- Depalma N
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- Der Y
- Dervenis C
- Despotidis V
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- Deutschmann P
- Devadasar Gh
- Dharamshi Ha
- Dhillon D
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- Di Martino N
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- Di Saverio S
- Diab A
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- Diaconescu Ib
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- Domini E
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- Dorismé
- Dos Santos DV
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- Duffy L
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- El Sayed IM
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- El-Ma&apos
- El-Rabaa S
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- El-Shahat Ns
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- Elabdin Hz
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- Elazayem Aa
- Elazoul M
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- Elbatahgy A
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- Eldin Mab
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- Elfeki H
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- Elkorashy Am
- Ellison Q
- Elmashala A
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- Elmihy S
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- Elrasoul Ya
- Elrazek Aa
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- Elsawahly Dme
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- Elsehimy M
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- Elshami M
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- Elshobary M
- Elsiddig M
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- Elwakil H
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- Elwan A
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- Elzahed N
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- Elzayat M
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- Emadeldin H
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- Emile S
- Eng C
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- Esam A
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- Essam A
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- Essam M
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- Estupinian S
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- Etchill E
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- Etman M
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- Ezzat T
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- Fahiem A
- Fahim M
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- Faraz A
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- Farhan-Alanie Mmh
- Farhangmehr N
- Farinella E
- Farmakis K
- Farooq T
- Farouk Sam
- Farquharson A
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- Fattah Aa
- Fatuga A
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- Faturoti O
- Faure A
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- Fawzy A
- Feidantsis T
- Felipe Co
- Fergany A
- Fergusson Sj
- Fergusson Sj
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- Fermani C
- Fermani Cg
- Ferná
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- Ferousis C
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- Ferrero E
- Fievet L
- Filatau A
- Findlay-Cooper K
- Firdouse M
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- Firwana A
- Fitsum A
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- Foco M
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- Foo Cc
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- Fozard T
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- Freitas Av
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- Gad Mo
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- Gaignard E
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- Gamil D
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- Gerosa A
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- Guevara R
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- Gulielmi A
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- Gustafsson U
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- Halhouli O
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- Halicioglu I
- Hall E
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- Hamarshi A
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- Hashim A
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- Huwait A
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- Iannone I
- Ibraheem Aa
- Ibraheem Hi
- Ibrahem Aa
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- Ibrahim A
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- Ibrahim A
- Ibrahim Am
- Ibrahim E
- Ibrahim Em
- Ibrahim I
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- Ibrahim M
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- Ihediwa G
- Imoro O
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- Kabariti R
- Kabariti R
- Kabba J
- Kabongo K
- Kache S
- Kaci Aa
- Kadiwar S
- Kalakouti E
- Kalles V
- Kalles V
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- Kamarulzamil Sna
- Kamil R
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- Kanani A
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- Karabelias G
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- Karahan Sr
- Karakahya M
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- Karim A
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- Karjiker P
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- Karlo R
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- Karousos D
- Karumnas P
- Kaselis N
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- Kasem E
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- Kasputyte S
- Kaul A
- Kazanavicius D
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- Kennedy Ed
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- Kershaw S
- Kesinger M
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- Khairy H
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- Khajanchi M
- Khaled H
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- Khalili M
- Khalique A
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- Khedr Aeh
- Khg Li
- Khoja A
- Khoja A
- Khokha D
- Khokha V
- Khosla S
- Khreishi R
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- Khulu Lb
- Khyrallh A
- Kiasat A
- Kidd T
- Kielty P
- Kim My
- Kim Sb
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- Kinandu K
- King R
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- Kirishnan A
- Kirupagaran A
- Kiudelis M
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- Klappenbach R
- Knight S
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- Kobal Bb
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- Kolosov A
- Komolafe O
- Kondrotas P
- Kong C
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- Kong V
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- Kontos M
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- Kosai Nr
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- Kose E
- Koskenvuo L
- Kostov E
- Kotb Ahe
- Kotecha D
- Koto Mz
- Kotobi H
- Koumpa F
- Kouraklis G
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- Kourdouli A
- Kretzmann H
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- Kushwaha S
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- Kwakyeafriyie P
- Kwatiwani C
- Kwizera S
- Kwok Sh
- Kyereh M
- Kyriazanos I
- Kyrou G
- Kyziridis D
- Ló
- L&apos
- La Brocca A
- la Medina AR
- la Medina AR
- la Medina AR
- Labib P
- Ladukas A
- Lafferty K
- Lagunavicius K
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- Lakhani Sm
- Lakshmi Hn
- Lam Fy
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- Lam Wh
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- Lanau Miv
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- Landolfo G
- Lap G
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- Lasek A
- Lasheen A
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- Latif A
- Laufer Lav
- Laugzemys E
- Laugzemys E
- Laurie K
- Lauzikas G
- Law Jh
- Lawal A
- Lawal Ao
- Lawal T
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- Lawani I
- Lawther R
- Lazzari G
- Lazzari V
- Leal A
- Leal M
- Lecompte Jf
- Lee C
- Lee Ex
- Lee F
- Lee K
- Lee Kc
- Lee Ky
- Lee Tsb
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- Leone N
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- Leppä
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- Leung Kw
- Leung Mf
- Leusink A
- Lewis J
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- Licari L
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- Lilford R
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- Lim G
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- Lim J
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- Limache S
- Limaye N
- Limoges B
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- Lipnickas V
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- Lo Conte A
- Loaloa Mr
- Lockey J
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- Loizides S
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- Lossius Wj
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- Luglio G
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- Lundgren Po
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- Má
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- Mabrouk M
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- Macchitella Y
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- Macfarlane A
- Machaca M
- Maciejec L
- Madiba T
- Madkor Mh
- Maffioli A
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- Magdy A
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- Magdy E
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- Mapasse D
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- Marey A
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- Margaritis M
- Mariani A
- Marinkovic B
- Marinos C
- Marks E
- Marples L
- Marret Jb
- Marshall Dc
- Martian Bv
- Martin A
- Mas R
- Mason C
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- Matheu A
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- Matos-Puig R
- Matta Jjh
- Mattar O
- Matter Sm
- Mauro L
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- Mentula P
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- Mihaljevic Al
- Mihanovic J
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- Milligan W
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- Miranda C
- Mircea H
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- Mironescu A
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- Mirza A
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- Mistry A
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- Mitroudi M
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- Modolo Mm
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- Mogan Yp
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- Mohamed A
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- Mohamed Ar
- Mohamed B
- Mohamed F
- Mohamed I
- Mohamed M
- Mohamed Ma
- Mohamed Maeh
- Mohamed Mm
- Mohamed O
- Mohamed Sr
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- Mohammad A
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- Mohammed H
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- Mohammed S
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- Molina G
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- Monaghan E
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- Monrad-Hansen Pw
- Montejo Msg
- Monteleone M
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- Montes I
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- Montrimaite M
- Montrimaite M
- Moodley Y
- Moore R
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- Mora Jjv
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- Moreira G
- Moreno Sc
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- Mosalum O
- Mostafa Ha
- Mostafa M
- Mostafa M
- Mousa M
- Moussa O
- Moustafa A
- Mouttalib S
- Mowafy B
- Mphatsoe Am
- Mshelbwala P
- Msiska N
- Msosa V
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- Muddebihal U
- Mukin Adf
- Muktar U
- Mukuzunga C
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- Nanthakumaran S
- Napolitano L
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- Naqvi Sa
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- Naranjo Aristizã
- Narayanan R
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- Ndajiwo A
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- Ndegwa W
- Ndlovu Sr
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- Negida A
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- Nepogodiev D
- Nepogodiev D
- Nepogodiev D
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- Nesaratnam A
- Nessa A
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- Nevieraite V
- Newton T
- Ng S
- Ng Yk
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- Njokanma I
- Nnajiuba H
- Nocito A
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- Nofal E
- Noor F
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- Notarnicola M
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- Nouh T
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- Noukpozounkou B
- Novak A
- Nowers J
- Nsengimana Vjp
- Nsengiyumva C
- Ntirenganya F
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- Nurqistan Hd
- Nwabuoku E
- Nwinee V
- Nwokoro C
- Nyberg J
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- O&apos
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- Odeyemi B
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- Odutola O
- Ogunsua O
- Ogunyemi A
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- Olaolorun A
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- Raza A
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- Redgrave N
- Redota Map
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- Rouse T
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- Runigamugabo E
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- Sahel S
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- Salama M
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- Saleh O
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- Salleh A
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- Sallinen V
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- Salma M
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- Salma U
- Salman A
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- Sam Zh
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- Samaniego Cs
- Samaraweera Di
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- Sampson C
- Samson G
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- Sasia D
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- Scalabre A
- Scalabre A
- Schadde E
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- Schiavone R
- Schivo D
- Schmid R
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- Semeda N
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- Senanayake Kj
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- Septiem Jg
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- Setiawan J
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- Sfougaris D
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- Shah A
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- Shaharuddin S
- Shahbaz Ar
- Shaheen A
- Shahine A
- Shahzad N
- Shaikh N
- Shaikh S
- Shaker H
- Shaker R
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- Tarek D
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- Tata Md
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- Teasdale E
- Teasdale E
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- To K
- Todd O
- Toeema Ag
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- Torres Cpg
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- Yavuz Ma
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- Yeung Mha
- Yifieyeh A
- Yildirim R
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- Publication venue
- 'Wiley'
- Publication date
- 27/11/2018
- Field of study
Background
End colostomy rates following colorectal resection vary across institutions in high-income settings, being influenced by patient, disease, surgeon and system factors. This study aimed to assess global variation in end colostomy rates after left-sided colorectal resection.
Methods
This study comprised an analysis of GlobalSurg-1 and -2 international, prospective, observational cohort studies (2014, 2016), including consecutive adult patients undergoing elective or emergency left-sided colorectal resection within discrete 2-week windows. Countries were grouped into high-, middle- and low-income tertiles according to the United Nations Human Development Index (HDI). Factors associated with colostomy formation versus primary anastomosis were explored using a multilevel, multivariable logistic regression model.
Results
In total, 1635 patients from 242 hospitals in 57 countries undergoing left-sided colorectal resection were included: 113 (6·9 per cent) from low-HDI, 254 (15·5 per cent) from middle-HDI and 1268 (77·6 per cent) from high-HDI countries. There was a higher proportion of patients with perforated disease (57·5, 40·9 and 35·4 per cent; P < 0·001) and subsequent use of end colostomy (52·2, 24·8 and 18·9 per cent; P < 0·001) in low- compared with middle- and high-HDI settings. The association with colostomy use in low-HDI settings persisted (odds ratio (OR) 3·20, 95 per cent c.i. 1·35 to 7·57; P = 0·008) after risk adjustment for malignant disease (OR 2·34, 1·65 to 3·32; P < 0·001), emergency surgery (OR 4·08, 2·73 to 6·10; P < 0·001), time to operation at least 48 h (OR 1·99, 1·28 to 3·09; P = 0·002) and disease perforation (OR 4·00, 2·81 to 5·69; P < 0·001).
Conclusion
Global differences existed in the proportion of patients receiving end stomas after left-sided colorectal resection based on income, which went beyond case mix alone
Integral basis of pure prime degree number fields
- Publication venue
- 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC'
- Publication date
- Field of study
The exchange condition for association schemes
- Publication venue
- 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC'
- Publication date
- Field of study
Evaluation of climate model aerosol seasonal and spatial variability over Africa using AERONET
- Author
- Publication venue
- 'Copernicus GmbH'
- Publication date
- 01/11/2017
- Field of study
The sensitivity of climate models to the characterization of African aerosol
particles is poorly understood. Africa is a major source of dust and biomass
burning aerosols and this represents an important research gap in
understanding the impact of aerosols on radiative forcing of the climate
system. Here we evaluate the current representation of aerosol particles in
the Conformal Cubic Atmospheric Model (CCAM) with ground-based remote
retrievals across Africa, and additionally provide an analysis of observed
aerosol optical depth at 550 nm (AOD550 nm) and Ångström exponent
data from 34 Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) sites. Analysis of
the 34 long-term AERONET sites confirms the importance of dust and biomass
burning emissions to the seasonal cycle and magnitude of AOD550 nm across
the continent and the transport of these emissions to regions outside of the
continent. In general, CCAM captures the seasonality of the AERONET data
across the continent. The magnitude of modeled and observed multiyear
monthly average AOD550 nm overlap within ±1 standard deviation of
each other for at least 7 months at all sites except the Réunion St
Denis Island site (Réunion St. Denis).
The timing of modeled peak AOD550 nm in southern Africa occurs 1 month
prior to the observed peak, which does not align with the timing of maximum
fire counts in the region. For the western and northern African sites, it is
evident that CCAM currently overestimates dust in some regions while others
(e.g., the Arabian Peninsula) are better characterized. This may be due to
overestimated dust lifetime, or that the characterization of the soil for
these areas needs to be updated with local information. The CCAM simulated
AOD550 nm for the global domain is within the spread of previously
published results from CMIP5 and AeroCom experiments for black carbon,
organic carbon, and sulfate aerosols. The model's performance provides
confidence for using the model to estimate large-scale regional impacts of
African aerosols on radiative forcing, but local feedbacks between dust
aerosols and climate over northern Africa and the Mediterranean may be
overestimated
The Green Chemistry Initiative’s contributions to education at the University of Toronto and beyond
- Author
- Publication venue
- 'Informa UK Limited'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2019
- Field of study
The Green Chemistry Initiative (GCI) is a student-led group founded in 2012 with the primary mission of promoting green chemistry education at the University of Toronto. In order to achieve this, the GCI’s activities have included undergraduate curriculum development, arrangement of an external speaker seminar series, and organization of an annual three-day symposium along with biweekly trivia challenges. To broaden education beyond the Department of Chemistry, a successful YouTube video campaign articulating the Twelve Principles of Green Chemistry in an accessible manner has also been undertaken (acquiring over 40,000 views), in addition to monthly blog posts and conference/outreach presentations. Descriptions of these activities are discussed in this paper, along with the resulting impact they have had. Through such efforts, undergraduate and graduate students are showing a growing understanding of the relevance of green chemistry in today’s world, with the GCI serving as a platform for similar groups to build upon across Canada
Induktion und vollständige Induktion
- Author
- Publication venue
- 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC'
- Publication date
- 01/01/1989
- Field of study