臨床栄養学教育に患者の視点に立った倫理観育成をいかに組み込むかについての試み

In consideration of the current medical practice, clinical ethics are helpful and necessary to all medical staff members, including nutritionists and dietitians. However, students studying clinical nutrition have few opportunities to be exposed to real clinical settings or clinical training, without which they cannot understand the feelings and thoughts of patients．Therefore, we tried to incorporate opportunities for clinical exposure into administrative dietitian education, with a focus on patient insights. We have been providing diversified opportunities for students to participate in the clinical activities in hemodialysis clinics and to design hemodialysis regimen-based diets for patients. Fortunately, these changes in motivation and focus on patient insights have been well received; leading the students for 3 consecutive years to win the prize in a hemodialysis dietary recipe contest which is open to the public. From the outcome of these experiences, we believe that practice methods exposing students in clinical nutrition courses to patient-centered ethics would be highly educational and useful

コミュニティ再編に果たす食育の役割と意義

In Japan, during to the explosive growth of economic condition after the war, traditional regional human relationship in the community has been considered to lose its place. As rapid Westernization proceeds, flooding of new culture and lifestyle including sufficient supply of junk food forced Japanese traditional food culture and subsided style of human relationship to be apparently outdated and useless. However, on occasions of large-scale nationwide disasters like earthquakes, we inevitably come to recollect the importance and necessity of mutual support and collaboration in community as indispensable issues. Now people have realized that recovery of the traditional food culture and human relationship within the community to be crucial to overcome the most difficult obstacles when people suffer from such disasters. The author considers that it would be helpful to take the opportunity of conversation and communication during the common eating situation, for the restoration and preservation of human relationship. It will also harvest the sense of health, compassion and mutual understanding. Enhancement of connection between people not only for supporting with each other but also to harbor empowerment, would contribute to the social regeneration. In this paper, some historical review and consideration of roles played by food culture among the communities are made for the restoration of human relationship in community. A potential action plan for this end is also proposed

VISUAL-CC system uncovers the role of GSK3 as an orchestrator of vascular cell type ratio in plants

The phloem transports photosynthetic assimilates and signalling molecules. It mainly consists of sieve elements (SEs), which act as "highways" for transport, and companion cells (CCs), which serve as "gates" to load/unload cargos. Though SEs and CCs function together, it remains unknown what determines the ratio of SE/CC in the phloem. Here we develop a new culture system for CC differentiation in Arabidopsis named VISUAL-CC, which almost mimics the process of the SE-CC complex formation. Comparative expression analysis in VISUAL-CC reveals that SE and CC differentiation tends to show negative correlation, while total phloem differentiation is unchanged. This varying SE/CC ratio is largely dependent on GSK3 kinase activity. Indeed, gsk3 hextuple mutants possess many more SEs and fewer CCs, whereas gsk3 gain-of-function mutants partially increase the CC number. Taken together, GSK3 activity appears to function as a cell-fate switch in the phloem, thereby balancing the SE/CC ratio. Tamaki et al. develop VISUAL-CC to study SE-CC (sieve elements-companion cells) complex formation. They show that the balance in the SE/CC ratio is dependent on GSK3 activity using different genetic backgrounds. Their work provides insights on the role of GSK3 as a cell-fate switch in the phloem.Peer reviewe

Implementasi Permendagri Nomor 15 Tahun 2008 Tentang Pengarusutamaan Gender pada Jenjang Pendidikan Dasar di Kota Malang

Windra Rizkiyana1 & Wahyu Widodo21 Mahasiswa & 2Staf Pengajar Program Pasca Sarjana, Universitas Muhammadiyah MalangAlamat Korespondensi : Jl. Bandung No.1 MalangEmail: [email protected] education, still found a gender gap regarding both aspects of the expansion of educationalaccess and equity, quality and relevance of education and management. The purpose of this studywere: (1) describe the substance Permendagri No. 15 of 2008 on Gender Mainstreaming; (2) describethe implementation of Permendagri No. 15 of 2008 on Gender Mainstreaming in Elementary Educationin Malang; (3) Analyze the obstacles encountered in implementation Permendagri No. 15 of 2008 onGender Mainstreaming in Elementary Education in Malang. This type of research is a descriptiveanalysis, using a qualitative approach that is supported by a quantitative approach. And the techniquesof data acolllection through by interviews and the documents. Study sites are in Malang EducationDepartment. Analysis of the data used is descriptive analysis of qualitative and quantitative theorysupported by Gender Analysis Pathway (GAP), Content Analysis and Root Analysis. Implementationof Permendagri No 15 of 2008 about gender mainstreaming in basic education levels in Malang hasnot been optimal. These proved by the remains of gender inequality or gap that occurs in all threeaspects, that access and educational equity, quality and relevance of education, as well as accountabilityand governance. Constraints encountered in implementation Permendagri No. 15 of 2008 on gendermainstreaming in elementary education in Malang include: (a) Outreach activities that are specificallyabout the PUG in primary education has not been done; (b) The budget is not specifically formainstreaming activities; (c) newly formed working group PUG.Key word: Permendagri No. 15 of 2008, gender mainstreaming, basic educatio

The Impact of Regulatory and Tax Changes on Alcoholic Beverages on the Structure of Demand for Alcoholic Beverages: Focusing on the 2003 Tax Rate Changes for Beer-Based Beverages

departmental bulletin pape

BRCA1 establishes DNA damage signaling and pericentric heterochromatin of the X chromosome in male meiosis

During meiosis, DNA damage response (DDR) proteins induce transcriptional silencing of unsynapsed chromatin, including the constitutively unsynapsed XY chromosomes in males. DDR proteins are also implicated in double strand break repair during meiotic recombination. Here, we address the function of the breast cancer susceptibility gene Brca1 in meiotic silencing and recombination in mice. Unlike in somatic cells, in which homologous recombination defects of Brca1 mutants are rescued by 53bp1 deletion, the absence of 53BP1 did not rescue the meiotic failure seen in Brca1 mutant males. Further, BRCA1 promotes amplification and spreading of DDR components, including ATR and TOPBP1, along XY chromosome axes and promotes establishment of pericentric heterochromatin on the X chromosome. We propose that BRCA1-dependent establishment of X-pericentric heterochromatin is critical for XY body morphogenesis and subsequent meiotic progression. In contrast, BRCA1 plays a relatively minor role in meiotic recombination, and female Brca1 mutants are fertile. We infer that the major meiotic role of BRCA1 is to promote the dramatic chromatin changes required for formation and function of the XY body