El Naranjo de Bulnes - Peñasanta

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La gent gran als centres penitenciaris

Una falsa certesa que transcendeix a la societat és que la gent gran no té una capacitat criminal rellevant. Els últims anys s’ha constatat un augment de la població presa de més de seixanta anys, circumstància que està associada, especialment, a l’increment de la longevitat. A més, aquest sector de la població té moltes més necessitats i demandes que els joves, i són influenciades, sens dubte, per les condicions ambientals carceràries que agreujaran els processos d’envelliment. Això no obstant, no s’identifiquen ni mòduls especials ni recursos específics que puguin satisfer les necessitats de la gent gran interna. Aquesta mancança provoca que sorgeixin, d’una banda, tot un seguit de limitacions i problemes associats, i, de l’altra, problemes vinculats a l’edat, com poden ser un augment prou significatiu de les limitacions i dels trastorns. Aquest article fa un repàs jurídic a les principals disposicions i als articles que es refereixen a aquell col·lectiu, i també analitza les característiques principals dels presos d’edat avançada. Entre les estratègies principals es recomanen polítiques sanitàries de prevenció que impedeixin l’elevat desenvolupament de patologies i així, combinat amb una millora de la qualitat de vida, s’evitarien els elevats costos que arrosseguen. Això a banda, es recomana que es revisin els protocols d’excarceració i que se n’avaluïn els beneficis, no solament per als presos grans, sinó també per a la comunitat. Així mateix, es proposen una sèrie d’estratègies que millorarien les intervencions actuals: més acompanyament familiar, millores en la interacció amb altres interns joves i programes de reinserció específics per als més grans, entre d’altres.Una falsa certeza que trasciende a la sociedad es que las personas mayores no poseen una capacidad criminal relevante. En los últimos años se identifica un incremento de la población reclusa mayor de sesenta años, asociado, especialmente, a un incremento de la longevidad. Pero además este sector de la población presenta un conjunto de necesidades y de demandas mayor que los más jóvenes, influenciadas, sin duda, por las condiciones ambientales carcelarias que exarcerbarán los procesos de envejecimiento. Sin embargo, no se identifican ni módulos especiales ni recursos específicos que puedan satisfacer las necesidades de los presos mayores, por lo que se desarrollan toda una serie de limitaciones y problemáticas que se vincularan a esas carencias, por un lado, y a los problemas asociados a la edad, por otro, así como un significativo incremento de limitaciones y trastornos. Este artículo realiza un repaso jurídico a las principales disposiciones y artículos que se refieren a ese colectivo, y analiza las principales características de los reos mayores. Entre las principales estrategias se recomiendan políticas sanitarias de prevención que impidan el elevado desarrollo de patologías y, combinado una mejora calidad de vida, que se eviten los elevados costes asociados. Por otro lado, se recomienda una revisión de los protocolos de excarcelación, evaluando los beneficios, no solo para los prisioneros mayores, sino también para la Comunidad. De igual modo, también se referencian una serie de estrategias que desarrollarían mejoras en las intervenciones actuales: un mayor acompañamiento familiar, mejoras en la interacción con otros presos jóvenes y programas de reinserción específicos para los más mayores, entre otras

Memoria del resultado que han ofrecido las gestiones practicadas sobre el establecimiento de un colegio de segunda enseñanza en Llanes

Mención de responsabilidad tomada de la p. 1

El «momento mutualista» en la formulación de un sistema de protección social en Argentina: socorro mutuo y prevención subsidiada a comienzos del siglo XX

In this article I study the foreigners’ mutual aid practices and their role in the diffusion of solidarist thinking that would provide a set of conceptual tools and techniques that would be essential in the demands for protection coming from workers and in formulating the first projects for putting in place a national insurance system. This research allow me to point out the transnational dimension of the construction of the field of social protection. The first part of the article is an empirical demonstration of this reality using qualitative and quantitative sources from public and private archives. In the second one I pay attention to the concrete mechanisms in the circulation of knowledge. In particular, the article analyses the different mutualist congresses organized in Buenos Aires during the first two decades of the twentieth century and the impact of the visit of Léopold Mabilleau, a French intellectual, expert in mutual insurance systems and «apostle» of solidarism.Este trabajo está destinado a estudiar las prácticas de socorro mutuo de los extranjeros y su papel en la difusión de un pensamiento solidarista que proporcionará un conjunto de herramientas conceptuales y técnicas esenciales para las reivindicaciones de protección por parte de los trabajadores así como para la formulación de los primeros proyectos de creación de un sistema nacional de seguro social. Ello me permite destacar la dimensión transnacional de la construcción del campo de la protección social. La primera parte del artículo está destinada a dar cuenta de esta realidad empírica a partir de un trabajo de fuentes cuantitativas y cualitativas y de archivos públicos y privados. La segunda pone en evidencia los mecanismos concretos de la circulación de saberes. El artículo analiza en particular los diferentes congresos mutualistas que se organizan en Buenos Aires durante las dos primeras décadas del siglo XX y el impacto de la visita de Léopold Mabilleau, intelectual francés, experto en mutualidades y «apóstol» del solidarismo

Sometimes Sperm Whales (Physeter macrocephalus) Cannot Find Their Way Back to the High Seas: A Multidisciplinary Study on a Mass Stranding

BACKGROUND: Mass strandings of sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) remain peculiar and rather unexplained events, which rarely occur in the Mediterranean Sea. Solar cycles and related changes in the geomagnetic field, variations in water temperature and weather conditions, coast geographical features and human activities have been proposed as possible causes. In December 2009, a pod of seven male sperm whales stranded along the Adriatic coast of Southern Italy. This is the sixth instance from 1555 in this basin. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Complete necropsies were performed on three whales whose bodies were in good condition, carrying out on sampled tissues histopathology, virology, bacteriology, parasitology, and screening of veins looking for gas emboli. Furthermore, samples for age determination, genetic studies, gastric content evaluation, stable isotopes and toxicology were taken from all the seven specimens. The animals were part of the same group and determined by genetic and photo-identification to be part of the Mediterranean population. Causes of death did not include biological agents, or the "gas and fat embolic syndrome", associated with direct sonar exposure. Environmental pollutant tissue concentrations were relatively high, in particular organochlorinated xenobiotics. Gastric content and morphologic tissue examinations showed a prolonged starvation, which likely caused, at its turn, the mobilization of lipophilic contaminants from the adipose tissue. Chemical compounds subsequently entered the blood circulation and may have impaired immune and nervous functions. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: A multi-factorial cause underlying this sperm whales' mass stranding is proposed herein based upon the results of postmortem investigations as well as of the detailed analyses of the geographical and historical background. The seven sperm whales took the same "wrong way" into the Adriatic Sea, a potentially dangerous trap for Mediterranean sperm whales. Seismic surveys should be also regarded as potential co-factors, even if no evidence of direct impact has been detected

A phase I randomized therapeutic MVA-B vaccination improves the magnitude and quality of the T cell immune responses in HIV-1-infected subjects on HAART

Trial Design Previous studies suggested that poxvirus-based vaccines might be instrumental in the therapeutic HIV field. A phase I clinical trial was conducted in HIV-1-infected patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), with CD4 T cell counts above 450 cells/mm3 and undetectable viremia. Thirty participants were randomized (2:1) to receive either 3 intramuscular injections of MVA-B vaccine (coding for clade B HIV-1 Env, Gag, Pol and Nef antigens) or placebo, followed by interruption of HAART. Methods The magnitude, breadth, quality and phenotype of the HIV-1-specific T cell response were assayed by intracellular cytokine staining (ICS) in 22 volunteers pre- and post-vaccination. Results MVA-B vaccine induced newly detected HIV-1-specific CD4 T cell responses and expanded pre-existing responses (mostly against Gag, Pol and Nef antigens) that were high in magnitude, broadly directed and showed an enhanced polyfunctionality with a T effector memory (TEM) phenotype, while maintaining the magnitude and quality of the pre-existing HIV-1- specific CD8 T cell responses. In addition, vaccination also triggered preferential CD8+ T cell polyfunctional responses to the MVA vector antigens that increase in magnitude after two and three booster doses

Identification of TRPC6 as a possible candidate target gene within an amplicon at 11q21-q22.2 for migratory capacity in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas

Abstract: Background: Cytogenetic and gene expression analyses in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) have allowed identification of genomic aberrations that may contribute to cancer pathophysiology. Nevertheless, the molecular consequences of numerous genetic alterations still remain unclear. Methods: To identify novel genes implicated in HNSCC pathogenesis, we analyzed the genomic alterations present in five HNSCC-derived cell lines by array CGH, and compared high level focal gene amplifications with gene expression levels to identify genes whose expression is directly impacted by these genetic events. Next, we knocked down TRPC6, one of the most highly amplified and over-expressed genes, to characterize the biological roles of TRPC6 in carcinogenesis. Finally, real time PCR was performed to determine TRPC6 gene dosage and mRNA levels in normal mucosa and human HNSCC tissues. Results: The data showed that the HNSCC-derived cell lines carry most of the recurrent genomic abnormalities previously described in primary tumors. High-level genomic amplifications were found at four chromosomal sites (11q21-q22.2, 18p11.31-p11.21, 19p13.2-p13.13, and 21q11) with associated gene expression changes in selective candidate genes suggesting that they may play an important role in the malignant behavior of HNSCC. One of the most dramatic alterations of gene transcription involved the TRPC6 gene (located at 11q21-q22.2) which has been recently implicated in tumour invasiveness. siRNA-induced knockdown of TRPC6 expression in HNSCC-derived cells dramatically inhibited HNSCC-cell invasion but did not significantly alter cell proliferation. Importantly, amplification and concomitant overexpression of TRPC6 was also found in HNSCC tumour samples. Conclusions: Altogether, these data show that TRPC6 is likely to be a target for 11q21-22.2 amplification that confers enhanced invasive behavior to HNSCC cells. Therefore, TRPC6 may be a promising therapeutic target in the treatment of HNSCC.This work was supported by Instituto de Salud Carlos III-Fondo de Investigacion Sanitaria [FIS PI11/929 to M.-D.C and C. S.]; Red Tematica de Investigacion Cooperativa en Cancer [RD12/0036/0015] Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness & European Regional Development Fund (ERDF); and Obra Social CajAstur-Instituto Universitario de Oncologia del Principado de Asturias.Bernaldo De Quirós, S.; Merlo, A.; Secades, P.; Zambrano, I.; Saenz De Santa María, I.; Ugidos, N.; Jantus Lewintre, E.... (2013). Identification of TRPC6 as a possible candidate target gene within an amplicon at 11q21-q22.2 for migratory capacity in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. 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