An introduction to phraseological units: idioms and collocations

La fraseología es un área de investigación relativamente joven, convertida en una disciplina propiamente establecida durante el siglo pasado. El objeto de estudio de esta disciplina son las llamadas unidades fraseológicas y éstas hacen referencia sobre todo a los modismos y colocaciones. Sin embargo, ha habido una gran indeterminación respecto a estos objetos de estudio y existe poco acuerdo en cuanto a la noción de lo que constituye una unidad fraseológica. El objetivo de este estudio es ofrecer una introducción útil al concepto de modismo y de colocación así como a la polémica que existe en esta disciplina.Phraseology is a relatively young area of research that became a discipline in its own right during the last century. Its objects of study are called phraseological units and these are mainly referred to as idioms and collocations. However, there has been a big indeterminacy regarding these objects of research and there is little agreement around the notion of what constitutes a phraseological unit. The goal of this study is to offer a useful introduction to the concept of idiom and collocation as well as to the controversy that embraces this discipline

Un estudio de caso de Futurvalía Multiservicios Empresariales

Las personas con discapacidad han sido históricamente un grupo de la sociedad con especiales dificultades de acceso al marco de Derechos Fundamentales. Su inclusión en el mercado laboral suele estar marcado por la estigmatización por parte de quienes les emplean lo que provoca que su tasa de empleo sea especialmente reducida en comparación con las personas sin discapacidad. El presente artículo propone una serie de indicadores de cuantificación y monetización del impacto social generado por la implantación de acciones de Responsabilidad Social Empresarial orientadas a la inclusión laboral de las personas con discapacidad, que complementan y están alineados con el estándar 401 y 413 del GRI (Global Reporting Initiative). Las conclusiones establecen que los niveles de absentismo son inferiores a la media nacional, contribuyendo así a la reducción de los estereotipos o estigmatización. Desde el punto de vista financiero, la inclusión laboral de este segmento de la población proporciona un fuerte impacto a la Administración Pública, tanto desde el ahorro como desde los ingresos directos. Y, finalmente, el acceso al mercado laboral supone un desarrollo personal y profesional para el empleado con discapacidad, que contribuye a la reducción de su nivel de apoyo y a la normalización en su puesto de trabajo

MGRN1 as a Phenotypic Determinant of Human Melanoma Cells and a Potential Biomarker

Mahogunin Ring Finger 1 (MGRN1), a ubiquitin ligase expressed in melanocytes, interacts with the α melanocyte-stimulating hormone receptor, a well-known melanoma susceptibility gene. Previous studies showed that MGRN1 modulates the phenotype of mouse melanocytes and melanoma cells, with effects on pigmentation, shape, and motility. Moreover, MGRN1 knockdown augmented the burden of DNA breaks in mouse cells, indicating that loss of MGRN1 promoted genomic instability. However, data concerning the roles of MGRN1 in human melanoma cells remain scarce. We analyzed MGRN1 knockdown in human melanoma cells. Transient MGRN1 depletion with siRNA or permanent knockdown in human melanoma cells by CRISPR/Cas9 caused an apparently MITF-independent switch to a more dendritic phenotype. Lack of MGRN1 also increased the fraction of human cells in the S phase of the cell cycle and the burden of DNA breaks but did not significantly impair proliferation. Moreover, in silico analysis of publicly available melanoma datasets and estimation of MGRN1 in a cohort of clinical specimens provided preliminary evidence that MGRN1 expression is higher in human melanomas than in normal skin or nevi and pointed to an inverse correlation of MGRN1 expression in human melanoma with patient survival, thus suggesting potential use of MGRN1 as a melanoma biomarker.This research was funded by grant SAF2018_RTI2018-094929-B-I00 financed by FEDER/Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación—Agencia Estatal de Investigación (Spain) (to C.J.-C. and J.C.G.-B.), and by grant UPV/EHU GIU20/035 (to S.A and M.D.B.)

Gasdermin B expression predicts poor clinical outcome in HER2-positive breast cancer

Altres ajuts: This work has been supported by the Community of Madrid (grant S2010/BMD-2303 to GMB), the Breast Cancer Research Foundation (BCRF) to JA. Alba Mota is a predoctoral student supported by a FPU fellowship (Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport). David Sarrio is a postdoctoral researcher funded by the AECC Scientific Foundation.Around, 30-40% of HER2-positive breast cancers do not show substantial clinical benefit from the targeted therapy and, thus, the mechanisms underlying resistance remain partially unknown. Interestingly, ERBB2 is frequently co-amplified and co-expressed with neighbour genes that may play a relevant role in this cancer subtype. Here, using an in silico analysis of data from 2,096 breast tumours, we reveal a significant correlation between Gasdermin B (GSDMB) gene (located 175 kilo bases distal from ERBB2) expression and the pathological and clinical parameters of poor prognosis in HER2-positive breast cancer. Next, the analysis of three independent cohorts (totalizing 286 tumours) showed that approximately 65% of the HER2-positive cases have GSDMB gene amplification and protein over-expression. Moreover, GSDMB expression was also linked to poor therapeutic responses in terms of lower relapse free survival and pathologic complete response as well as positive lymph node status and the development of distant metastasis under neoadjuvant and adjuvant treatment settings, respectively. Importantly, GSDMB expression promotes survival to trastuzumab in different HER2-positive breast carcinoma cells, and is associated with trastuzumab resistance phenotype in vivo in Patient Derived Xenografts. In summary, our data identifies the ERBB2 co-amplified and co-expressed gene GSDMB as a critical determinant of poor prognosis and therapeutic response in HER2-positive breast cancer

Moringa oleifera leaf supplementation as a glycemic control strategy in subjects with prediabetes

This article belongs to the Section Phytochemicals and Human Health.Moringa oleifera (MO) is a multipurpose plant with a high polyphenol content, which is being increasingly consumed to lessen the risk of chronic metabolic diseases such as Type 2 diabetes; however, scientific evidence from clinical trials is scarce. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel group intervention study with MO leaves as a food supplement was conducted in subjects with prediabetes. They consumed six daily capsules of MO dry leaf powder (2400 mg/day) (MO, n = 31) or placebo (PLC, n = 34) over 12 weeks. Glycemia, appetite-controlling hormones and gut microbiota composition were studied. ANCOVA with the fixed factor “treatment” and the basal value as covariate was used to compare the change score between the groups. The results showed significant differences between groups in the rate of change of fasting blood glucose (FBG) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), which showed opposite directions during the intervention, decreasing in MO and increasing in PLC. No different change scores were found between the groups in microbiota, hepatic and renal function markers or the appetite-controlling hormones measured. In conclusion, MO supplementation resulted in favorable changes in glycaemia markers compared to placebo in the subjects with prediabetes studied, suggesting that MO might act as a natural antihyperglycemic agent.This article is part of the R + D + i Project AGL2017-86044-C2-1-R, funded by CIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/ and “ERDF A way of making Europe”.Peer reviewe

The Comparative Treatment of Intraventricular Chemotherapy by Ommaya Reservoir vs. Lumbar Puncture in Patients With Leptomeningeal Carcinomatosis

Object: Leptomeningeal Carcinomatosis (LCM) represents a state of systemic malignant disease with poor prognosis. The purpose of this study is to compare overall survival (OS) between intraventricular chemotherapy through Ommaya reservoir (OR) and chemotherapy through lumbar puncture (LP) in LCM.Patients and Methods: Forty adult patients with LCM were included. All patients underwent lumbar puncture and Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Thirty patients received chemotherapy through LP and 10 undergone colocation of Ommaya reservoir for intraventricular chemotherapy.Results: The most common symptom was headache (Present in 50%). The cranial nerves most affected were VI and VII. Leptomeningeal enhancement was the most frequent finding in MRI. The OS in the LP group was 4 months and Ommaya group was 9.2 months (p = 0.0006; CI:1.8-3), with statistical differences in favor to Intraventricular treatment. Proportional hazard regression showed that receiving chemotherapy through Ommaya reservoir was a protective factor (Hazard ratio = 0.258, Standard Error = 0.112, p = 0.002 and 95% CI 0.110-0.606). Using KPS as a factor did not affect the hazard ratio of Ommaya reservoir itself.Conclusions: OS was significantly higher in patients with Ommaya reservoir in spite of Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) previous to chemotherapy. Therefore, intraventricular chemotherapy should be preferred over lumbar puncture chemotherapy administration if there are resources available

Una propuesta de estructura de coordinación docente horizontal y vertical para la Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena (UPCT)

[ESP] La UPCT no disponía de una estructura generalizada de coordinación docente hasta el presente curso 2012 -2013. Un equipo docente ha trabajado en el diseño de un modelo completo de coordinación, revisando numerosas publicaciones, incorporando actuaciones que ya funcionan de manera puntual en la UPCT y ensayando nuevos mecanismos de coordinación. El modelo establece órganos de coordinación, metodologías concretas y un nuevo listado reducido de competencias genéricas. La propuesta contempla todos los aspectos relevantes de la coordinación docente y puede adaptarse a las características de cada centro. [ENG] During the course 2012-2013, a team of expe1is from the Technical University of Cartagena (UPCT) has designed and developed a model for vertical and horizontal teaching coordination. The work included compiling and analyzing models from other Universities, selecting some already-working methodologies, and developing new ones. The designed model includes a new list of generic skills and coordination structures and too Is that fít the coordination needs of any UPCT Centre

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of thymoma-associated myasthenia gravis

[Background and purpose] Prognosis of myasthenia gravis (MG) in patients with thymoma is not well established. Moreover, it is not clear whether thymoma recurrence or unresectable lesions entail a worse prognosis of MG.[Methods] This multicenter study was based on data from a Spanish neurologist-driven MG registry. All patients were aged >18 years at onset and had anti-acetylcholine receptor antibodies. We compared the clinical data of thymomatous and nonthymomatous patients. Prognosis of patients with recurrent or nonresectable thymomas was assessed.[Results] We included 964 patients from 15 hospitals; 148 (15.4%) had thymoma-associated MG. Median follow-up time was 4.6 years. At onset, thymoma-associated MG patients were younger (52.0 vs. 60.4 years, p < 0.001), had more generalized symptoms (odds ratio [OR]: 3.02, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.95–4.68, p < 0.001) and more severe clinical forms according to the Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America (MGFA) scale (OR: 1.6, 95% CI: 1.15–2.21, p = 0.005). Disease severity based on MGFA postintervention status (MGFA-PIS) was higher in thymomatous patients at 1 year, 5 years, and the end of follow-up. Treatment refractoriness and mortality were also higher (OR: 2.28, 95% CI: 1.43–3.63, p = 0.001; hazard ratio: 2.46, 95% CI: 1.47–4.14, p = 0.001). Myasthenic symptoms worsened in 13 of 27 patients with recurrences, but differences in long-term severity were not significant. Fifteen thymomatous patients had nonresectable thymomas with worse MGFA-PIS and higher mortality at the end of follow-up.[Conclusions] Thymoma-associated MG patients had more severe myasthenic symptoms and worse prognosis. Thymoma recurrence was frequently associated with transient worsening of MG, but long-term prognosis did not differ from nonrecurrent thymoma. Patients with nonresectable thymoma tended to present severe forms of MG.This work is supported by Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias (FIS) grant FIS19/01774, Instituto de Salud Carlos III and cofunded by the European Union (ERDF/ESF, A Way to Make Europe/Investing in Your Future). Rodrigo Álvarez-Velasco was supported by a PhD for Medical Doctors grant from the Pla Estratègic de Recerca i Innovació en Salut (PERIS), Generalitat de Catalunya (SLT008/18/00207). Elena Cortés-Vicente was supported by a Juan Rodés grant (JR19/00037) from the Fondo de Investigación en Salud, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministry of Health (Spain).Peer reviewe

Enseñanza de la Lingüística desde una perspectiva trilingüe

El presente trabajo recoge la investigación llevada a cabo en la asignatura “Lingüística General II” (31721), 6 ECTS de formación básica del segundo curso de los grados en lenguas modernas (español, inglés, francés, catalán y árabe) que se ofertan en la Facultad de Filosofía y Letras de la Universidad de Alicante (UA). La asignatura, impartida en inglés, valenciano y castellano desde hace cuatro años a unos doscientos estudiantes, combina la formación teórica con actividades prácticas a partes iguales. Continuando con la labor que iniciamos el curso pasado, la red de investigación creada para trabajar sobre esta materia, central para el área de Lingüística General de la UA, presenta aquí tanto el diseño y revisión de prácticas en las tres lenguas vehiculares como la evaluación que el alumnado realiza sobre el desarrollo de estas actividades en el aula, a fin de introducir las mejoras necesarias

Epigenetic loss of RNA‑methyltransferase NSUN5 in glioma targets ribosomes to drive stress adaptive translational program

Tumors have aberrant proteomes that often do not match their corresponding transcriptome profiles. One possible cause of this discrepancy is the existence of aberrant RNA modification landscapes in the so-called epitranscriptome. Here, we report that human glioma cells undergo DNA methylation-associated epigenetic silencing of NSUN5, a candidate RNA methyltransferase for 5-methylcytosine. In this setting, NSUN5 exhibits tumor-suppressor characteristics in vivo glioma models. We also found that NSUN5 loss generates an unmethylated status at the C3782 position of 28S rRNA that drives an overall depletion of protein synthesis, and leads to the emergence of an adaptive translational program for survival under conditions of cellular stress. Interestingly, NSUN5 epigenetic inactivation also renders these gliomas sensitive to bioactivatable substrates of the stress-related enzyme NQO1. Most importantly, NSUN5 epigenetic inactivation is a hallmark of glioma patients with long-term survival for this otherwise devastating disease