Límites de género en el programa de aldeas para repatriados en Burundi

Aunque oficialmente la repatriación de refugiados se considera un retorno a las fronteras de su país de ciudadanía, “el hogar” para los repatriados debe analizarse con otros parámetros. El género y el parentesco se cruzan con muchos otros factores importantes en las diferentes experiencias de retorno

Op zoek naar vaste grond : een onderzoek naar vieren bij pioniersplek Spoorzoeken in Slangenburg

Masterscriptie Gemeentepredikan

A presença da improvisação na música de concerto com notação contemporânea: uma perspectiva através das peças “Maracatu” de Liduino Pitombeira e “Saxouave” de Eduardo Ribeiro

Este artigo versa sobre as possíveis atitudes de improvisação que podem estar presentes na performance de música moderna com notação contemporânea, tomando as peças “Maracatu” para saxofone, tape e dança do compositor Liduíno Pitombeira e “Saxouave” para saxofone solo do compositor Eduardo Ribeiro, como objetos de estudo deste questionamento. A pesquisa busca possíveis respostas para a questão do que pode ser considerado como improvisação ou não, dentro das diversas possibilidades interpretativas de uma notação não convencional. Para isso, baseando-se na ideia de Marcel Cobussen sobre improvisação, respaldando-a com outros teóricos, levantamos questionamentos que possam contribuir para decisões interpretativas nas ditas peças

Enduring Displacement, Enduring Violence: Camps, Closure, and Exile In/After Return (Experiences of Burundian Refugees in Tanzania)

“Return home” was the joint message by the Burundian and Tanzanian presidents in 2017, just two years after hundreds of thousands Burundians were recognized as refugees in neighbouring countries, and as more continued to seek refuge or asylum each month. In Tanzania, where refugees are subject to strict encampment, the vast majority of Burundian refugees had previously been refugees at least once before. Many returned to Tanzania less than three years after their prior return to Burundi, which, as camps were closed, had been framed as a “durable solution” to their displacement. This thesis explores the interrelated dynamics of enduring displacement, encampment, and closure, by drawing on life history research with Burundian refugees in two camps in Tanzania (2017-8), as well as semi-structured interviews with government and humanitarian staff, and ethnographic methods. Empirically, this dissertation contributes to knowledge by tracing the diverse prior trajectories of current Burundian refugees, both within and beyond camp boundaries, challenging there-and-back-again geographical imaginary of refuge management. It highlights an understudied but constitutive aspect of camps—their ultimate closures—by recounting refugees’ memories of the violent closure of Mtabila camp, as well as its fearful afterlives and present-presence. The violence of past camp closure is part of the violence of current encampment due to its evocation as a a disciplinary dispositif to “encourage” return, threatening and anticipating future violence. State and humanitarian practices “close” and harden space for those deemed “undesirable,” through forced encampment, camp closures, and coerced or forced return. In so doing, they produce and prolong displacement, in which varied spatio-temporalities of violence endure. Burundian refugees’ life histories thus trace the ways displacement endures, and is endured

Continuous trench, pulsed laser ablation for micro-machining applications

The generation of controlled 3D micro-features by pulsed laser ablation in various materials requires an understanding of the material's temporal and energetic response to the laser beam. The key enabler of pulsed laser ablation for micro-machining is the prediction of the removal rate of the target material, thus allowing real-life machining to be simulated mathematically. Usually, the modelling of micro-machining by pulsed laser ablation is done using a pulse-by-pulse evaluation of the surface modification, which could lead to inaccuracies when pulses overlap. To address these issues, a novel continuous evaluation of the surface modification that use trenches as a basic feature is presented in this paper. The work investigates the accuracy of this innovative continuous modelling framework for micro-machining tasks on several materials. The model is calibrated using a very limited number of trenches produced for a range of powers and feed speeds; it is then able to predict the change in topography with a size comparable to the laser beam spot that arises from essentially arbitrary toolpaths. The validity of the model has been proven by being able to predict the surface obtained from single trenches with constant feed speed, single trenches with variable feed speed and overlapped trenches with constant feed speed for three different materials (graphite, polycrystalline diamond and a metal-matrix diamond CMX850) with low error. For the three materials tested, it is found that the average error in the model prediction for a single trench at constant feed speed is lower than 5 % and for overlapped trenches the error is always lower than 10 %. This innovative modelling framework opens avenues to: (i) generate in a repeatable and predictable manner any desired workpiece microtopography; (ii) understand the pulsed laser ablation machining process, in respect of the geometry of the trench produced, therefore improving the geometry of the resulting parts; (iii) enable numerical optimisation for the beam path, thus supporting the development of accurate and flexible computer assisted machining software for pulsed laser ablation micro-machining applications