Egological study of the phenomenon of subjective space

The article presents a phenomenological analysis of the space of transcendental subjectivity. The relevance of this study is to form an idea of the internal spatial structures of the pure I. The purpose of this study is to identify the complex nature of self-consciousness. To achieve this goal, the egological analysis was based on a mereological approach, which prepares the consideration of the space of pure consciousness from the point of view of the whole, composed of parts. The application of spatial categories to the pure Self is based on the expansion of the proximity space. The results obtained indicate the need to create an egology of space in order to study the nature of spatial vision. The proposed research focuses not on the variety of available spaces, but on the process in which their formation takes place in subjective spatial vision. The influence of the subjective factor on the understanding of space is demonstrated by the example of mathematics. The mathematical notion of “proximity space” is subjected to a phenomenological extension, which reveals the phenomenon of spatiality of the pure I, or the inner space of the subject, which reflects the hierarchy of preferences or evaluations. The primary spatial structure of pure consciousness is revealed, which is the division of pure I into two parts. The splitting of the Self into two constituent parts and its representation in the form of a spatial model with its top and bottom is funded by a deeper phenomenon — subjective spatiality. This structure can serve as a foundation for the subsequent correlative study of objective and subjective factors influencing the formation of various egological structures. Based on the analysis, a conclusion is made about the essential relationship of the pure I and the inner space. The importance of this conclusion is supported by an analysis of Husserl’s works, in which he touches upon the issues of the spatiality of transcendental subjectivity. The scientific novelty of the proposed work is that the distinction between absolute and relative intimacy is introduced into egological research. Only within the framework of relative intimacy is it possible to observe and systematically investigate the pure I. In the absolute position it remains anonymous because of its extreme intimacy

On the geometry of the domain of the solution of nonlinear Cauchy problem

We consider the Cauchy problem for a second order quasi-linear partial differential equation with an admissible parabolic degeneration such that the given functions described the initial conditions are defined on a closed interval. We study also a variant of the inverse problem of the Cauchy problem and prove that the considered inverse problem has a solution under certain regularity condition. We illustrate the Cauchy and the inverse problems in some interesting examples such that the families of the characteristic curves have either common envelopes or singular points. In these cases the definition domain of the solution of the differential equation contains a gap.Comment: accepted for publication in the book Lie groups, differential equations and geometry in Springer Unip

First and second-type self-similar solutions of implosions and explosions containing ultra-relativistic shocks

We derive self similar solutions for ultra-relativistic shock waves propagating into cold material of powerlaw density profile in radius rho ~ r^-k. We treat both implosions and explosions in three geometries: planar, cylindrical and spherical. For spherical explosions these are the first type solutions of Blandford and McKee for k<4 and the second type solutions found by Best and Sari for k>5-sqrt(3/4). In addition we find new, hollow (with evacuated interior), first type solutions that may be applicable for 4<k<17/4. This ``sequence'' with increasing k of first type solutions, hollow first type solutions, and then second type solutions is reminiscent of the non-relativistic sequence. However, while in the non relativistic case there is a range of k which corresponds to a ``gap'' - a range in $k$ with neither first nor second type solutions which separates the hollow first type solutions and the second type solutions, here there is an ``overlap'': a range of k for which current considerations allow for both hollow first and second type solutions. Further understanding is needed to determine which of the two solutions apply in this overlap regime. We provide similar exploration for the other geometries and for imploding configurations. Interestingly, we find a gap for imploding spherical shocks and exploding planar shocks and an overlap for imploding planar solutions. Cylindrical configurations have no hollow solutions and exhibit direct transition from first type to second type solutions, without a gap or an overlap region.Comment: Submitted to Physics of Fluids, March

АЛГОРИТМ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ РАДИОМОРФОМЕТРИЧЕСКИХ ИНДЕКСОВ НИЖНЕЙ ЧЕЛЮСТИ ПО ДАННЫМ КОНУСНО-ЛУЧЕВОЙ КОМПЬЮТЕРНОЙ ТОМОГРАФИИ

Alveolar bone quality of the jaws plays a decisive role in the successful integration of dental implants. Changes in bone structure of the jaws directly depend on the age, state of the dental unit and reflect processes occurring throughout the skeleton, including systemic osteoporosis. The study is developed a method of determining radiomorphometric indices of the mandible (MI, MCI, PMI), correlated with bone mineral density of the axial skeleton, based on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). A comparative analysis of the efficacy of CBCT and orthopantomography for index evaluation has been done.Качество костной ткани альвеолярных отделов челюстей играет определяющую роль в успешной интеграции дентальных имплантатов. Изменения структуры костной ткани челюстей находятся в прямой зависимости от возраста, состояния зубочелюстного аппарата и отражают процессы, происходящие во всем скелете, в том числе системный остеопороз. В исследовании разработана методика определения радиоморфометрических индексов нижней челюсти (ментального MI, мандибулярно-кортикального MCI и панорамно-мандибулярного PMI), коррелирующих с минеральной костной плотностью осевого скелета, на основе данных конусно-лучевой компьютерной томографии (КЛКТ). Проведен сравнительный анализ эффективности применения КЛКТ и ортопантомографии для оценки данных индексов

Magnetic relaxation in the Bianchi-I universe

Extended Einstein-Maxwell model and its application to the problem of evolution of magnetized Bianchi-I Universe are considered. The evolution of medium magnetization is governed by a relaxation type extended constitutive equation. The series of exact solutions to the extended master equations is obtained and discussed. The anisotropic expansion of the Bianchi-I Universe is shown to become non-monotonic (accelerated/decelerated) in both principal directions (along the magnetic field and orthogonal to it). A specific type of expansion, the so-called evolution with hidden magnetic field, is shown to appear when the magnetization effectively screens the magnetic field and the latter disappears from the equations for gravitational field.Comment: 32 page

Dynamic Evolution Model of Isothermal Voids and Shocks

We explore self-similar hydrodynamic evolution of central voids embedded in an isothermal gas of spherical symmetry under the self-gravity. More specifically, we study voids expanding at constant radial speeds in an isothermal gas and construct all types of possible void solutions without or with shocks in surrounding envelopes. We examine properties of void boundaries and outer envelopes. Voids without shocks are all bounded by overdense shells and either inflows or outflows in the outer envelope may occur. These solutions, referred to as type $\mathcal{X}$ void solutions, are further divided into subtypes $\mathcal{X}_{\rm I}$ and $\mathcal{X}_{\rm II}$ according to their characteristic behaviours across the sonic critical line (SCL). Void solutions with shocks in envelopes are referred to as type $\mathcal{Z}$ voids and can have both dense and quasi-smooth edges. Asymptotically, outflows, breezes, inflows, accretions and static outer envelopes may all surround such type $\mathcal{Z}$ voids. Both cases of constant and varying temperatures across isothermal shock fronts are analyzed; they are referred to as types $\mathcal{Z}_{\rm I}$ and $\mathcal{Z}_{\rm II}$ void shock solutions. We apply the `phase net matching procedure' to construct various self-similar void solutions. We also present analysis on void generation mechanisms and describe several astrophysical applications. By including self-gravity, gas pressure and shocks, our isothermal self-similar void (ISSV) model is adaptable to various astrophysical systems such as planetary nebulae, hot bubbles and superbubbles in the interstellar medium as well as supernova remnants.Comment: 24 pages, 13 figuers, accepted by ApS

Dynamic Evolution of a Quasi-Spherical General Polytropic Magnetofluid with Self-Gravity

In various astrophysical contexts, we analyze self-similar behaviours of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) evolution of a quasi-spherical polytropic magnetized gas under self-gravity with the specific entropy conserved along streamlines. In particular, this MHD model analysis frees the scaling parameter $n$ in the conventional polytropic self-similar transformation from the constraint of $n+\gamma=2$ with $\gamma$ being the polytropic index and therefore substantially generalizes earlier analysis results on polytropic gas dynamics that has a constant specific entropy everywhere in space at all time. On the basis of the self-similar nonlinear MHD ordinary differential equations, we examine behaviours of the magnetosonic critical curves, the MHD shock conditions, and various asymptotic solutions. We then construct global semi-complete self-similar MHD solutions using a combination of analytical and numerical means and indicate plausible astrophysical applications of these magnetized flow solutions with or without MHD shocks.Comment: 21 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in APS

New Potentialities for Utilization of Associated Petroleum Gases in Power Generation and Chemicals Production

New possibilities for the utilization of associated petroleum gases (APG) and monetization of small-scale and remote Natural Gas resources by power generation and chemicals production are considered and tested. One possibility is the oxy-cracking of APG. This technology allows selective transformation of heavier hydrocarbons that have low octane (methane) numbers and inclined to soot and tar formation, into lighter compounds with higher octane numbers, thus producing gas suitable to feed different types of power engines. Another possibility is the small-scale conversion of APG to syngas to produce more easily transportable and more valuable chemicals or liquid fuels via well-known Fischer–Tropsch process or catalytic synthesis of methanol. For this purpose we have suggested principally new technology for natural gases conversion into syngas, based on the use of 3D (volumetric) matrixes. It allows the relative simple and very compact non-catalytic reformers to be designed for small-scale gas-to liquid (GTL) technologies. Their main advantages are autothermal character of the process without any need in additional heating or power supply, absence of catalyst that allows processing hydrocarbon gases of practically any composition, including APG, without additional pretreatment, very high specific volume capacity, at any rate 10 times higher than that of steam reforming, and simplicity in construction and operation

Коррекция протеолитической и коагулянтной активности фагоцитов у больных с посттравматическим гемотораксом

Patients with traumatic haemopleura display severe impairment of proteolytic and coagulative phagocytes activities in peripheral blood and inflammatory focus. Those with infectious haemopleura prevalently show high coagulative activity of blood monocytes, inhibition of their proteolysis and low coagulative activity of pulmonary macrophages. Monocytes do not have coagulative activity and macrophages preserve their coagulative potential in the inflammatory focus in patients with coagulative haemopleura. Different usage of proteolytic activators and inhibitors based on the determination of the proteolytic and coagulative phagocytes activities in the peripheral blood and the inflammatory focus enables the efficacy of medication to be enhanced and outcomes of the disease to be improved in patients with traumatic haemopleura.У больных с инфицированным гемотораксом преобладала высокая коагулянтная активность моноцитов, сниженная коагулянтная активность макрофагов, повышалась протеолитическая активность  нейтрофилов лаважной жидкости из плевральной полости. У большинства пациентов со свернувшимся гемотораксом моноциты крови сохраняли свой противосвертывающий потенциал, а макрофаги обладали высокой коагулянтной активностью. Протеолитическая активность нейтрофилов лаважной жидкости из плевральной полости была ниже, чем у больных с инфицированным гемотораксом. Дифференцированная коррекция протеолитической и коагулянтной активности фагоцитов лаважной жидкости из плевральной полости с учетом вида гемоторакса улучшает исходы заболевания

A search for resonant production of ttˉt\bar{t} pairs in $4.8\ \rm{fb}^{-1}ofintegratedluminosityof of integrated luminosity of p\bar{p}collisionsat collisions at \sqrt{s}=1.96\ \rm{TeV}$

We search for resonant production of tt pairs in 4.8 fb^{-1} integrated luminosity of ppbar collision data at sqrt{s}=1.96 TeV in the lepton+jets decay channel, where one top quark decays leptonically and the other hadronically. A matrix element reconstruction technique is used; for each event a probability density function (pdf) of the ttbar candidate invariant mass is sampled. These pdfs are used to construct a likelihood function, whereby the cross section for resonant ttbar production is estimated, given a hypothetical resonance mass and width. The data indicate no evidence of resonant production of ttbar pairs. A benchmark model of leptophobic Z \rightarrow ttbar is excluded with m_{Z'} < 900 GeV at 95% confidence level.Comment: accepted for publication in Physical Review D Sep 21, 201