Scanning microSQUID Force Microscope

A novel scanning probe technique is presented: Scanning microSQUID Force microscopy (SSFM). The instrument features independent topographic and magnetic imaging. The SSFM operates in a dilution refrigerator in cryogenic vacuum. Sample and probe can be cooled to 0.45 K. The probe consists of a microSQUID placed at the edge of a silicon chip attached to a quartz tuning fork. A topographic vertical resolution of 0.02 micrometer is demonstrated and magnetic flux as weak as $10^{-3} \Phi_{0}$ is resolved with a 1 micrometer diameter microSQUID loop.Comment: submitted to Review of Scientific Instrument

Direct observation of vortices in an array of holes at low temperature: temperature dependance and first visualization of localized superconductivity

A scanning micro superconducting quantum interference device (microSQUID) microscope is used to directly image vortices in a superconducting Al thin film. We observe the temperature dependence of the vortex distribution in a regular defect (hole) array patterned into the Al film. The first direct observation of the localized superconducting state around the holes is shown as well as the effect of the hole size on nucleation of the superconducting state

Les saint-simoniennes en Égypte. Analyse critique d'un modèle d'émancipation

Le but de cet article est d'analyser l'influence et le développement méconnus des saintsimoniennes et de leur idée sur la transformation féminine en Égypte, à partir de leurs textes, et surtout de la figure centrale de Suzanne Voilquin et de son ouvrage autobiographique, mais aussi celles de Clorinde Rogé, Cécile Fournel et Agarithe Caussidère.El propósito de este artículo es analizar la poca conocida influencia y el desarrollo de las sansimonianas y de su idea de la transformación femenina en Egipto, a partir de sus textos y, sobre todo, de la figura central de Suzanne Voilquin y de su obra de carácter autobiográfico, pero también de la de Clorinde Rogé, Cécile Fournel y Agarithe Caussidère.The purpose of this article is the analysis of the little-known influence and the development of the Saint-Simonians and their idea of the transformation of women in Egypt. My work is based on their texts, and especially on the study of their central figure, Suzanne Voilquin, and her autobiographical work, without forgetting the work of Clorinde Rogé, Cécile Fournel and Agarithe Caussidère

Las sansimonianas y sus escritos

Este artículo presenta un recorrido por la suerte crítica del sansimonismo y, más específicamente, de sus representantes femeninas, poniendo especial atención en la diversa tipología de escritos producidos por aquéllas y su tratamiento de la "cuestión de la mujer", y destacando las aportaciones de Claire Demar y Suzanne Voilquin

Las sansimonianas en Egipto. Análisis crítico de un modelo de emancipación

Le but de cet article est d’analyser l’influence et le développement méconnus des saintsimoniennes et de leur idée sur la transformation féminine en Égypte, à partir de leurs textes, et surtout de la figure centrale de Suzanne Voilquin et de son ouvrage autobiographique, mais aussi celles de Clorinde Rogé, Cécile Fournel et Agarithe Caussidère.The purpose of this article is the analysis of the little-known influence and the development of the Saint-Simonians and their idea of the transformation of women in Egypt. My work is based on their texts, and especially on the study of their central figure, Suzanne Voilquin, and her autobiographical work, without forgetting the work of Clorinde Rogé, Cécile Fournel and Agarithe Caussidère.El propósito de este artículo es analizar la poca conocida influencia y el desarrollo de las sansimonianas y de su idea de la transformación femenina en Egipto, a partir de sus textos y, sobre todo, de la figura central de Suzanne Voilquin y de su obra de carácter autobiográfico, pero también de la de Clorinde Rogé, Cécile Fournel y Agarithe Caussidère

Françoise Collin – Marcos De Seu Itinerário, Projeto E Alcance Internacional

20174

Observation of vortex coalescence in the anisotropic spin-triplet superconductor Sr2_{2}RuO4_{4}

We present direct imaging of magnetic flux structures in the anisotropic, spin-triplet superconductor Sr$_{2}$RuO$_{4}$ using a scanning $\mu$SQUID microscope. Individual quantized vortices were seen at low magnetic fields. Coalescing vortices forming flux domains were revealed at intermediate fields. Based on our observations we suggest that a mechanism intrinsic to the material stabilizes the flux domains against the repulsive vortex-vortex interaction. Topological defects like domain walls can provide this, implying proof for unconventional chiral superconductivity.Comment: submitted to PR

Observation of Vortex Coalescence, Vortex Chains and Crossing Vortices in the Anisotropic Spin-Triplet Superconductor Sr2RuO4Sr_2 Ru O_4

Scanning $\mu$SQUID force microscopy is used to study magnetic flux structures in single crystals of the layered spin triplet superconductor Sr$\_{2}$RuO$\_{4}$. Images of the magnetic flux configuration above the $\vec{a}\vec{b}$-face of the cleaved crystal are acquired, mostly after field-cooling the sample. For low applied magnetic fields, individual vortices are observed, each carrying a single quantum of flux. Above 1 gauss, coalescence of vortices is discovered. The coalescing vortices may indicate the presence of domains of a chiral order parameter. When the applied field is tilted from the $\vec{c}$-axis, we observe a gradual transition from vortex domains to vortex chains. The in-plane component of the applied magnetic field transforms the vortex domains to vortex chains by aligning them along the field direction.This behavior and the inter-chain distance varies in qualitative agreement with the Ginzburg Landau theory of anisotropic 3D superconductors. The effective mass anisotropy of Sr$\_{2}$RuO$\_{4}$, $\gamma$=20, is the highest observed in three dimensional superconductors. When the applied field is closely in plane, the vortex form flux channels confined between the crystal-layers. Residual Abrikosov vortices are pinned preferentially on these channels. Thus the in-plane vortices are decorated by crossing Abrikosov vortices: two vortex orientations are apparent simultaneously, one along the layers and the other perpendicular to the layers.Comment: to appear in Physica C M2S conference Dresde

Getting by at the Benjamin Mays Black Branch: Library Access for African Americans in Jim Crow South Carolina, 1940-1971

This thesis examines a chapter of South Carolina history that has been neglected in the historical record, namely segregated libraries of the twentieth century. Previous works have covered the history of black libraries in the entire South, but details of South Carolina\u27s segregated libraries are incomplete. This study looks first at the broader context of segregated libraries in the American South and then reviews the history of African American libraries in South Carolina. Finally, this study provides a case study of the Benjamin Mays Library, a segregated, African American library in Greenwood, South Carolina. The case study uses primary source documents and oral history interviews to establish the library\u27s background and history, with a focus on progress toward integration. The record of this library and the broader background on South Carolina\u27s black libraries will illustrate that there was no one single catalyst for black library establishment in South Carolina. Rather several agents developed and maintained segregated libraries throughout the state until desegregation in the 1960s and 1970s

ALFONSO GONZÁLEZ, JOSÉ [Material gráfico]

Copia digital. Madrid : Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte, 201