Envisaging Nowy Targ Square: rehabilitation challenges of postwar housing within historic contexts

7KLV SDSHU GHDOV ZLWK JHQHUDO TXHVWLRQV FRQFHUQLQJ WKH FKDOOHQJHV RI SUHVHUYDWLRQ RI WK century architecture within historically sensitive locations, taking as its basis of investigation a VSHFL¿FFDVHVWXG\LQ:URFáDZ 7KLVFKRLFHRIFDVH VWXG\PD\QDUURZDZLGHUDUUD\RILVVXHV potentially encountered within different locales; this does not aim to be an exhaustive report. 1HLWKHUGRHVWKLVSDSHUWU\WRH[DPLQHWKHJHQHUDOPRGHUQDUFKLWHFWXUDODQGXUEDQKLVWRU\RI :URFáDZ RULWV UHFRQVWUXFWLRQ SUDFWLFHV 5HIHUUDOWRWKH ZLGHU FRQWH[WLV GHWHUPLQHG E\WKH FKDUDFWHURISUREOHPV UHSUHVHQWDWLYHWR1RZ\7DUJ ZLWKDQHPSKDVLVRQWKRVHLPPHGLDWHO\ preceding the postwar housing-led development. The dissertation forms an outline of both problems and possible rehabilitation strategies so as to provide an alternative perspective to current conservation recommendations for the area

Capacitación en higiene y seguridad en el trabajo agropecuario argentino en tiempos de pandemia

Durante el año 2020 la República Argentina decidió cerrar los estudios presenciales en sus escuelas e institutos de formación debido a la situación de pandemia provocada por el COVID-19. En estas circunstancias, desde la Direccion de Escuela Media Agropecuaria de la provincia de Buenos Aires solicitaron al INTA su colaboración para continuar a través de cursos organizados via Internet, con las capacitaciones que se venían realizando en forma presencial. En este artículo se describe el desarrollo de esta experiencia y su modalidad de trabajo, concluyendo con los resultados y las perspectivas de darle continuidad a esta propuesta formativa.EEA San PedroFil: Paunero, Ignacio Eugenio. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria San Pedro; ArgentinaFil: Wojtun, Ana Carolina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Proyecto de Capacitación a Distancia (PROCADIS); ArgentinaFil: Sonsino, Ana Gabriela. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Dirección General de Capital Humano. Gerencia de Formación y Capacitación; ArgentinaFil: Elías, Nancy Jimena. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Dirección General de Capital Humano. Gerencia de Formación y Capacitación; Argentin

Measuring the Economic Growth in the Absence of Aggregate Indicators: the Case of Central Poland in the Nineteenth Century

During the course of the nineteenth century, industrialization embraced various parts of the Russian Empire. In Central Poland, the most western province of the Empire, industrial revolution had its classical characteristics and its normal path. The resulting economic growth is usually explained in terms of the sustained increase in the real income per capita. In the absence of aggregate measures of economic growth, those indicators were used that were characteristic of that part of Poland. Liberal agrarian reforms and an expansion of agriculture preceded industrialization. The output of grain per capita increased more than twofold. This was an end product of liberal agrarian reforms: the bringing of new lands under cultivation, and of crop rotation introduced after 1840. Since the population more than tripled during the nineteenth century, Central Poland became a country with a food deficite. Pressure on the limited supply of arable land gave an impetus to outmigration to towns, as well as to seasonal migration, and lastly to emigration. The process of industrialization started with cotton textiles and expanded into the coal, and iron and steel industries. The output of coal per capita increased more than twentyfold while the amount of pig iron produced increased fortyfold. An expansion of railroad services accompanied industrialization, the occupational structure of the labour force shifted in favor of nonagricultural employment, and an overall improvement in living conditions occurred, evidenced by a substantial decline in the crude death rate. In European Russia, expansion of agriculture did not precede the industrialization of the country. European Russia not only fed its own population, but also exported grain heavily. The Imperial Russian government provided the stimuli for the expansion of industries. So, European Russia experienced a rapid growth of textiles and of the coal, iron and steel industries and joined the world leading producers on the eve of WWI. However, at the same point of time, European Russia still maintainedits rural character and agriculture provided a gainful employment for three quarters of its population. Also, European Russia displayed a high crude death rate and a very high rate of infant mortality. These two synthetic indicators point to the meagerness of the existence of the population in European Russia which deeply affected emigration. The Grand Duchy of Finland experienced no industrial revolution in the nineteenth century. The overall betterment of the living conditions was the result of the forestry revolution, especially due to the expansion of markets for timber and wood pulp. Finland could not feed its own population. It had no coal and little of the iron and steel manufacturing so necessary to an industrial state. Finland's character on the eve of WWI was rural, and two thirds of its population was employed in agriculture. Nevertheless, Finland's level of living was higher than in the other two provinces of the Russian Empire. This is evidenced not only by a low crude death rate but also by a low rate of infant mortality. This fact, however, did not prevent thousands of Finns from searching for the paradise to be built in the United States of America. The present inquiry brought to light the great heterogeneity of the Russian Empire. It seems that studying its individual parts could provide a better insight ti its rise, fall, and the October Revolution.Digitalizacja i deponowanie archiwalnych zeszytów RPEiS sfinansowane przez MNiSW w ramach realizacji umowy nr 541/P-DUN/201

Quality of commercial chicken nuggets available on the Warsaw marke

Celem pracy była ocena wybranych wyróżników jakości nuggetsów z mięsa kurcząt dostępnych w handlu detalicznym, wytworzonych przez różnych producentów. Zakres badań obejmował oznaczenie podstawowego składu chemicznego z zastosowaniem normatywnych metod analitycznych, zawartości soli kuchennej metodą potencjometryczną, instrumentalne pomiary siły cięcia i parametrów barwy (L* a* b*) oraz ocenę pożądalności organoleptycznej nuggetsów po obróbce termicznej. Na podstawie uzyskanych wyników stwierdzono istotne różnice w jakości ocenianych sortymentami nuggetsów, które były spowodowane odmiennym składem recepturowym. Większą wartością odżywczą (większa zawartość białka, mniejsza zawartość tłuszczu) cechowały się produkty o większym udziale mięsa z kurcząt. Jednocześnie w ich przypadku stwierdzono większą siłę cięcia, co mogło wynikać z większej zawartości białka. W ocenie organoleptycznej stwierdzono, że wszystkie sortymenty nuggetsów uzyskały akceptację oceniających. Na podstawie wyników oceny pożądalności smaku oraz ogólnej pożądalności organoleptycznej można jednak wnioskować, że produkt 1 w największym stopniu spełniał wymagania stawiane tego typu produktom.Chicken nuggets are the kind of products from minced meat, usually of irregular shape, in golden breadcrumbs, fried before consumption. In Poland they are among the most consumed convenient products from poultry meat. They are available in many “fast-food” restaurants and retail sales (in the chilled or frozen form). Of their popularity decided the demand of the younger part of society. Sensory attractiveness and convenience caused, however, that chicken nuggets have gained regular customers also among adults. The growing number of customers of this type of products has stimulated research on their quality and nutritional value. The aim of this study was the evaluation of selected quality characteristics of five assortments of chicken nuggets with a different raw material composition, produced by Polish manufacturers. The scope of research included determination of basic chemical composition using analytical methods provided for in the Polish Standards, determination of the content of salt by use of potentiometric method, instrumental measurement of shear force and colour parameters (CIE L* a* b*), and evaluation of organoleptic desirability of nuggets after heat treatment. The results obtained indicate that chicken nuggets were different in terms of analyzed quality characteristics. Analyzes of chemical composition showed significant differences in the content of water, protein, fat and chlorides among assessed nuggets assortments. They were most likely caused by the variable recipe composition of the products, referring to the quantitative participation of chicken meat and the type and amount of non-meat ingredients and functional substances used in the production. With regard to the non-compulsory requirements of Polish Standard concerning poultry products made from minced meat and requiring heat treatment before consumption the nutritional value of five assortments of nuggets was satisfactory. Product 1 was characterized by the best nutritional value because it contained the most protein and least fat. Despite the significant differences between the products, salt content in any of the assortments of nuggets assessed did not exceed 1.72%. Examined assortments nuggets also differed significantly in terms of shear force and colour parameters. Product 1 − containing the most protein − characterized by a significantly higher shear force than Products 4 and 5. Product 1 also had significantly lighter colour (higher L* value), characterized by a significantly lower share of redness (lower a* value) and a significantly higher shear of yellowness (higher b* value), compared with the Product 5. All assortments of nuggets were accepted organoleptically. Based on the results of evaluation of taste and general desirability it was found that product 1 to the greatest extent satisfied the requirements placed upon such products

Decreasing concentrations of metals in sphagnum mosses in ombrotrophic mires of the sudety mountains (sw poland) since late 1980s

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Snow melt monitoring at Fugleberget, around Hornsund, Svalbard, 2014-2016

We present a multi-year high-resolution spatial data set on snow cover evolution in a catchment located in South-West Spitsbergen on Svalbard. The data set has significant potential for validation of satellite-derived snow extent (SE) products and provides unique baseline information for various studies in this high-Arctic setting. An automatic camera system was set near the summit of Fugleberget, overlooking an area of several square kilometers near the Hornsund Polish Polar Station. In total, 203 images obtained during three spring and summer seasons were orthorectified and georeferenced using a Matlab-based toolbox, followed by a GIS-based classification of the snow-covered area at a spatial scale of 0.72 km². The results allow for a precise quantification of the snow-covered area in daily resolution over the entire ablation period. In the studied Fuglebekken catchment, the highest rate of snow disappearance was observed in late May/early June

Terrestrial Remote Sensing of Snowmelt in a Diverse High-Arctic Tundra Environment Using Time-Lapse Imagery

Snow cover is one of the crucial factors influencing the plant distribution in harsh Arctic regions. In tundra environments, wind redistribution of snow leads to a very heterogeneous spatial distribution which influences growth conditions for plants. Therefore, relationships between snow cover and vegetation should be analyzed spatially. In this study, we correlate spatial data sets on tundra vegetation types with snow cover information obtained from orthorectification and classification of images collected from a time-lapse camera installed on a mountain summit. The spatial analysis was performed over an area of 0.72 km2, representing a coastal tundra environment in southern Svalbard. The three-year monitoring is supplemented by manual measurements of snow depth, which show a statistically significant relationship between snow abundance and the occurrence of some of the analyzed land cover types. The longest snow cover duration was found on “rock debris” type and the shortest on “lichen-herb-heath tundra”, resulting in melt-out time-lag of almost two weeks between this two land cover types. The snow distribution proved to be consistent over the different years with a similar melt-out pattern occurring in every analyzed season, despite changing melt-out dates related to different weather conditions. The data set of 203 high resolution processed images used in this work is available for download in the supplementary materials