Prarancangan Pabrik Bioetanol Dari Jerami Padi Dengan Proses Hidrolisis Dan Fermentasi Kapasitas 64.000 Kilo Liter/Tahun

Pabrik ini menggunakan jerami padi sebagai bahan baku. Emisi karbon dari bahan bakar alternatif ini yaitu lebih rendah daripada premium sehingga lebih ramah lingkungan. Bioetanol dapat digunakan sebagai bahan baku industri turunan alkohol, bahan dasar industri farmasi, campuran bahan bakar untuk kendaraan dan lain-lain. Bioetanol yang dimanfaatkan sebagai campuran bahan bakar untuk kendaraan harus betul-betul kering dan anhydrous supaya tidak korosif, sehingga etanol/bioetanol harus mempunyai grade sebesar 99,5-100%-vol. Produksi jerami padi di Jawa Timur berkisar antara 10 juta ton pertahun. Dengan jumlah yang cukup besar tersebut, jerami padi yang merupakan limbah sisa saat padi dipanen, dapat menjadi salah satu alternatif bahan baku bioetanol yang cukup bagus di Indonesia. Bioetanol dapat diperoleh melalui proses fermentasi yang melibatkan mikroorganisme. Mikroorganisme yang digunakan adalah Trichordema Reesei yang menghasilkan enzim selulase yang dapat memecah selulosa. Digunakan juga Zymomonas Mobilis yang dapat mengkorversi glukosa menjadi bioetanol. Sebelum proses fermentasi, umpan berupa jerami padi dimasukkan ke dalam tangki hidrolisis untuk memecah lignin. Proses yang dipilih adalah hidrolisis enzim. Setelah proses hidrolisis, masuk ke dalam proses fermentasi. Setelah kurun waktu tertentu dan proses fermentasi selesai, dilanjutkan dengan proses distilasi yang kemudian menuju proses adsorbsi menggunakan molecular sieve sehingga diperoleh bioetanol dengan kadar 99,5%. Proses pembuatan bioetanol ini berlangsung selama 24 jam/hari, selama 330 hari/tahun dengan perencanaan sebagai berikut: Kapasitas produksi : 64.000 kL/tahun Bahan baku jerami padi : 4.077.921,29 ton/tahun Pabrik bioetanol ini akan didirikan pada tahun 2018 di Kabupaten Malang, Jawa Timur. Karena berdekatan dengan bahan baku, dan adanya kemudahan dalam memenuhi kebutuhan air. Dari segi analisa ekonomi diperoleh hasil-hasil sebagai berikut : Modal Tetap (FCI) : Rp. 100.517.092.113,88 Modal Kerja (WCI) : Rp. 17.738.310.373,04 Total Investasi (TCI) : Rp. 118.255.402.486,91 Internal Rate of Return : 62,84 % Pay Out Time : 1,37 tahun BEP : 42,32 % Dari uraian di atas, secara teknis dan ekonomis, pabrik ini layak untuk didirikan

Mixed monolayers of eicosylamine and a bacterial-ferritin prepared by adsorption technique at the air-water interface

II Encuentro sobre nanociencia y nanotecnología de investigadores y tecnólogos de la Universidad de Córdoba. NANOUC

Preparación de monocapas en la interfase aire-agua: estudio de las propiedades de adsorción de una nueva bacterioferritina

II Encuentro sobre nanociencia y nanotecnología de investigadores y tecnólogos de la Universidad de Córdoba. NANOUC

Simulating potential growth and yield of oil palm with PALMSIM

The growing demand for palm oil can be met by reducing the gap between potential yield and actual yield. Simulation models can quantify potential yield, and therefore indicate the scope for intensification. A relatively simple physiological approach was used to develop PALMSIM, which is a model that simulates, on a monthly time step, the potential growth of oil palm as determined by solar radiation in high rainfall environments. The model was used to map potential yield for Indonesia and Malaysia. This map could be used to identify degraded areas that have high yield potential for oil palm

Search for the Flavor-Changing Neutral Current Decay D0→μ+μ−D^0 \to \mu^+\mu^- with the HERA-B Detector

We report on a search for the flavor-changing neutral current decay $D^0 \to \mu^+\mu^-$ using $50 \times 10^6$ events recorded with a dimuon trigger in interactions of 920 GeV protons with nuclei by the HERA-B experiment. We find no evidence for such decays and set a 90% confidence level upper limit on the branching fraction $Br(D^0 \to \mu^+\mu^-) <2.0 \times 10^{-6}$.Comment: 17 pages, 4 figures (of which 1 double), paper to be submitted to Physics Letters

Measurement of the J/Psi Production Cross Section in 920 GeV/c Fixed-Target Proton-Nucleus Interactions

The mid-rapidity (dsigma_(pN)/dy at y=0) and total sigma_(pN) production cross sections of J/Psi mesons are measured in proton-nucleus interactions. Data collected by the HERA-B experiment in interactions of 920 GeV/c protons with carbon, titanium and tungsten targets are used for this analysis. The J/Psi mesons are reconstructed by their decay into lepton pairs. The total production cross section obtained is sigma_(pN)(J/Psi) = 663 +- 74 +- 46 nb/nucleon. In addition, our result is compared with previous measurements

Development and evaluation of an emulsion containing lycopene for combating acceleration of skin aging

Licopeno é um carotenóide com potente atividade antioxidante encontrado em grande quantidade no tomate e usado no combate a diversas doenças como doenças cardiovasculares e diferentes tipos de cânceres, incluindo o câncer de próstata. O objetivo desse trabalho foi desenvolver uma emulsão contendo extrato de licopeno obtido do tomate salada e avaliar a citotoxicidade do extrato, a estabilidade, o comportamento reológico, atividade antioxidante e permeação do fitocosmético. O cosmético foi desenvolvido utilizando fase oleosa contendo derivados de Karité e submetido à avaliação da estabilidade físico-química, espalhabilidade, análise térmica, comportamento reológico, qualidade microbiológica, citotoxicidade, atividade antioxidante e testes de permeação e retenção cutânea. Os resultados demonstraram que o fitocosmético é estável, apresenta comportamento reológico desejável para uma formulação tópica e é um produto promissor para ser utilizado no combate à aceleração do envelhecimento cutâneo.Lycopene, a carotenoid and potent antioxidant is found in large quantities in tomatoes. Lycopene combats diseases, such as cardiovascular disease and different types of cancer, including prostate cancer. However, its topical use in emulsion form for the combat of skin aging is under-explored. The aim of the present study was to develop an emulsion containing lycopene extracted from salad tomatoes and evaluate its cytotoxicity, stability, rheological behavior, antioxidant activity and phytocosmetic permeation. The developed cosmetic comprised an oil phase made up of shea derivatives and was evaluated in terms of its physiochemical stability, spreadability, thermal analysis, rheological behavior, microbiological quality, cytotoxicity, antioxidant activity, cutaneous permeation and retention. The results demonstrate that this phytocosmetic is stable, exhibits satisfactory rheological behavior for a topical formula and is a promising product for combating skin aging