DATING THE MYANMAR BRONZE AGE: PRELIMINARY 14C DATES FROM THE OAKAIE 1 CEMETERY NEAR NYAUNG’GAN

Since 2014 the Mission Archéologique Française au Myanmar has been excavating a prehistoric cemetery, Oakaie 1, adjacent to the famous Nyaung’gan Bronze Age cemetery in Sagaing Division. Oakaie 1 (OAI1) was selected as a Nyaung’gan proxy in order to better understand the Neolithic-Bronze Age-Iron Age chronological transitions in upper-central Myanmar, for eventual regional-scale synthesis. An initial attempt to AMS 14C date 13 human femurs failed due to a lack of collagen but a subsequent effort using an apatite dating methodology on 5 femurs was successful. These preliminary data bracket part of the cemetery from the 9th to 6th c. BC with a 4th-3rd c. BC outlier. Typological and technological analogies between OAI1 and Nyaung’gan pottery grave goods likewise suggest an early 1st millennium BC date for the local Bronze Age

Discutindo a educação ambiental no cotidiano escolar: desenvolvimento de projetos na escola formação inicial e continuada de professores

A presente pesquisa buscou discutir como a Educação Ambiental (EA) vem sendo trabalhada, no Ensino Fundamental e como os docentes desta escola compreendem e vem inserindo a EA no cotidiano escolar., em uma escola estadual do município de Tangará da Serra/MT, Brasil. Para tanto, realizou-se entrevistas com os professores que fazem parte de um projeto interdisciplinar de EA na escola pesquisada. Verificou-se que o projeto da escola não vem conseguindo alcançar os objetivos propostos por: desconhecimento do mesmo, pelos professores; formação deficiente dos professores, não entendimento da EA como processo de ensino-aprendizagem, falta de recursos didáticos, planejamento inadequado das atividades. A partir dessa constatação, procurou-se debater a impossibilidade de tratar do tema fora do trabalho interdisciplinar, bem como, e principalmente, a importância de um estudo mais aprofundado de EA, vinculando teoria e prática, tanto na formação docente, como em projetos escolares, a fim de fugir do tradicional vínculo “EA e ecologia, lixo e horta”.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

Dating the Myanmar Bronze Age: preliminary 14C dates from the Oakaie 1 cemetery near Nyaung'gan

Since 2014 the Mission Archéologique Française au Myanmar has been excavating a prehistoric cemetery, Oakaie 1, adjacent to the famous Nyaung'gan Bronze Age cemetery in Sagaing Division. Oakaie 1 (OAI1) was selected as a Nyaung'gan proxy in order to better understand the Neolithic-Bronze Age-Iron Age chronological transitions in upper-central Myanmar, for eventual regional-scale synthesis. An initial attempt to AMS 14C date 13 human femurs failed due to a lack of collagen but a subsequent effort using an apatite dating methodology on 5 femurs was successful. These preliminary data bracket part of the cemetery from the 9th to 6th c. BC with a 4th-3rd c. BC outlier. Typological and technological analogies between OAI1 and Nyaung'gan pottery grave goods likewise suggest an early 1st millennium BC date for the local Bronze Age

The effect of highly ionising particles on the CMS silicon strip tracker

Inelastic nuclear collisions of hadrons incident on silicon sensors can generate secondary highly ionising particles (HIPs) and deposit as much energy within the sensor bulk as several hundred minimum ionising particles. The large signals generated by these ‘HIP events’ can momentarily saturate the APV25 front-end readout chip for the silicon strip tracker (SST) sub-detector of the compact muon solenoid (CMS) experiment, resulting in deadtime in the detector readout system. This paper presents studies of this phenomenon through simulation, laboratory measurements and dedicated beam tests. A proposed change to a front-end component to reduce the APV25 sensitivity to HIP events is also examined. The results are used to infer the expected effect on the performance of the CMS SST at the future large hadron collider. The induced inefficiencies are at the percent level and will have a negligible effect on the physics performance of the SST

Design and test beam performance of substructures of the CMS tracker end caps

With its total active silicon area of about 200 squaremetres and more than 15000 silicon modules the silicon strip tracker of the CMS experiment at the LHC will be the largest silicon strip detector ever built. While the performance of single silicon modules has already been tested extensively in various test beam experiments, the performance of larger integrated substructures also had to be studied with a particle beam before launching mass production, in order to ensure the envisaged performance of the overall system. In May/June 2004 the performance of a system of two petals of the tracker end caps (TEC), which represents about 1% of the full TEC and forms an autonomous unit in terms of data acquisition, has been studied in a test beam experiment at CERN. In this document the test beam experiment is described and results are presented

A first absolute chronology for Late Neolithic to Early Bronze Age Myanmar: new AMS 14 C dates from Nyaung'gan and Oakaie

International audienc

La Horde d'Or et l'islamisation des steppes eurasiatiques

Les conversions des khans Berke (1257-67) et Özbeg (1312-41) eurent un immense retentissement dans le dār al-islām et au-delà de ses frontières. Les souverains de la Horde d’Or furent les premiers descendants de Gengis Khan à prendre le titre de sultan. Leurs orientations politiques et religieuses eurent des conséquences à long terme en Asie Centrale, en Russie et en Europe, où l’islamisation de nombreuses communautés date de la période mongole. Le passage à l’islam alla de pair avec des rituels et des règles de vie collective, l’acceptation d’un système économique et monétaire, et la construction d’une histoire commune. En milieu nomade, les récits de conversion se substituèrent aux récits d’origine en tant que narration du moment fondateur de la communauté. Quelles furent les conséquences politiques de la tolérance religieuse des Mongols ? Peut-on parler d’un islam des steppes, associé à des pratiques funéraires particulières ? Qui furent les acteurs de la transmission de l’islam et quels étaient leurs modes de prosélytisme au sein de la Horde d’Or ? Les artisans, les lettrés, et les bénéficiaires de privilèges impériaux ont-ils joué un rôle plus important que les soufis? Enfin, doit-on établir un lien entre turquisation et islamisation ? Ce numéro de la Remmm, qui réunit quatorze historiens, historiens d’art et archéologues d’une dizaine de pays, apporte des réponses concrètes à ces questions et propose de nouvelles pistes de recherche à la lumière de sources méconnues. Il offre un éclairage inédit sur un phénomène complexe touchant des régions qui s’étendent de la Chine à la Bulgarie. The conversions of the khans Berke (1257-67) and Özbeg (1312-41) had a major impact on the dār al-islām and beyond its frontiers. The rulers of the Golden Horde were the first descendants of Chinggis Khan to bear the title of ‘sultan’. Their political and religious policies had long-standing consequences in Central Asia, Russia, and Europe, where many communities converted to Islam during the Mongol period. Adopting Islam implied the acceptance of new rituals and rules for collective life, it meant entering into new economic and monetary systems, and building a new common history. In the nomadic world, conversion stories often replaced older legends of origin as the foundational narratives of peoples and communities. What were the political implications of Mongol religious tolerance? Can we discern the “Islamisation of the Steppe” through distinctive burial practices? Who were the agents of Islamisation and how did they proselytize within the Golden Horde? Did craftsmen, literati, and holders of imperial grants play a more important role in the transmission of Islam than Sufis? And, finally, should we see a link between Turkicisation and Islamisation? This volume brings together fourteen historians, art historians, and archaeologists, from ten countries, to discuss these issues. By analysing unpublished and little known sources, they open new paths for research and shed light on a complex phenomenon that spread from China to Bulgaria

TAVR Patients Requiring Anticoagulation: Direct Oral Anticoagulant or Vitamin K Antagonist?

International audienceOBJECTIVES: Using French transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) registries linked with the nationwide administrative databases, the study compared the rates of long-term mortality, bleeding, and ischemic events after TAVR in patients requiring oral anticoagulation with direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) or vitamin K antagonists (VKAs). BACKGROUND: The choice of optimal drug for anticoagulation after TAVR remains debated. METHODS: Data from the France-TAVI and FRANCE-2 registries were linked to the French national health single-payer claims database, from 2010 to 2017. Propensity score matching was used to reduce treatment-selection bias. Two primary endpoints were death from any cause (efficacy) and major bleeding (safety). RESULTS: A total of 24,581 patients who underwent TAVR were included and 8,962 (36.4%) were treated with OAC. Among anticoagulated patients, 2,180 (24.3%) were on DOACs. After propensity matching, at 3 years, mortality (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.37; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.12-1.67; P \textless 0.005) and major bleeding including hemorrhagic stroke (HR: 1.64; 95% CI: 1.17-2.29; P \textless 0.005) were lower in patients on DOACs compared with those on VKAs. The rates of ischemic stroke (HR: 1.32; 95% CI: 0.81-2.15; P = 0.27) and acute coronary syndrome (HR: 1.17; 95% CI: 0.68-1.99; P = 0.57) did not differ among groups. CONCLUSIONS: In these large multicenter French TAVR registries with an exhaustive clinical follow-up, the long-term mortality and major bleeding were lower with DOACs than VKAs at discharge. The present study supports preferential use of DOACs rather than VKAs in patients requiring oral anticoagulation therapy after TAVR