12 research outputs found

    POLINIZAÇÃO DE Malvaviscus penduliflorus DC. (MALVACEAE) EM ÁREA DE PRESERVAÇÃO E EM ÁREA URBANA EM MOGI DAS CRUZES-SP, BRASIL

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    Malvaviscus penduliflorus DC. (Malvaceae) Ă© exĂłtica para o Brasil e pode ser encontrada em ĂĄreas urbanas e cultivada como ornamental. A introdução indevida de espĂ©cies exĂłticas pode levar a alteraçÔes na fauna de visitantes e flora local, sendo os estudos que avaliam o potencial adaptativo e processo de naturalização importantes para elaboração de possĂ­veis estratĂ©gias de manejo. Assim, o presente estudo tem como objetivo definir a sĂ­ndrome floral de M. penduliflorus; identificar e descrever a ocorrĂȘncia dos visitantes florais e polinizadores no Campus da Universidade de Mogi das Cruzes e na Área de Preservação Parque Natural Municipal Francisco Affonso de Mello – PNMFAM. As observaçÔes foram realizadas durante 3 dias em cada local, totalizando 6 dias. A sĂ­ndrome floral foi definida como ornitofilia. Para o PNMFAM, predominaram abelhas nativas (Trigona spinipes) e 3 espĂ©cies de formigas nativas arborĂ­colas generalistas, alĂ©m do beija-flor sendo esse, o polinizador efetivo. Por outro lado na ĂĄrea urbana, as visitas da abelha exĂłtica Apis mellifera foram abundantes, alĂ©m de outros visitantes bioindicadores de ĂĄreas perturbadas destacando-se besouros da famĂ­lia Staphylinidae. Em ambas as ĂĄreas o comportamento dos visitantes foi tĂ­pico de pilhador e roubo de nĂ©ctar devido ao carĂĄter exĂłtico de M. penduliflorus, com exceção do beija-flor que atuou como polinizador, no entanto, com maior frequĂȘncia no PNMFAM indicando a frequente competição entre visitantes generalistas e polinizadores na ĂĄrea urbana

    PLANTAS ALIMENTÍCIAS NÃO-CONVENCIONAIS (PANCS) DO PARQUE NATURAL MUNICIPAL FRANCISCO AFFONSO DE MELLO, MOGI DAS CRUZES, SP

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    As Plantas Alimentícias Não-Convencionais (PANCS) são consideradas daninhas, no entanto apresentam grande importùncia nutricional e agrícola. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar um levantamento e elaborar um guia ilustrado das espécies de PANCs do Parque Natural Municipal Francisco Affonso de Mello (Mogi das Cruzes, SP). Os materiais foram coletados entre os meses de agosto de 2019 e janeiro de 2020 e analisados no Laboratório de Sistemåtica Vegetal (LSV) da Universidade de Mogi das Cruzes. Também foi indicado o grau de ameaça de extinção de acordo com Flora e Funga do Brasil 2022. Como resultados, foram encontradas 24 espécies distribuídas em 15 famílias botùnicas, sendo 18 destas nativas e uma em estado de ameaça de extinção. A partir desses resultados pode-se observar que o uso de PANCs pode ser uma forma de valorização das espécies nativas, além de enriquecer a diversidade alimentar da população. Quanto ao guia, este foi finalizado e encontra-se disponível em pdf

    Flora da Serra do CipĂł, Minas Gerais: Grewioideae (Malvaceae)

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    O presente estudo compĂ”e parte do projeto da Flora da Serra do CipĂł, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Atualmente, Grewioideae Ă© uma das nove subfamĂ­lias de Malvaceae. Morfologicamente, Grewioideae apresenta sĂ©palas distintas sem nectĂĄrios na base da face abaxial, presença de nectĂĄrios na base das pĂ©talas e no androginĂłforo, estames numerosos e anteras ditecas. Na ĂĄrea de estudo foram encontrados quatro gĂȘneros (Apeiba, Corchorus, Luehea e Triumfetta) e cinco espĂ©cies (A. tibourbou, C. hirtus, L. divaricata, L. grandiflora e T. semitriloba), diferenciadas principalmente pelo hĂĄbito de vida (ĂĄrvores ou arbustos), tamanho das flores e forma do fruto. Chaves de identificação em nĂ­vel especĂ­fico, bem como descriçÔes detalhadas, ilustraçÔes, comentĂĄrios taxonĂŽmicos e lista de materiais examinados sĂŁo apresentados.This study is part of the Project “Flora of the Serra do CipĂł, Minas Gerais, Brazil”. Grewioideae is one of nine subfamilies of Malvaceae. Distinct sepals without nectaries on the abaxial surface, presence of nectaries at the base of the petals and at the androgynophore, numerous stamens and dithecate anthers characterize Grewioideae. We found four genera (Apeiba, Corchorus, Luehea and Triumfetta) and five species (A. tibourbou, C. hirtus, L. divaricata, L. grandiflora and T. semitriloba) in the studied area. They differ in lifeform (trees or shrubs), flower size and fruit shape. Identification keys to identify genera and species, detailed descriptions, illustrations, taxonomic comments and a list of examined specimens are provided

    Flora of the Serra do CipĂł, Minas Gerais: Bombacoideae (Malvaceae)

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    O presente estudo compĂ”e parte do projeto da Flora da Serra do CipĂł, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Atualmente, Bombacoideae Ă© uma das nove subfamĂ­lias de Malvaceae sensu lato, cuja sinapomorfia Ă© a presença de um tecido nectarĂ­fero situado internamente na base do cĂĄlice, nas pĂ©talas ou atĂ© mesmo no androginĂłforo. A subfamĂ­lia apresenta indivĂ­duos em sua maioria arbĂłreos e Ă© caracterizada pela presença de folhas compostas. Na ĂĄrea de estudo foram encontrados trĂȘs gĂȘneros (Ceiba, Eriotheca e Pseudobombax) e oito espĂ©cies (C. pubiflora, C. speciosa, E. candolleana, E. macrophylla, E. pubescens, P. campestre, P. longiflorum e Pseudobombax majus), diferenciados principalmente por caracteres florais (nĂșmero de estames e se totalmente concrescidos ou nĂŁo no tubo estaminal, tamanho e cor das pĂ©talas), e quanto Ă  presença de folĂ­olos articulados ou inarticulados, sendo o gĂȘnero Eriotheca o mais representativo. Chaves de identificação em nĂ­vel genĂ©rico e especĂ­fico, bem como descriçÔes detalhadas, ilustraçÔes, comentĂĄrios taxonĂŽmicos e lista de materiais examinados sĂŁo apresentados.This study is part of the Project “Flora of the Serra do CipĂł, Minas Gerais, Brazil”. Bombacoideae is one of nine subfamilies of Malvaceae sensu lato, characterized by a nectariferous tissue situated inside on the base of the calyx, on petals or on the androgynophore. Trees with compound leaves characterize the subfamily. Three genera (Ceiba, Eriotheca and Pseudobombax) and eight species (C. pubiflora, C. speciosa, E. candolleana, E. macrophylla, E. pubescens, P. campestre, P. longiflorum and P. majus) were found in the studied area. They differ by floral characters such as number of free or united stamens in the staminal tube and by articulate or inarticulate leaflets. Eriotheca and Pseudobombax were the most representatives. Keys to identify genera and species, detailed descriptions, illustrations, taxonomic comments and a list of examined specimens are provided

    Flora of the Serra do CipĂł, Minas Gerais: Malvoideae (Malvaceae)

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    O presente estudo compĂ”e parte do projeto “Flora da Serra do CipĂł, Minas Gerais, Brasil”. Malvoideae representa a maior das nove subfamĂ­lias de Malvaceae sensu lato. Como carĂĄter diagnĂłstico da subfamĂ­lia hĂĄ a presença de frutos esquizocĂĄrpicos ou cĂĄpsula, no entanto, algumas caracterĂ­sticas tĂ­picas nĂŁo-sinapomorficas podem ser encontradas em Malvoideae, sendo elas a presença de folha simples inteiras, partidas ou lobadas, epicĂĄlice geralmente presente, estames geralmente numerosos em um tubo estaminal, flores congestas ou solitĂĄrias no ĂĄpice ou na axila dos ramos. Na ĂĄrea de estudo foram encontrados dez gĂȘneros (Abutilon, Gaya, Herissantia, Hibiscus, Malvastrum, Pavonia, Peltaea, Quararibea, Sida e Wissadula) e 27 espĂ©cies, sendo diferenciados principalmente pela presença de epicĂĄlice, caracterĂ­sticas do fruto e mericarpos. O gĂȘnero Sida se mostrou mais frequente, com dez espĂ©cies. Chaves de identificação em nĂ­vel genĂ©rico e especĂ­fico, bem como descriçÔes detalhadas, ilustraçÔes, comentĂĄrios taxonĂŽmicos e lista de material examinado sĂŁo tambĂ©m apresentados. A partir disso, a monografia de Malvaceae para a Serra do CipĂł Ă© finalizada, sendo incluĂ­da uma chave de identificação de subfamĂ­lias neste trabalho.This study is part of the Project “Flora of the Serra do CipĂł, Minas Gerais, Brazil”. Malvoideae currently represents the largest of the nine subfamilies of Malvaceae sensu lato. Diagnostic features of the subfamily are the schizocarpic or capsule fruits; however, there are some non-synapomorphics characteristics, usually found in Malvoideae, being the presence of whole, simple or lobed leaves, epicalyx often present, numerous stamens in a staminal tube, gamosepalous flowers, congested or solitary at the apex or in the axil of the branches. Ten genera (Abutilon, Gaya, Herissantia, Hibiscus, Malvastrum, Pavonia, Peltaea, Quararibea, Sida and Wissadula) and 27 species were found in the studied area, and they were differentiated mainly by the presence or absence of an epicalyx, features of the fruits and mericarps. The genus Sida was more frequent, with ten species. Identification keys for the genera and species, detailed descriptions, illustrations, taxonomic comments and a list of examined specimens are also provided

    The Comet Interceptor Mission

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    Here we describe the novel, multi-point Comet Interceptor mission. It is dedicated to the exploration of a little-processed long-period comet, possibly entering the inner Solar System for the first time, or to encounter an interstellar object originating at another star. The objectives of the mission are to address the following questions: What are the surface composition, shape, morphology, and structure of the target object? What is the composition of the gas and dust in the coma, its connection to the nucleus, and the nature of its interaction with the solar wind? The mission was proposed to the European Space Agency in 2018, and formally adopted by the agency in June 2022, for launch in 2029 together with the Ariel mission. Comet Interceptor will take advantage of the opportunity presented by ESA’s F-Class call for fast, flexible, low-cost missions to which it was proposed. The call required a launch to a halo orbit around the Sun-Earth L2 point. The mission can take advantage of this placement to wait for the discovery of a suitable comet reachable with its minimum ΔV capability of 600 ms−1. Comet Interceptor will be unique in encountering and studying, at a nominal closest approach distance of 1000 km, a comet that represents a near-pristine sample of material from the formation of the Solar System. It will also add a capability that no previous cometary mission has had, which is to deploy two sub-probes – B1, provided by the Japanese space agency, JAXA, and B2 – that will follow different trajectories through the coma. While the main probe passes at a nominal 1000 km distance, probes B1 and B2 will follow different chords through the coma at distances of 850 km and 400 km, respectively. The result will be unique, simultaneous, spatially resolved information of the 3-dimensional properties of the target comet and its interaction with the space environment. We present the mission’s science background leading to these objectives, as well as an overview of the scientific instruments, mission design, and schedule

    ATLANTIC EPIPHYTES: a data set of vascular and non-vascular epiphyte plants and lichens from the Atlantic Forest

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    Epiphytes are hyper-diverse and one of the frequently undervalued life forms in plant surveys and biodiversity inventories. Epiphytes of the Atlantic Forest, one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world, have high endemism and radiated recently in the Pliocene. We aimed to (1) compile an extensive Atlantic Forest data set on vascular, non-vascular plants (including hemiepiphytes), and lichen epiphyte species occurrence and abundance; (2) describe the epiphyte distribution in the Atlantic Forest, in order to indicate future sampling efforts. Our work presents the first epiphyte data set with information on abundance and occurrence of epiphyte phorophyte species. All data compiled here come from three main sources provided by the authors: published sources (comprising peer-reviewed articles, books, and theses), unpublished data, and herbarium data. We compiled a data set composed of 2,095 species, from 89,270 holo/hemiepiphyte records, in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, recorded from 1824 to early 2018. Most of the records were from qualitative data (occurrence only, 88%), well distributed throughout the Atlantic Forest. For quantitative records, the most common sampling method was individual trees (71%), followed by plot sampling (19%), and transect sampling (10%). Angiosperms (81%) were the most frequently registered group, and Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae were the families with the greatest number of records (27,272 and 21,945, respectively). Ferns and Lycophytes presented fewer records than Angiosperms, and Polypodiaceae were the most recorded family, and more concentrated in the Southern and Southeastern regions. Data on non-vascular plants and lichens were scarce, with a few disjunct records concentrated in the Northeastern region of the Atlantic Forest. For all non-vascular plant records, Lejeuneaceae, a family of liverworts, was the most recorded family. We hope that our effort to organize scattered epiphyte data help advance the knowledge of epiphyte ecology, as well as our understanding of macroecological and biogeographical patterns in the Atlantic Forest. No copyright restrictions are associated with the data set. Please cite this Ecology Data Paper if the data are used in publication and teaching events. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ

    Two new species of Pachira (Bombacoideae, Malvaceae) and typification of Pachira patinoi

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    Abstract We aimed to describe two new species endemic to Brazil - one from sandy habitats in northeastern Brazil (Pachira inaequalivalvis), mainly characterized by fruits with unequal valves, and the other from Amazonian rainforest (P. deflexifolia, having the downward-oriented leaflets) - and provide complete morphological descriptions, illustrations, comments, conservation status, and distribution maps. We also designate a lectotype and an epitype for Pachira patinoi

    Sida uniaristata

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