Conhecimento e atitudes sobre nutrição e exercício físico de frequentadores de academia de ginástica de Itaituba-PA

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar conhecimento e atitudes sobre nutrição e exercício físico de frequentadores de academia de ginástica de Itaituba-PA. Trata-se de uma pesquisa quantitativa, descritiva e transversal, cujas informações foram coletadas em uma academia da referida cidade. Participaram do estudo 18 voluntários, com 31,2 ± 6,7 anos de idade, sendo 11 homens e 07 mulheres. Os dados foram coletados por meio da aplicação de um questionário com questões abertas e fechadas adaptado do estudo de Diniz Júnior e colaboradores (2010). Dentre os resultados destacou-se a auto percepção excelente/boa de saúde (88,9%), com objetivos de emagrecer (44,4%) e aumento de massa muscular (27,8%). Para a obtenção de resultados favoráveis em termos de emagrecimento, 44,5% dos participantes afirmaram ser importante a combinação de exercícios físicos e dieta, principalmente com a associação de exercício aeróbico e anaeróbico para 55,6% dos mesmos. Para a maioria (61,1%) as informações sobre dieta eram obtidas com o Educador Físico da academia. Além disso, 33,3% referiram utilizar suplementos para emagrecer e 55,6% para aumento de massa muscular. Conclui-se como importante a promoção em academias de ginástica de programas de educação alimentar/exercício físico fundamentados em evidências atualizadas para uma efetiva obtenção de resultados para aqueles que, nesse ramo em extenso crescimento, buscam saúde e qualidade de vida. ABSTRACTKnowledge and attitudes about nutrition and exercise in fitness center users of Itaituba cityThe objective of this study was to analyze the knowledge and attitudes about nutrition and exercise in fitness center users of Itaituba city. We conducted a quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional survey. We collect the information in a gym. Study participants were 18 people, with 31.2 ± 6.7 years, 11 men and 07 women. Data were collected through the application of a questionnaire with adaptations created by Diniz Junior e collaborators (2010). We find, among the participants, self perception excellent/good health (88.9%), aim to lose weight (44.4%) and increased muscle mass (27.8%). To obtain positive effects in terms of weight loss, participants stated (44.5%) is important the combination of exercise and diet, especially with aerobic and anaerobic exercise association (55.6%). For the majority of surveyed participants (61.1%) the diet information was obtained from the Physical Educator of the academy. Also, people assumed that use supplements to lose weight (33.3%) and muscle mass increase (55.6%). We conclude how important the promotion, in gyms, in food education programs/exercise based on updated evidence for effective achievement of results for those seeking health and quality of life

Influência da Vegetação nos Parâmetros Micrometeorológicos da Área Urbana em uma Cidade de Médio Porte da Amazônia

O estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a influência da vegetação no comportamento termohigrométrico em três pontos com diferentes percentuais de vegetação, na cidade de Santarém-PA. Foram medidas a temperatura e a umidade relativa do ar, simultaneamente, em três praças da cidade, durante cinco dias. Os resultados indicaram que, na comparação interpraças, a praça com o maior percentual de vegetação apresentou valores médios de temperatura do ar menores, enquanto que os valores de umidade relativa do ar foram maiores nestes ambientes. Na comparação intrapraças, os instrumentos à sombra da vegetação registraram sempre os menores valores médios da temperatura do ar e os maiores da umidade relativa do ar. Estes resultados indicam que houve influência da vegetação no comportamento da temperatura e da umidade relativa do ar

Avanços da cirurgia robotica no tratamento do Câncer

A cirurgia robótica tem sido almejada por profissionais cirurgiões, visto que, é um procedimento considerado de alta eficácia, assim como, apresenta reduzidos níveis de riscos ao paciente, o que configura significativamente a qualidade elevada do procedimento médico. Logo, tem sido utilizada no tratamento cirúrgico de diversos tipos de câncer, o qual tem demonstrado melhores resultados quando comparados com procedimentos mais invasivas ou tradicionais O principal objetivo do é discutir por meio de uma revisão sistematizada da literatura acerca dos avanços da cirurgia robótica no tratamento dos demais tipos de cânceres. O presente estudo trata-se de uma revisão sistemática da literatura, de modo que, realizou-se buscas de na Scielo, Periódico Capes e na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), através de termos específicos do Decs, o qual resultou-se em: “Neoplasias” AND “Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Robóticos” AND “Terapêutica”. Foram elegíveis um total de 8 estudos na presente revisão sistemática. Este procedimento é devidamente realizado com menores danos de incisão possível no paciente, de modo que, possibilitou a diminuição de dores pós-operatórios, além da redução de sangramentos, traumas, respostas inflamatórias, tempo de internação e até mesmo melhores resultados estéticos nos pacientes, quando comparados com os métodos mais tradicionais e invasivos

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Evidence for Reductive Genome Evolution and Lateral Acquisition of Virulence Functions in Two Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis Strains

Ruiz JC, D'Afonseca V, Silva A, et al. Evidence for Reductive Genome Evolution and Lateral Acquisition of Virulence Functions in Two Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis Strains. PLoS ONE. 2011;6(4): e18551.Background: Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, a Gram-positive, facultative intracellular pathogen, is the etiologic agent of the disease known as caseous lymphadenitis (CL). CL mainly affects small ruminants, such as goats and sheep; it also causes infections in humans, though rarely. This species is distributed worldwide, but it has the most serious economic impact in Oceania, Africa and South America. Although C. pseudotuberculosis causes major health and productivity problems for livestock, little is known about the molecular basis of its pathogenicity. Methodology and Findings: We characterized two C. pseudotuberculosis genomes (Cp1002, isolated from goats; and CpC231, isolated from sheep). Analysis of the predicted genomes showed high similarity in genomic architecture, gene content and genetic order. When C. pseudotuberculosis was compared with other Corynebacterium species, it became evident that this pathogenic species has lost numerous genes, resulting in one of the smallest genomes in the genus. Other differences that could be part of the adaptation to pathogenicity include a lower GC content, of about 52%, and a reduced gene repertoire. The C. pseudotuberculosis genome also includes seven putative pathogenicity islands, which contain several classical virulence factors, including genes for fimbrial subunits, adhesion factors, iron uptake and secreted toxins. Additionally, all of the virulence factors in the islands have characteristics that indicate horizontal transfer. Conclusions: These particular genome characteristics of C. pseudotuberculosis, as well as its acquired virulence factors in pathogenicity islands, provide evidence of its lifestyle and of the pathogenicity pathways used by this pathogen in the infection process. All genomes cited in this study are available in the NCBI Genbank database (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genbank/) under accession numbers CP001809 and CP001829

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost