Propagation of Blood Function Errors to the Estimates of Kinetic Parameters with Dynamic PET

Dynamic PET, in contrast to static PET, can identify temporal variations in the radiotracer concentration. Mathematical modeling of the tissue of interest in dynamic PET can be simplified using compartment models as a linear system where the time activity curve of a specific tissue is the convolution of the tracer concentration in the plasma and the impulse response of the tissue containing kinetic parameters. Since the arterial sampling of blood to acquire the value of tracer concentration is invasive, blind methods to estimate both blood input function and kinetic parameters have recently drawn attention. Several methods have been developed, but the effect of accuracy of the estimated blood function on the estimation of the kinetic parameters is not studied. In this paper, we present a method to compute the error in the kinetic parameter estimates caused by the error in the blood input function. Computer simulations show that analytical expressions we derive are sufficiently close to results obtained from numerical methods. Our findings are important to observe the effect of the blood function on kinetic parameter estimation, but also useful to evaluate various blind methods and observe the dependence of kinetic parameter estimates to certain parts of the blood function

Preservice teachers' perceptions about their problem solving skills in the scenario based blended learning environment

The purpose of this study is to determine how to react everyday lives problems in general. In the study, a pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design was used. The study group consisted of 37 students who were registered for Teacher Experience Course of Computer & Instructional Technologies Education in their 8th semester. In order to collect data The Problem Solving Inventory, a 6 point likert scale with 35 items was used. The scale was completed by the participants both at the beginning and at the end of the 8th semester. In the study as an online learning environment, MODDLE which is a learning management system was used. At the beginning of the semester students who would go to the public primary institutions once a week were randomly assigned to one of the five schools. In the study, participants were given scenarios once a week, totally 8 scenarios and wanted to generate solutions for these problems. Scenarios and solutions were discussed at the face to face courses, semiweekly and gave feedback to them about their solutions by the researchers. At last week, the period of Teaching Practice and generated solutions according to presented problems were assessed, and participants were wanted to respond the scale again. Descriptive statistics and t-test statistical technique were used to analysis of data. The result of the study indicated that there is a significant difference in favour of average points of posttest

Implementasi Pengenaan Tarif Akad Nikah (Studi Kasus Penyelenggaraan Pernikahan di KUA Kec. Mantingan Kab. Ngawi dalam Perspektif Peraturan Pemerintah No. 48 Tahun 2014)

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendiskripsikan implementasi pengenaan tarif akad nikah di KUA Kecamatan Mantingan Kabupaten Ngawi dalam memberikan pelayanan penyelenggaraan pernikahan.Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu dengan teknik wawancara, observasi, dan telaah dokumen atau arsip. Teknik untuk menguji validitas atau keabsahan data dilakukakn dengan triangulasi, khususnya triangulasi sumber data dan triangulasi teknik pengumpulan data. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menerapkan model analisis interaktif melalui proses pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa 1) Menurut Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 48 Tahun 2014 tentang Perubahan atas Peraturan pemerintah nomor 47 tahun 2004 tentang tarif atas jenis Penerimaan Negara Bukan Pajak Yang Berlaku Pada Departemen Agama bahwa nikah atau rujuk di Kantor Urusan Agama pada hari dan jam kerja dikenakan tarif 0 (nol) rupiah, 2) bahwa melaksanakan akad nikah di KUA sangatlah simple, dan apabila akad nikah dilaksanakan di rumah cukup mahal, 3) masyarakat juga mendapatkan kepastian soal tarif nikah sehingga tidak ada yang dirugikan karena terbuka dan transparan

Image processing with the fractional Fourier transform: synthesis, compression and perspective projections

Ankara : Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering and the Institute of Engineering and Sciences of Bilkent Univ., 2000.Thesis (Master's) -- Bilkent University, 2000.Includes bibliographical references leaves 50-55In this work, first we give a summary of the fractional Fourier transform including its definition, important properties, generalization to two-dimensions and its discrete counterpart. After that, we repeat the concept of filtering in the fractional Fourier domains and give multi-stage and multi-channel filtering configurations. Due to the nonlinear nature of the problem, the transform orders in fractional Fourier domain filtering configurations have usually not been optimized but chosen uniformly up to date. We discuss the optimization of orders in the multi-channel filtering configuration. In the next part of this thesis, we discuss the application of fractional Fourier transform based filtering configurations to image representation and compression. Next, we introduce the fractional Fourier domain decomposition for continuous signals and systems. In the last part, we analyse perspective projections in the space-frequency plane and show that under certain conditions they can be approximately modeled in terms of the fractional Fourier transform.Yetik, I ŞamilM.S

Perspective projections in the space-frequency plane and fractional Fourier transforms

Cataloged from PDF version of article.Perspective projections in the space-frequency plane are analyzed, and it is shown that under certain conditions they can he approximately modeled in terms of the fractional Fourier transform, The region of validity of the approximation is examined. Numerical examples are presented. (C) 2000 Optical Society of Americ

Hydrogen sulfide:a novel mechanism for the vascular protection by resveratrol under oxidative stress in mouse aorta

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) decreases bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO) and impairs NO-dependent relaxations. Like NO, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an antioxidant and vasodilator; however, the effect of ROS on H2S-induced relaxations is unknown. Here we investigated whether ROS altered the effect of H2S on vascular tone in mouse aorta and determined whether resveratrol (RVT) protects it via H2S. Pyrogallol induced ROS formation. It also decreased H2S formation and relaxation induced by l-cysteine and in mouse aorta. Pyrogallol did not alter sodium hydrogensulfide (NaHS)-induced relaxation suggesting that the pyrogallol effect on l-cysteine relaxations was due to endogenous H2S formation. RVT inhibited ROS formation, enhanced l-cysteine-induced relaxations and increased H2S level in aortas exposed to pyrogallol suggesting that RVT protects against "H2S-dysfunctions" by inducing H2S formation. Indeed, H2S synthesis inhibitor AOAA inhibited the protective effects of RVT. RVT had no effect on Ach-induced relaxation that is NO dependent and the stimulatory effect of RVT on H2S-dependent relaxation was also independent of NO. These results demonstrate that oxidative stress impairs endogenous H2S-induced relaxations and RVT offers protection by inducing H2S suggesting that targeting endogenous H2S pathway may prevent vascular dysfunctions associated by oxidative stress

A novel mutation of KIF11 in a child with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome associated with MCLMR

Microcephaly with or without chorioretinopathy, lymphedema, or mental retardation (MCLMR; OMIM 152950) is a rare autosomal dominantly inherited syndrome. Mutations in the kinesin family member 11 (KIF11) gene have been associated with this condition. Here, we report a de novo novel heterozygous missense mutation in exon 12 of the KIF11 gene [c.1402T>G; p.(Leu468Val)] in a boy with 22q11.2 microdeletion syndrome. His major features were microcephaly, ventricular septal defect, congenital lymphedema of the feet, and distinct facial appearance including upslanting palpebral fissures, a broad nose with rounded tip, anteverted nares, long philtrum with a thin upper lip, pointed chin, and prominent ears. His right eye was enucleated due to subretinal hemorrhage and retinal detachment at age 3 months. Lacunae of chorioretinal atrophy and the pale optic disc were present in the left eye. He also had a de novo 1.6-Mb microdeletion in the Di George/VCFS region of chromosome 22q11.2 in SNP array, which was confirmed by FISH analysis. In this study, for the first time, we describe the co-occurrence of a KIF11 mutation and 22q11.2 deletion syndrome in a patient with MCLMR