Magyar Tanítóképző 54 (1941) 9

Magyar Tanítóképző A Tanítóképző-intézeti Tanárok Országos Egyesületének folyóirata 54. évfolyam, 9. szám Budapest, 1941. szeptembe

Bottom up ethics - neuroenhancement in education and employment

Neuroenhancement involves the use of neurotechnologies to improve cognitive, affective or behavioural functioning, where these are not judged to be clinically impaired. Questions about enhancement have become one of the key topics of neuroethics over the past decade. The current study draws on in-depth public engagement activities in ten European countries giving a bottom-up perspective on the ethics and desirability of enhancement. This informed the design of an online contrastive vignette experiment that was administered to representative samples of 1000 respondents in the ten countries and the United States. The experiment investigated how the gender of the protagonist, his or her level of performance, the efficacy of the enhancer and the mode of enhancement affected support for neuroenhancement in both educational and employment contexts. Of these, higher efficacy and lower performance were found to increase willingness to support enhancement. A series of commonly articulated claims about the individual and societal dimensions of neuroenhancement were derived from the public engagement activities. Underlying these claims, multivariate analysis identified two social values. The Societal/Protective highlights counter normative consequences and opposes the use enhancers. The Individual/Proactionary highlights opportunities and supports use. For most respondents these values are not mutually exclusive. This suggests that for many neuroenhancement is viewed simultaneously as a source of both promise and concern

On gene editing and its uses: the views of the public

Rapid advances in genome editing, including CRISPR-Cas9 endonucleases, and their potential application in medicine and enhancement have been hotly debated by scientists and ethicists. Although a veto on germ line gene editing has been proposed1, the use of gene editing on human cells in the clinical context remains controversial, particularly for interventions aimed at enhancement2. In a report on human genome editing the US National Academy of Sciences (NAS) note that “important questions raised with respect to genome editing include how to incorporate societal values into salient clinical and policy consideration”3. We report here our research that opens a window onto what the public think

Public views on gene editing and its uses

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