Exosome membrane bound TNF-receptor for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that causes painful inflammation of the synovium of the patient’s joints. However, current treatments for RA have a variety of drawbacks. They often are ineffective, expensive, invasive, risky, cause an immune response, and/ or only provide short term relief. Thus, we developed a new treatment for preventing inflammation: TNF-receptors anchored onto exosome surfaces. Exosomes are nanovesicles that are naturally secreted by most of the cells in our bodies. The many benefits of using exosomes include non-immunogenicity, natural stability in the body, and non-invasiveness. We have demonstrated that exosome membrane bound TNF-receptors have the ability to prevent inflammation in mammalian cells. The success of this project could lead to a clinically effective treatment of rheumatoid arthritis as well as other inflammatory diseases by opening the doors to further research and development of exosomal therapies

Instructional support and demands: Helping teachers help students meet increasing academic standards

Suggests a framework for pre-service and in-service teachers to help them think about the constellation of demands new policy initiatives would impose on students. Kinds of instructional supports; Compensations; Theme of problems; Re-examination of data

Books Reviewed

Reviews of Why Men Rebel, The Mugging and The police and the Publi

Letter to the Homemaker Staff

Dear Homemaker Staff: I\u27m glad you\u27re interested in learning more about the newspaper phase of home economics. Although my experience is limited, I can give you the view of the field as seen by an apprentice from her desk in the Marian Manners Department of the Los Angeles Times

Three essays on connections between personal life and economic outcomes

2018 Spring.Includes bibliographical references.The theme of this collection is the intersection of individuals' personal lives and economic lives. Personal traits may be influenced by gender, life events, and socioeconomic class. Personal traits can affect productivity and therefore are important in determining what happens in the labor market. In other words, what happens at work and what happens at home are not entirely separate. The first essay explores how sexual orientation and sexual experiences are related to individual income. Previous literature indicates that gay, lesbian, and bisexual (LGB) individuals experience an income differential when compared with heterosexuals. Recent data indicate that self-identification as an LGB individual and/or same-sex sexual behavior are still correlated with a lower income, however, not all of the results are statistically significant. In addition, there is a statistically significant negative income differential of 32% for men who report having had a same sex partner at some point, but identify as straight/heterosexual. The second essay analyzes parental divorce and how this may affect children later in life. Previous literature indicates that a multitude of issues exist for children whose parents divorced. The impact of parental divorce on children's income later in life is tested. Results from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) indicate that negative income effects from parental divorce persist for young men, however, young women and older age groups do not experience negative impacts on income. The third essay investigates a relationship between student loan debt and probability of marriage. Using the Baccalaureate and Beyond Survey 2008-2012, and with gender differences in mind, the impact of student loan repayment burden on the probability of marriage occurring in the four years following graduation is tested. Results indicate that increased payment-to-income ratio on student loan debt is negatively related to the probability of getting married for women who indicate a delay in marriage due to education debt