Prototipo de un sistema de registro y monitoreo del nivel de llenado de un contenedor de basura utilizando sensores continuos y comunicación WIFI en la tarjeta de desarrollo beaglebone black

En Colombia, el tratamiento de residuos sólidos está reglamentado por lo dispuesto en la ley 142 de 1994, en particular, lo referente al aprovechamiento del material reciclable está a cargo de las empresas que cumplan con lo establecido en el decreto 596 de 2016, con el cual se espera que el país sea pionero en Latinoamérica en el aprovechamiento de material reciclable, sin embargo, actualmente en el país solo se recicla el 17% de la basura que se produce, con esto no solo se están malgastando los recursos naturales no renovables con los que cuenta el país sino que también se están enterrando millones de pesos y dejando de generar cientos de empleos. [1] [2] En la actualidad, cada vez es mayor el número de procesos de la industria y hasta de tareas cotidianas que son automatizadas, esto, buscando tener mayor calidad en los productos y/o servicios prestados. En el presente trabajo se plantea la implementación de un sistema de registro y monitoreo para conocer el nivel de llenado de un contenedor de basura, facilitando la labor de cambio de las bolsas, permitiendo la optimización de estas y del tiempo de las personas dedicadas a tal labor. Un sistema electrónico de registro y monitoreo consiste en un dispositivo electrónico que haciendo uso de sensores (los cuales pueden ser continuos o discretos) permite medir variables físicas, estas mediciones son enviadas a un servidor central, para ello se aplica algún protocolo de comunicación (preferiblemente inalámbrico). Las mediciones obtenidas y enviadas al servidor son almacenadas en bases de datos, con estos registros es posible determinar el comportamiento de las variables medidas

Ironia y Geometría : Spinoza y los Románticos

El texto versa sobre un capítulo de la historia de la recepción de la filosofía de Spinoza, el romanticismo. Presenta los equívocos que poseen los primeros filósofos que reciben con entusiasmo la obra de Spinoza, particularmente en la transformación de una tesis que perfila a todo el panteísmo de Spinoza -la relación entre infinitud y finitud, la sustancia y sus afecciones- en la versión subjetivizada de la religión. Sostiene que “sentimiento de ser criatura” es una de las insospechadas herencias del spinozismo y que el concepto de ironía juega un rol central en la subjetividad entronizada por los románticos.O texto versa sobre um capítulo da história da recepção da filosofia de Spinoza, o romantismo. Apresenta os equívocos que têm os primeiros filósofos que recebem com entusiasmo a obra de Spinoza, particularmente na transformação de uma tese que perfila a todo o panteísmo de Spinoza – a relação entre a infinitude e a finitude, a substância e suas afecções – na versão subjetivada da religião. Sustenta que “sentimento de ser criatura” é uma das insuspeitas heranças do spinozismo e que o conceito de ironia tem um papel central na subjetividade entronizada pelos românticos

Hermenêutica e pluralismo subjetivo: o fundamento da liberdade no pensamento de Espinosa

Este trabalho tem como propósito central expor uma das aspirações mais caras à filosofia de Espinosa: a liberação da faculdade de julgar, tanto como perspectiva hermenêutica como em seu significado político. A partir deste conceito, pretendese reconstruir alguns tramos do programa do filósofo, sempre enfático a respeito da liberdade, tanto no âmbito ético como no político, e os diversos significados que esta tem em sua obra. Há uma liberdade concebida sub specie aeternitatis e uma liberdade sub specie durationis? A questão leva a estabelecer a relação que este filósofo tem com as coisas do mundo político, sempre movido a partir de paixões e interesses e, frequentemente, afastado de um sentido virtuoso da liberdade. Sem abandonar as aspirações de um sentido superior da liberdade, o autor sustenta que Espinosa se propõe examinar o problema da liberdade em um contexto no qual há mais prejuízos que idéias adequadas, mais temores que esperanças, mais superstição que sabedoria.The main aim in this paper is to expose one of the greatest aspirations of Spinoza’s philosophy: the liberation of the faculty to judge as hermeneutic perspective as well as in its political sense. Taking this concept as starting point, our aim is to reconstruct some of the interstices of the philosopher’s program, who is always emphatic with regard to the freedom in ethical and political ambit, as well as to reconstitute the several senses that this concept has in his work. Is there a freedom that is sub specie aeternitatis conceived and another that is sub specie durationis? This question leads us to establish the relation that this philosopher has to the political world’s things, which he always thinks in terms of passions and interests, excluding from it a sense of freedom in which it is conceived as virtuous. Without abandoning the aspirations of a superior sense of freedom, the author maintains that Spinoza proposes to examine the problem of freedom in a context in which there are more prejudices than adequate ideas, more fear than hope, more superstition than wisdom

Estimation of Safety Performance Functions (SPF) at signalized intersections in Medellín, Colombia •

One of the objectives of road infrastructure sustainability is to ensure that users are treated equally and their quality of life is improved by providing better mobility and traffic safety. When designing roads, it is important to evaluate different design criteria alternatives - in this case, we look at traffic safety principles. For this, we used the Safety Performance Functions (SPF) tool to obtain the expected crash frequency. The data used were Medellín’s crash records from 2012 to 2016, as well as the geometric features and traffic conditions at signalized intersections. A negative binomial model was fitted to estimate the SPF. Exposure, geometry, and traffic volume were found to be statistically significant in determining the expected crash frequency for collisions where there was property damage only (PDO) and fatal or injury (FI). It was found that accidents were less likely on T-junctions compared to four-leg junctions, one-way approaches were found to be safer whereas right turns were found to increase collisions causing FIUno de los propósitos respecto de la sostenibilidad de las infraestructuras viales es lograr la equidad social en los usuarios mejorando la calidad de vida proveyendo mejor movilidad y seguridad vial. En el diseño de carreteras, es importante evaluar múltiples alternativas basadas en criterios de diseño, el presente trabajo se centra en los principios de seguridad vial. Para lograr este objetivo, se usaron herramientas como las Funciones de Desempeño de Seguridad Vial (SPF) para obtener la frecuencia esperada de accidentes. Se utilizaron los registros de accidentes en Medellín de 2012 hasta 2016, además, se incluyeron características geométricas y condiciones de tránsito en las intersecciones semaforizadas. Se ajustó un modelo binomial negativo para estimar el SPF. Se descubrió que la exposición, la geometría y el volumen de transito son estadísticamente significativos para determinar la frecuencia de accidentes esperada para accidentes de solo daños (PDO) y accidentes fatales o con heridos (FI); las intersecciones en T fueron encontradas menos propensas a colisiones en comparación con las intersecciones de cuatro accesos, se encontró que los accesos unidireccionales son más seguros, contrariamente, se encontró que los giros a la derecha aumentan las colisiones FI

Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Profiles of Ten Pilea Species (Urticaceae)

The genus Pilea Lindley is the largest among the Urticaceae family. The large size and little commercial interest of this genus make difficult its taxonomy, with few revisions since Weddell.Very few revisions have been reported about the Colombian species since 1939, when Killip made a contribution to the genus for the northern Andes (Ecuador, Peru, Colombia, and Venezuela). To contribute to the knowledge of the Pilea genus in Colombia, field trips were made in the department of Valle del Cauca and ten herbarium samples were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectral profiles analysis; which allowed us to identify 33 compounds type monoterpene, sesquiterpene,diterpene, free fatty acids or their methyl, ethyl esters or amides, and triterpenes. It was concluded that Triterpenes were the best chemotaxonomical discriminants for the ten herbarium samples as ten species

Enseñanza de la escritura en la escuela primaria. Los maestros andan diciendo…

El artículo propone mostrar, a través deentrevistas a docentes, algunas prácticas de enseñanzade la escritura en la escuela primaria.Nuestro papel consistió en organizar y contrastarlas voces de los docentes que participaron enuna investigación mayor, que analizó las representacionessociales y las prácticas de escrituraen libros de texto de la escuela primaria. Inicialmente,presentamos una pequeña disquisiciónteórica sobre la relación entre las representacionesy las prácticas sociales. Posteriormente,presentamos algunas líneas generales sobre elenfoque sociocultural de la escritura. Esta fundamentaciónteórica pretende evidenciar quelas voces de las docentes materializan, no solosus modos de hacer en el aula —es decir, prácticas—,sino también el conocimiento socialmentecompartido sobre la escritura —es decir, representaciones—.Posteriormente, presentamos,a manera de resultados de investigación, lo quelos maestros andan diciendo sobre la escritura ysu enseñanza. Al final se afirma que con la práctica,surge una representación que puede ser, almismo tiempo, una didáctica de la escritura situadasocioculturalmente

Solvent effect in the polyethylene recovery from multilayer postconsumer aseptic packaging

articuloPolyethylene films were separated and recovered from polyethylene–aluminum composites derived from recycling multilayer postconsumer aseptic packaging. A brief study about the separation process by dissolving PE–aluminum (PE–Al) composites into a series of organic solvents with a combination of time and temperature is presented. Through this procedure, 56% polyethylene is recovered from this kind of composites in optimized conditions. DSC and TGA studies were performed to determine the thermal stability of recovered polyethylene films and to establish a comparison with a PE reference commercial product, demonstrating that recovered polyethylene films kept their thermal properties.SIEA-UAEMEX (Project No. 3410/ 2013 M) and CONACYT (Project No. 135053

RENDIMIENTO CLINICO DE DOS RESINAS COMPUESTAS CONDENSABLES PARA RESTAURACIONES POSTERIORES

The objective of the present investigation was to evaluate the clinical value of the Class I and Class H restorations. 80 bicuspids and molars with caries lessions and with reversible pulp syntomatology were divided into 2 groups: Grupo I: 40 condensed resing restorations A and group II with condensed resin B. Then, after 12 months of clinical evaluation, results showed color, marginal stained anatomic form, surface texture, marginal adaptation, secondary caries and sensitivity had 100% success in 80 treated cases.El objetivo del presente trabajo consistió en evaluar el rendimiento clínico de restauraciones Clase I y Clase II con dos resinas condensables. Fueron seleccionados 80 premolares y molares con diagnóstico de caries con sintomatologla pulpar reversible divididas en 2 grupos Grupo 140 restauraciones resina condensable A y Grupo II con resina condensable B. Luego de 12 meses de evaluación clínica los resultados mostraron color tejido marginal, forma anatómica, textura superficial, adaptación marginal, caries secundaria v sensibilidad, tuvieron una cuota de 100% de éxito en los 80 casos tratados

Removal of Giα1 Constraints on Adenylyl Cyclase in the Hippocampus Enhances LTP and Impairs Memory Formation

AbstractStimulation of adenylyl cyclase in the hippocampus is critical for memory formation. However, generation of cAMP signals within an optimal range for memory may require a balance between stimulatory and inhibitory mechanisms. The role of adenylyl cyclase inhibitory mechanisms for memory has not been addressed. One of the mechanisms for inhibition of adenylyl cyclase is through activation of Gi-coupled receptors, a mechanism that could serve as a constraint on memory formation. Here we report that ablation of Giα1 by gene disruption increases hippocampal adenylyl cyclase activity and enhances LTP in area CA1. Furthermore, gene ablation of Giα1 or antisense oligonucleotide-mediated depletion of Giα1 disrupted hippocampus-dependent memory. We conclude that Giα1 provides a critical mechanism for tonic inhibition of adenylyl cyclase activity in the hippocampus. We hypothesize that loss of Giα1 amplifies the responsiveness of CA1 postsynaptic neurons to stimuli that strengthen synaptic efficacy, thereby diminishing synapse-specific plasticity required for new memory formation

Efficacy and safety of the combination of reduced duration prophylaxis followed by immuno-guided prophylaxis to prevent cytomegalovirus disease in lung transplant recipients (CYTOCOR STUDY): an open-label, randomised, non-inferiority clinical trial

Cytomegalovirus; Immuno-guided prophylaxis; Lung transplantationCitomegalovirus; Profilaxis inmunoguiada; Trasplante de pulmónCitomegalovirus; Profilaxi immuno-guiada; Trasplantament de pulmóINTRODUCTION: Prolonged use of antivirals to prevent the development of cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease in lung transplant patients has been shown to have significant side effects, for which alternatives are being sought to reduce their use. The monitoring of cell immunity against CMV could be an alternative as it has shown to be useful in identifying transplant patients at low risk of infection, who could benefit from shorter prophylaxis. The aim of the CYTOCOR study is to demonstrate that the combination of a reduced prophylaxis strategy with subsequent CMV-specific immunological monitoring would allow CMV infection to be controlled in lung transplant patients as effectively as the usual strategy (prophylaxis followed by pre-emptive therapy), while reducing the side effects of antivirals due to the shorter duration of prophylaxis. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: Phase III randomised, open, multicentre, parallel, non-inferiority clinical trial to study the efficacy and safety of the combination of a prophylaxis strategy up to month +3 post-transplant followed by immuno-guided prophylaxis using the QuantiFERON-CMV technique up to month +12 post-transplant to prevent CMV disease in CMV-seropositive lung transplant recipients. This strategy will be compared with a combination of a usual prophylaxis strategy up to month +6 post-transplant followed by pre-emptive therapy up to month +12. To study the incidence of CMV disease, patients will be followed up to 18 months post-transplantation. A total of 150 patients are expected to be recruited for the study. ETHICS AND PUBLIC DISSEMINATION: The clinical trial has been approved by the Research Ethics Committees and authorised by the Spanish Agency of Medicines and Medical Devices (AEMPS).If the hypothesis of this clinical trial is verified, the dissemination of the results could change clinical practice by increasing knowledge about the safety and efficacy of discontinuing valganciclovir prophylaxis in lung transplant recipients.We would like to acknowledge the support of the Spanish Network for Research in Infectious Disease (REIPI, RD16/0016), the Group for the Study of Infections in Transplant Recipients (GESITRA) of the Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC) and SCReN (Spanish Clinical Research Network) funded by the ISCIII-Sub-Directorate General for Research Assessment and Promotion through project PT13/0002/0010-PT17/0017/0012 and PT17/0017/0032