Uncertainties and controversies in axillary management of patients with breast cancer

The aims of this Oncoplastic Breast Consortium and European Breast Cancer Research Association of Surgical Trialists initiative were to identify uncertainties and controversies in axillary management of early breast cancer and to recommend appropriate strategies to address them. By use of Delphi methods, 15 questions were prioritized by more than 250 breast surgeons, patient advocates and radiation oncologists from 60 countries. Subsequently, a global virtual consensus panel considered available data, ongoing studies and resource utilization. It agreed that research should no longer be prioritized for standardization of axillary imaging, de-escalation of axillary surgery in node-positive cancer and risk evaluation of modern surgery and radiotherapy. Instead, expert consensus recommendations for clinical practice should be based on current evidence and updated once results from ongoing studies become available. Research on de-escalation of radiotherapy and identification of the most relevant endpoints in axillary management should encompass a meta-analysis to identify knowledge gaps, followed by a Delphi process to prioritize and a consensus conference to refine recommendations for specific trial designs. Finally, treatment of residual nodal disease after surgery was recommended to be assessed in a prospective register

Oncoplastic breast consortium recommendations for mastectomy and whole breast reconstruction in the setting of post-mastectomy radiation therapy

Aim: Demand for nipple-and skin-sparing mastectomy (NSM/SSM) with immediate breast reconstruction (BR) has increased at the same time as indications for post-mastectomy radiation therapy (PMRT) have broadened. The aim of the Oncoplastic Breast Consortium initiative was to address relevant questions arising with this clinically challenging scenario. Methods: A large global panel of oncologic, oncoplastic and reconstructive breast surgeons, patient advocates and radiation oncologists developed recommendations for clinical practice in an iterative process based on the principles of Delphi methodology. Results: The panel agreed that surgical technique for NSM/SSM should not be formally modified when PMRT is planned with preference for autologous over implant-based BR due to lower risk of long-term complications and support for immediate and delayed-immediate reconstructive approaches. Nevertheless, it was strongly believed that PMRT is not an absolute contraindication for implant-based or other types of BR, but no specific recom-mendations regarding implant positioning, use of mesh or timing were made due to absence of high-quality evidence. The panel endorsed use of patient-reported outcomes in clinical practice. It was acknowledged that the shape and size of reconstructed breasts can hinder radiotherapy planning and attention to details of PMRT techniques is important in determining aesthetic outcomes after immediate BR. Conclusions: The panel endorsed the need for prospective, ideally randomised phase III studies and for surgical and radiation oncology teams to work together for determination of optimal sequencing and techniques for PMRT for each patient in the context of BRPeer reviewe

Early-infantile onset epilepsy and developmental delay caused by bi-allelic GAD1 variants.

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate are the most abundant amino acid neurotransmitters in the brain. GABA, an inhibitory neurotransmitter, is synthesized by glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD). Its predominant isoform GAD67, contributes up to ∼90% of base-level GABA in the CNS, and is encoded by the GAD1 gene. Disruption of GAD1 results in an imbalance of inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmitters, and as Gad1-/- mice die neonatally of severe cleft palate, it has not been possible to determine any potential neurological dysfunction. Furthermore, little is known about the consequence of GAD1 disruption in humans. Here we present six affected individuals from six unrelated families, carrying bi-allelic GAD1 variants, presenting with developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, characterized by early-infantile onset epilepsy and hypotonia with additional variable non-CNS manifestations such as skeletal abnormalities, dysmorphic features and cleft palate. Our findings highlight an important role for GAD1 in seizure induction, neuronal and extraneuronal development, and introduce GAD1 as a new gene associated with developmental and epileptic encephalopathy

Dierk Lange, Chronologie et histoire d'un royaume africain

Person Yves. Dierk Lange, Chronologie et histoire d'un royaume africain. In: Annales. Économies, Sociétés, Civilisations. 40ᵉ année, N. 6, 1985. pp. 1412-1413

William Tordoff. — Ashanti under the Prempehs (1888-1935)

Person Yves. William Tordoff. — Ashanti under the Prempehs (1888-1935). In: Revue française d'histoire d'outre-mer, tome 52, n°188-189, troisième et quatrième trimestres 1965. pp. 455-457

Documentes sobre os Portugueses em Moçambique e na Africa central

Person Yves. Documentes sobre os Portugueses em Moçambique e na Africa central. In: Revue française d'histoire d'outre-mer, tome 52, n°188-189, troisième et quatrième trimestres 1965. p. 455

La jeunesse de Samori

Person Yves. La jeunesse de Samori. In: Revue française d'histoire d'outre-mer, tome 49, n°175, deuxième trimestre 1962. pp. 151-180

Pour un socialisme de la diversité

La lecture du texte de Berthoud et Sabelli m’a donné l’impression qu’une percée se faisait sur le terrain de l’anthropologie économique. Et ceci, malgré une écriture souvent trop abstraite, ce qui devrait poser un problème aux auteurs, car il est clair que ces problèmes ne sont pas seulement d’ordre épistémologique. Leurs apports majeurs sont évidemment la logique sociale générale qui empêche l’isolement du secteur économique dans cette perspective utilitaire que le capitalisme s’est efforcé ..

Hubert Deschamps et l'Histoire africaine

Person Yves. Hubert Deschamps et l'Histoire africaine. In: Revue française d'histoire d'outre-mer, tome 66, n°242-243, 1er et 2e trimestres 1979. pp. 11-14