RADIO FREQUENCY DATA IDENTIFICATION TECHNOLOGY: POTENTIAL FOR USE IN FASHION INDUSTRY SUPPLY CHAINS

The issues related to the use of RFID technology in the supply chains of the fashion industry have been considered. The prospects of using this technology in the supply chains of the fashion industry are related to a number of features that characterize the industry. Such features include a high product range and its rapid turnover, rapid changes in purchasing preferences, and the need to respond quickly to changes in consumer demand. Traditionally, RFID technology is used to identify data in warehouse logistics or company distribution system, but the scope of application of this technology in the fashion industry is constantly expanding. The technology can be used to increase the transparency and security of supply chains, marketing research and in other areas. It has been also emphasized that the joint application of RFID technology with other digital technologies, such as blockchain, is promising. Some restrictions related to the application of technology in the industry have been also highlighted

Clinical and economic analysis of the application of the method of three-dimensional reconstruction of lung tissue in the practice of tuberculosis institution

Background. The use of clinical and economic analysis in practical healthcare allows for a more rational use of the resources allocated by the state and contributes to the achievement of optimal indicators in terms of the quality of disease identification and the effectiveness of its treatment. Aim. To conduct a clinical and economic analysis of the prospects for introducing the 3D lung reconstruction method into tuberculosis practice, which is used to correct the level of adherence, reduce the severity of symptoms of anxiety and depression, and increase the effectiveness of chemotherapy. Materials and methods. In this scientific work, the results of treatment (more than 90 people) of newly diagnosed patients with destructive pulmonary tuberculosis, which were observed in the Nizhny Novgorod Regional Clinical Tuberculosis Dispensary, were used. The patients were divided into two groups. For the 1st group of patients, tactile lung models were made, among them a questionnaire was conducted using the MMAS-4 questionnaire and the HADS scale. For patients of the 2nd group, lung models were not made, and no survey was conducted. Each group was assessed the effectiveness of chemotherapy. Clinical and economic analysis of the cost of introducing the method of three-dimensional lung reconstruction into tuberculosis practice was carried out on the basis of two evaluation criteria «cost – effectiveness» and «cost-effectiveness increment» with additional mathematical calculations of the necessary indicators. The results obtained were compared with the existing known method of increasing adherence to tuberculosis treatment - the issuance of food packages. Results. Based on the results of the study, it was proved that the use of tactile models of the lungs in phthisiatric practice is more than 8 times cheaper than the method of issuing food kits with, in fact, comparable results of treatment effectiveness. If there is a need to increase the effectiveness of the treatment of tuberculosis patients by increasing the subsidy of food packages, the cost of one additional percent of efficiency is not economically viable. Conclusion. The clinical and economic analysis of the prospects for introducing the method of three-dimensional lung reconstruction into phthisiatric practice presented in the paper looks promising, which is confirmed by the performed mathematical calculations and comparisons, and can be recommended for use in the routine practice of phthisiatricians to correct the level of adherence of tuberculosis patients to chemotherapy, reduce the severity symptoms of anxiety and depression, as well as an increase in the effectiveness of treatment

DEFINITION OF PRESSURE INTRAMYOCARDIAL AS A METHOD FOR EVALUATING MORPHOFUNCTIONAL STATE STRUCTURE OF THE HEART AT DIFFERENT STAGES OF ONTOGENESIS

Intramyocardial pressure structures of the heart is determined by qualitative and. quantita-tive characteristics of its constituent structural elements. Correlation analysis revealed that the formation of stress-strain states in addition to cardiomyocytes affect fibers of connective tissue

A Study of Embryotoxic, Foetotoxic, and Teratogenic Effects of the Original Antituberculosis Agent Thiozonide in Pregnant Rabbits

Several treatment regimens with antituberculosis medicinal products are available for tuberculosis. Thiozonide is a newly developed original antimicrobial agent that exhibits bacteriostatic activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains H37Rv, CN-37, CN-40, and MS-115.The aim of the study was to investigate the embryotoxic, foetotoxic, and teratogenic effects of thiozonide in pregnant rabbits.Materials and methods. The study involved 66 pregnant rabbits (4 groups of 16–17 animals each). The rabbits received oral thiozonide from day 6 to day 19 of gestation at doses of 20.6 mg/kg (1 TD (therapeutic dose)), 103 mg/kg (5 TDs), and 206 mg/kg (10 TDs). The control group received a 1% starch solution. The authors conducted a macroscopic examination of the reproductive organs and a histological evaluation of the placenta in eutha nised pregnant rabbits. Live foetuses underwent a check for developmental abnormalities, a skeletal development evaluation with a modified Dawson’s method, and a histologic examination of the internal organs.Results. The study showed no clinical signs of toxicity and no mortality associated with thiozonide in pregnant rabbits across all dose groups. Macroscopic and histological examinations revealed no pathological changes in the reproductive organs of pregnant rabbits. The evaluation of embryotoxic and foetotoxic effects did not identify any differences between the foetuses of the animals assigned to different doses of thiozonide and the control group. The authors found no developmental abnormalities in the foetuses. Examinations of foetal skeleton development and internal organ condition identified no differences between the groups and no abnormalities. The authors registered the death of all foetuses (late resorption) in one rabbit from the 206 mg/kg group. Therefore, the 103 mg/kg dose (5 TDs) was selected as a reasonable No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL).Conclusions. Thiozonide has no embryotoxic, foetotoxic, or teratogenic effects

Unmanned aerial vehicles: potential for use in the storage systems of industrial companies

In the article, the authors investigate the problem of using unmanned aerial vehicles (drones) in company warehouses and consider their use as one of the ways to optimize the logistics business processes of companies. Technologies are considered, on the basis of which modern unmanned aerial vehicles, drone models of various companies, the main functionality of drone’s work. The authors high-light the strengths and weaknesses of unmanned aerial vehicles, key factors determining the success of the use of drones, and favorable conditions for their use in warehouses. The authors are considering the possibility of sharing drones and RFID technology. Barriers to the active introduction of drones into the logistics business processes of warehousing systems and requirements for warehouse complexes planning the use of unmanned aerial objects have been identified. Promising areas of application of technology in warehouse logistics are also considered: creation of anti-theft and fire protection systems, using drones to read CIS marks. The authors used data from analytical reports and data collected by the authors themselves, as well as empirical research methods

МЕЧЕТЬ КАК ЦЕНТР ОБЩЕСТВЕННОЙ ЖИЗНИ УММЫ ПРИВОЛЖСКОГО ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОГО ОКРУГА

The article is devoted to the study of the sociocultural phenomenon of the mosque by considering it as a place of prayer and also as a center of social life of the Muslim Ummah. The article describes the historical development of mosques as a sort of political centre for the Islamic community, as well as the transformation of the role of mosques in the life of nowadays Muslims. The authors give a brief description of the largest mosques that are located within the Middle East, the European Union and the Russian Federation, who claim the role of the center of social life of Muslims. On the example of the Volga Federal district and its capital city of Nizhny Novgorod, the authors analyzed the contribution of mosques in social and political life of the Muslim Ummah, and also gave some recommendations to solve the existing problems of mosques that interfere with the normal development and functioning of the Muslim Ummah in the region.Статья посвящена исследованию социокультурного феномена мечети посредством рассмотрения ее не только как места совершения молитвы, но и как центра общественной жизни уммы. В статье изложено историческое становление мечетей как своего рода политического центра для исламской общины, а также показана трансформация роли мечетей в жизни современного мусульманина. Дана краткая характеристика крупнейших мечетей, располагающихся на территории Ближнего Востока, Евросоюза, а также Российской Федерации, которые претендуют на роль центров общественной жизни мусульман. На примере Приволжского федерального округа и его столицы — Нижнего Новгорода — авторы проанализировали вклад мечетей в общественно-политическую жизнь уммы, а также дали некоторые рекомендации для решения существующих проблем мечетей, которые препятствуют нормальному развитию и функционированию мусульманской общины региона

Soft modes of collective domain-wall vibrations in epitaxial ferroelectric thin films

Mechanical restoring forces acting on ferroelastic domain walls displaced from the equilibrium positions in epitaxial films are calculated for various modes of their cooperative translational oscillations. For vibrations of the domain-wall superlattice with the wave vectors corresponding to the center and boundaries of the first Brillouin zone, the soft modes are singled out that are distinguished by a minimum magnitude of the restoring force. It is shown that, in polydomain ferroelectric thin films, the soft modes of wall vibrations may create enormously large contribution to the film permittivity.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figure

ЦИРКОНЫ ИЗ ПОРОД МУРЗИНСКО-АДУЙСКОГО МЕТАМОРФИЧЕСКОГО КОМПЛЕКСА (СРЕДНИЙ УРАЛ): ГЕОХИМИЯ, ТЕРМОМЕТРИЯ, ПОЛИХРОННОСТЬ, ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИЕ СЛЕДСТВИЯ

Transformation of the oceanic crust into the continental one in orogenic belts is an important problem in petrological studies. In the paleocontinental sector of the Urals, a key object for tracing the stages of metamorphism and investigating the origin of anatectic granites is the Murzinka-Adui metamorphic complex. We have analyzed trace elements in zircons and established their genesis, sources, crystallization conditions, and stages of metamorphic events and granite generation in this complex. Zircons compositions were determined by the LA-ICP-MS method. Temperatures were calculated from Ti contents in the zircons. We distinguish three geochemical types of zircons, which differ in the ratios of light and heavy REE, U, Th, Ti, Y and show different values of Ce- and Eu-anomalies and Zr/Hf ratios, which are indicative of different crystallization conditions, as follows. Type I: minimal total LREE content; clear negative Eu- and Ce- anomalies; features of magmatic genesis; crystallization temperatures from 629 to 782 °C. Type II: higher contents of Ti, La, and LREE; low Ce-anomaly; assumed crystallization from highly fluidized melts or solutions. Type III: low positive Eu-anomaly; high REE content; low Th/U-ratio; zircons are assumed to originate from a specific fluidized melt with a high Eu-concentration. Ancient relict zircons (2300–330 Ma) in gneisses and granites show features of magma genesis and belong to types I and II. Such grains were possibly inherited from granitoid sources with different SiO2 contents and different degrees of metamorphism. Based on the geological and petrogeochemical features and zircon geochemistry of the Murzinka-Adui complex, there are grounds to conclude that the material composing this complex was generated from the sialic crust. The main stages of metamorphism and/or granite generation, which are traceable from the changes in types and compositions of the zircons, are dated at 1639, 380–370, 330, and 276–246 Ma. Thus, transformation of the oceanic crust into the continental one was a long-term and complicated process, and, as a result, the thickness of the sialic crust is increased in the study area.Изучение процесса преобразования океанической коры в континентальную, идущего в орогенных поясах, – важный вопрос петрологии. Мурзинско-адуйский метаморфический комплекс, расположенный в палеоконтинентальном секторе Урала, является одним из ключевых объектов, где можно проследить этапы метаморфизма и сопряженного с ним анатектического гранитообразования. Цель работы – на основе анализа микроэлементного состава цирконов из гнейсов и жильных гранитов данного комплекса установить их генезис, источники, условия кристаллизации, уточнить этапность гранитообразования. Состав цирконов изучался методом LA-ICP-MS, температуры рассчитаны по содержанию титана в цирконе. Выделены три геохимических типа цирконов, различающихся соотношением легких и тяжелых РЗЭ, U, Th, Ti, Y, величинами Zr/Hf-отношения и аномалий Се и Eu, что предполагает разницу в условиях кристаллизации. Цирконы I типа содержат минимальное количество LREE, имеют ясные негативные аномалии Cе и Eu, обладают признаками магматического генезиса. Температура их кристаллизации составляет 629–782 °С. Цирконы II типа имеют более высокие содержания Ti, La, LREE, слабую аномалию Ce. Предполагается их кристаллизация из высокофлюидизированных расплавов или растворов. Цирконы III типа обладают слабой позитивной аномалией Eu, высокой суммой РЗЭ, низким Th/U-отношением и могли образоваться из особого флюидонасыщенного расплава с высокой концентрацией Eu. Древние реликтовые цирконы с широким разбросом возрастов (от 2300 до 330 млн лет) фиксируются в гнейсах и гранитах, имеют признаки магматического генезиса, соответствуя I и II типу. Они могли быть заимствованы из источников гранитоидного состава, имеющих разную основность или в разной степени преобразованных. Особенности строения мурзинско-адуйского комплекса, петрогеохимические параметры пород, геохимия цирконов указывают на сиалическую природу вещества, слагающего данный сегмент земной коры. Главные этапы метаморфизма и/или гранитообразования, которые нашли выражение в смене морфотипов и составов цирконов, отвечают 1639, 380–370, 330 и 276–246 млн лет, т.е. процесс континентализации был длительным, сложным и привел к повышенной мощности сиалической коры

In silico prediction of skin metabolism and its implication in toxicity assessment

Skin, being the largest organ of the body, represents an important route of exposure, not only for the abundance of chemicals present in the environment, but also for products designed for topical application such as drugs and personal care products. Determining whether such incidental or intentional exposure poses a risk to human health requires consideration of temporal concentration, both externally and internally, in addition to assessing the chemical’s intrinsic hazard. In order to elicit a toxic response in vivo the chemical must reach its site of action in sufficient concentration, as determined by its absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination (ADME) profile. Whilst absorption and distribution into and through skin layers have been studied for decades, only more recently has skin metabolism become a subject of intense research, now recognised as playing a key role in both toxification and detoxification processes. The majority of information on metabolic processes, however, has generally been acquired via studies performed on the liver. This paper outlines strategies that may be used to leverage current knowledge, gained from liver metabolism studies, to inform predictions for skin metabolism through understanding the differences in the enzymatic landscapes between skin and liver. The strategies outlined demonstrate how an array of in silico tools may be used in concert to resolve a significant challenge in predicting toxicity following dermal exposure. The use of in vitro methods for determining skin metabolism, both to provide further experimental data for modelling and to verify predictions is also discussed. Herein, information on skin metabolism is placed within the context of toxicity prediction for risk assessment, which requires consideration of both exposure and hazard of parent chemicals and their metabolites

Novel Quantitative Real-Time LCR for the Sensitive Detection of SNP Frequencies in Pooled DNA: Method Development, Evaluation and Application

BACKGROUND: Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) have proven to be powerful genetic markers for genetic applications in medicine, life science and agriculture. A variety of methods exist for SNP detection but few can quantify SNP frequencies when the mutated DNA molecules correspond to a small fraction of the wild-type DNA. Furthermore, there is no generally accepted gold standard for SNP quantification, and, in general, currently applied methods give inconsistent results in selected cohorts. In the present study we sought to develop a novel method for accurate detection and quantification of SNP in DNA pooled samples. METHODS: The development and evaluation of a novel Ligase Chain Reaction (LCR) protocol that uses a DNA-specific fluorescent dye to allow quantitative real-time analysis is described. Different reaction components and thermocycling parameters affecting the efficiency and specificity of LCR were examined. Several protocols, including gap-LCR modifications, were evaluated using plasmid standard and genomic DNA pools. A protocol of choice was identified and applied for the quantification of a polymorphism at codon 136 of the ovine PRNP gene that is associated with susceptibility to a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy in sheep. CONCLUSIONS: The real-time LCR protocol developed in the present study showed high sensitivity, accuracy, reproducibility and a wide dynamic range of SNP quantification in different DNA pools. The limits of detection and quantification of SNP frequencies were 0.085% and 0.35%, respectively. SIGNIFICANCE: The proposed real-time LCR protocol is applicable when sensitive detection and accurate quantification of low copy number mutations in DNA pools is needed. Examples include oncogenes and tumour suppressor genes, infectious diseases, pathogenic bacteria, fungal species, viral mutants, drug resistance resulting from point mutations, and genetically modified organisms in food