Les scandales bancaires au prisme de l'éthique : une comparaison franco-turque

Le postulat que le gouvernement de l'entreprise peut changer quelque chose aux scandales liés à la vie des affaires tend à constituer une sorte de vulgate aujourd'hui. Quand il est appliqué aux banques, s'ajoute alors un second postulat qui est que les banques seraient des entreprises “ indépendantes ”, comparables à n'importe quelle P.M.E., ignorant à la fois sa dimension de “ Corporation ” et la société dans laquelle s'inscrit son activité.En effet, quel que soit le pays, le tissu dense des réglementations joue un rôle majeur, avant même les catégories du gouvernement de l'entreprise apparues depuis, qui ne jouent alors qu'un rôle très “ formel ”. C'est donc le jeu social qui se développe autour de ces réglementations qui est important, comme on le verra par la suite.La question de l'éthique des comportements des banques se pose donc avant tout en relation avec les réglementations et le jeu social des banques entre elles et compte tenu de leurs liens avec les gouvernements et des acteurs tels que les “ hommes d'affaires ”, leur réputation, les cabinets d'audit etc...C'est ce que l'on verra ici en liaison avec l'analyse “ chronologique ” d'un moment de l'histoire du Crédit Lyonnais, analyse qui relève plus de l'enquête que de l'étude de cas au sens où on l'entend classiquement. Et après l'enquête intervient le procès, comme cela a d'ailleurs été le cas !Ethique des affaires; France; Scandales bancaires; Turquie

Governing at a distance to change corporate social responsibility discourse: navigating through institutions and actors

© 2024 The Authors. Published by Wiley. This is an open access article available under a Creative Commons licence. The published version can be accessed at the following link on the publisher’s website: https://doi.org/10.1002/jsc.257

Diffusion of sustainability and CSR discourse in hospitality industry: dynamics of local context

Purpose: Our focus is on the way in which sustainability and CSR discourses and practices emerge in the collaboration of MNCs with the local hotels in developing country contexts. The paper identifies the prevailing institutional orders and logics that bring about CSR and sustainability discourse in tourism industry in Turkey. It also investigates how and to what extent the CSR and sustainability practices align with the local institutional logics and necessities. Design: Empirical evidence is generated through case studies covering Hilton Worldwide Holdings Inc. (Hilton), its Turkish subsidiary and a local hotel chain to ensure data triangulation. Primary data was collected through interviews with the executives of the selected case hotels, which was supported by extensive secondary data. Findings: Some components of CSR and sustainability logics developed in the headquarters diffuse into local affiliate hotel, not all. Local affiliate hotels seek to acquire local legitimacy in their host environment, despite a standard format imposed by their headquarters. Local necessities and priorities translate themselves into such initiatives in a very limited way in the affiliates of the Hilton where there is mostly a top down approach. Similar approach has also been observed in the case of the local hotel which is part of a family business group. Family’s values and family business headquarter shape the CSR and sustainability strategy and the logics reflecting the local component. Originality/value: Through this study, we are able to add further value to the critical writings about the positive contribution of CSR and sustainability in the context of the MNCs and their subsidiaries, which is not substantiated due to limited empirical evidence

Between a rock and a hard place: corporate elites in the context of religion and secularism in Turkey

Drawing on discourse analyses of 36 in-depth interviews with elite business people from Turkey, the study identifies the networking patterns of new and established business elites in the context of economic liberalization and socioreligious transformation of the country. Through a comparative analysis of the so-called secular and religious elite networks, we demonstrate the role of institutional actors such as the government, and identity networks, based on religion and place of birth in shaping the form and content of social networks among business elites in Turkey. In order to achieve this, we operationalize Bourdieu's notion of theory of practice and Granovetter's theory of social networks, illustrating the utility of combining these approaches in explicating the form and content of social networks in their situated contexts, in which power and divergent interests are negotiated.Galatasaray University Research Fund [grant number 12.102.005]

CSR and leadership approaches and practices: a comparative inquiry of owners and professional executives

This is an accepted manuscript of an article published by Wiley in European Management Review on 20/08/2018, available online: https://doi.org/10.1111/emre.12318 The accepted version of the publication may differ from the final published version.This study generates comparative insights into CSR approaches of owners and non-kin professional executives in an emerging country context, Turkey. Drawing on 61 interviews, we found that ownership status of the executive is crucial in shaping their CSR perceptions and practices. Owner-executives are empowered in pursuing CSR approaches based on their personal preferences and values; they have mostly societal aims. Professionals display tendency for company-related CSR practice; they exhibit greater knowledge of CSR, and their CSR initiatives are the results of strategic choices to enhance their power within the corporation. Our paper contributes to the debate on the drivers for CSR by accounting for both societal and individual influences on the CSR agency of these two key groups of executives. First, we develop a typology of CSR approaches of owners and professionals. Second, we provide insights from an emerging country context. Third, we present empirically grounded practice implications for CSR

Transformation or retaining the status quo: Multinational hospitality companies and SME collaboration on sustainability in emerging countries

© 2023 IGI Global. This is a chapter published by IGI Global in Handbook of Research on Sustainable Tourism and Hotel Operations in Global Hypercompetition, edited by Hakan Sezerel & Bryan Christiansen, available online: https://www.igi-global.com/gateway/book/291267 For reuse please see the publisher's terms and conditions: https://www.igi-global.com/about/rights-permissions/content-reuse/This chapter focuses on the dynamics of MHC-SME collaboration on sustainability in an emerging country context. The findings show that MHC sustainability policy is generally driven from headquarters and that economic sustainability has priority over environmental and social sustainability. By contrast, SMEs appear to be able to initiate fully sustainable strategies based on the culture, tradition, family history, industry, and ethical standing of the owners. The interaction of MHCs and SMEs in relation to sustainability involves varying factors at the macro, meso, and micro levels. However, the micro level factor (i.e., human agency) seems to be the determining factor of the relationship. The authors provide rich contextual data by adopting a qualitative research method (case study) based on primary data, which is rare in international business literature

Does board independence influence financial performance in IPO firms? The moderating role of the national business system

Prior evidence suggests that board independence may enhance financial performance, but this relationship has been tested almost exclusively for Anglo-American countries. To explore the boundary conditions of this prominent governance mechanism, we examine the impact of the formal and information institutions of 18 national business systems on the board independence-financial performance relationship. Our results show that while the direct effect of independence is weak, national-level institutions significantly moderate the independence-performance relationship. Our findings suggest that the efficacy of board structures is likely to be contingent on the specific national context, but the type of legal system is insignificant

A Primer on Corporate Governance Turkey

A Primer on Corporate Governance: Turkey takes an in-depth and comprehensive assessment of corporate governance in Turkey, at a cross section in time when the country is going through major multidimensional transformations. Turkey is denoted as a country of contrasts with respect to its performance on economic and social dimensions. The recent changes in the economy as well as its structural characteristics are presented in the first part of the book. This is crucial for a holistic understanding of the Turkish business system embedded in a dynamic but at times erratic economic context that influences all the governance practices at public and private sectors. History is another dimension to fully grasp the essential traits of the business system and its governance attributes. Hence, the historical antecedents of Turkish corporate governance are provided to the readers as a background in the first part of the book. Building on this background, external and internal mechanisms of corporate governance are discussed in the subsequent chapters. Legal system of the country, its company laws, regulatory authorities, and the state of the market for corporate control, as well as the socio-cultural norms, ways of doing business, and the Turkish code of good governance are examined as the external mechanisms shaping the corporate governance practices of companies. Characteristics of the board of directors, ownership structure, and management teams of Turkish companies are analyzed as internal control mechanisms. The last part of the book includes a conclusion section, discussing current and future corporate governance challenges in the Turkish business context. Keywords boards of directors, CEOs, emerging economy, history of Turkish corporate governance, ownership structure, state and governance, Turkey, Turkish business cultur

Foreign equity configurations in an emerging country: Implications for performance

Summary The aim of this study is to compare and contrast the control characteristics and performance implications of different levels of foreign equity involvement in an emerging country. It is proposed that foreign investors' assessment of behavioral and contextual uncertainties in the host environment shape these configurations. Different levels of foreign involvement are represented in three foreign ownership configurations, namely foreign majority, shared equity, and foreign minority. Data consists of 164 firm-year observations for the period 1999-2002 at the Istanbul Stock Exchange. We provide evidence on the presence of distinct configurations which vary in their ability to meet the requirements of the institutional context. Among these, the shared equity configuration is found to display superior performance, by virtue of responding both to the efficiency concerns of transaction cost theory and the legitimacy focus of institutional theory.Foreign equity Emerging country Institutional theory Transaction cost theory Turkey