Inter-rater and intra-rater reliability of the extended TUG test in elderly participants

Background: To analyse the reliability, variance and execution time of the Extended Timed Up and Go (Extended TUG) test in three age groups of elderly participants (G1: 55–64 years; G2: 65–74 years; G3: 75–85 years). Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study of 114 recruited participants (63 women) of average age 70.17 (± 7.3) years was undertaken. Each participant performed the Extended TUG three consecutive times, with a rest break between tests of 120 s. Both the intragroup and intergroup reliability of the measurements in the Extended TUG were analysed. Results: The reliability of the Extended TUG test is excellent for the first and second decades but drops down to good for the third decade. Specifically, intragroup reliability ranged from 0.784 for G3 to 0.977 for G1 (G2 = 0.858). Intergroup reliability, compared with intragroup reliability, was slightly lower, ranging between 0.779 for G3 and 0.972 for G1 (G2 = 0.853). Conclusion: The reliability of the Extended TUG test progressively decreases with increasing age, being excellent for the younger age groups and good for the oldest age group

Description of new rhopalocera for Colombia and Panama (INSECTA: LEPIDOPTERA)

En este artículo se describen para Colombia y Panamá como nuevas especies y subespecies a: Mimia phydile tatamaensis Salazar & Vargas ssp. n.; Dion carmenta caucana Salazar & Vargas ssp. n.; Entheus matho marmato Salazar & Vargas ssp. n.; Carystoides sylvestris Vargas & Salazar sp. n.; Carystoides sylvestris Vargas & Salazar sp. n.; Talides montezuma Geale & Salazar n. sp; Carystoides hondura pacifica Vargas & Salazar ssp.n; Oxynetra confusa franciscana Salazar & Vargas ssp.n;Mesosemia metuana montezuma Salazar, Geale & Rodríguez ssp.n; Olyra insignis brandarisiDelgado-Botello. ssp; Hyalyris excelsa azuerensis Delgado-Botello. ssp; Ithomia heraldica valleantonera Delgado-Botello n. ssp; Oleria paula embera Delgado-Botello n. ssp; y Callithomia hezia punctata Delgado-Botello n. spp.This paper describes new species and subspecies of Rhopalocera for Colombia and Panamá as follows: Mimia phydile tatamaensis Salazar & Vargas ssp. n; Dion carmenta caucana Salazar & Vargas ssp.n; Entheus matho marmato Salazar & Vargas ssp.n.; Carystoides sylvestris Vargas & Salazar sp.n.; Carystoides sylvestris Vargas & Salazar sp.n.; Talides montezuma Geale & Salazar sp.n; Carystoides hondura pacifica Vargas & Salazar ssp.n; Oxynetra confusa franciscana Salazar & Vargas ssp.n;Mesosemia metuana Montezuma Salazar, Geale & Rodríguez ssp.n; Olyra insignis brandarisiDelgado-Botello ssp.n; Hyalyris excelsa azuerensis Delgado Botellos sp.n.; Ithomia heraldica valleantonera Delgado-Botellos sp.n; Oleria paula embera Delgado-Botello ssp.n; and Callithomia hezia punctata Delgado-Botello spp.n

La universidad ¿en la era del conectivismo? Un abordaje a las implicaciones en la investigación, la formación y la transferencia

RESUMEN El presente artículo presenta algunas cuestiones acerca de las implicaciones del uso de las nuevas tecnologías en la educación superior, en base a la creación de nuevo conocimiento generado mediante la disposición de información en repositorios on-line y su transformación por el constante diálogo al que se puede verse sometido todo conocimiento publicado y compartido en internet. Enfocando el punto de partida cronológico en la primera década del siglo XXI, se aborda inicialmente el marco del Conectivismo o la permanente interconectividad, como proceso de innovación y de cambio, mediante la inserción de tecnologías de la información y la comunicación en las aulas. El documento aborda tanto desde el proceso de investigación como facilitadoras de acceso al conocimiento; al proceso de formación virtual, y se ultima con algunos apuntes acerca de la transferencia del conocimiento con la sociedad en general. El apunte final del artículo aborda algunas cuestiones que suponen retos para la universidad en un contexto de hiperconectivismo, con la mayoría de los estudiantes más acostumbrados a entornos virtuales que los propios docentes, planteando interrogantes y realizando propuestas acerca de si la conectividad es un proceso irrevocable de transición hacia un nuevo modelo, y consecuencias no tan solo en el ámbito regional sino internacional, al ser el conocimiento un bien generado por muchos actores y necesitado de gestores que sean capaces de operar en esa virtualidad interconectada. ABSTRACT This paper presents some questions about the implications of the use of new technologies in higher education, based on the creation of new knowledge generated by the provision of knowledge in repositories and on- line processing by the constant dialogue that you can see all published subject knowledge and shared online. Focusing on the chronological starting point in the first decade of the twenty first addressed under connectivism or permanent interconnectivity, as a process of innovation and change, by inserting information technology and communication in the classroom both in the research process as facilitators of access to knowledge in the process of virtual training, and last with some notes about the transfer of knowledge to society in general. The final aim of the paper addresses some issues that pose challenges to the university in the context of hiperconectivismo, with most of the students accustomed to virtual environments that teachers themselves , raising questions and making suggestions about whether connectivity is a process irrevocable transition to a new model, and consequences not only regionally but internationally , as the knowledge generated for a good many actors and managers need to be able to operate in this interconnected virtualit

Voltammetric determination of antihypertensive drug hydrochlorothiazide using screen-printed electrodes modified with L- glutamic acid

This work deals with the development of screen-printed carbon electrodes modified with L-glutamic acid via two different approaches: electropolymerization (SPCE/PGA) and aryl diazonium electrochemical grafting (SPCE/EGA). SPCE/PGA and SPCE/EGA were analytically compared in the determination of hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) by differential pulse voltammetry. Both electrochemical characterization and analytical performance indicate that SPCE/EGA is a much better sensor for HCTZ. The detection and quantification limits were at the level of micromol L-1 with a very good linearity in the studied concentration range. In addition, the proposed SPCE/EGA was successfully applied for the determination of HCTZ in an anti-hypertensive drug with high reproducibility and good trueness

The Lysholm score: Cross cultural validation and evaluation of psychometric properties of the Spanish version

This study aims at assessing the validity and reliability of the Spanish version of the Lysholm score, a widely used instrument for assessing knee function and activity level after ligament injuries. Ninety-five participants (67.4% male, 22±5 years) completed the questionnaire twice within 7 days and a subsample of 42 participants completed a test-retest reliability. Reliability, validity and feasibility psychometric properties were studied. The validity of the questionnaire was analysed using ceiling and floor effects. Factor structure and construct validity were analysed with the SF-36, the Hip and Knee Questionnaire (HKQ) and one leg jump test (OLJT). Criterion validity with the SF-36 Physical State was moderate (r = 0.50 and p<0.01), poor and inverse relationship (r = -0.31, p<0.01) with HKQ and positive moderate (r = 0.59, p<0.01) with OLJT. Measurement error from MDC90 was 3.9%. Exploratory factor analysis demonstrated a one-factor solution explaining 51.5% of total variance. The x2 test for the one-factor model was significant (x2 = 29.58, df = 20, p < 0.08). Test-retest reliability level was high (ICC2.1 = 0.92, p<0.01) and also the internal consistency (α = 0.77). The Spanish Lysholm score demonstrated that it is a reliable and valid instrument that can be used to assess knee function after ligament injuries.This study takes place thanks to the additional funding from the University of Granada, Plan Propio de Investigación 2016, Excellence actions: Units of Excellence; Unit of Excellence on Exercise and Health (UCEES)

Forearm Muscle Activity During the Handgrip Test in Breast Cancer Survivors: A Cross-Sectional Study

We recruited 102 breast cancer survivors at a secondary care in Malaga. Included breast cancer survivors showed a good upper limb functionality but a reduced forearm muscle activity. Forearm muscle activity showed a poor significant correlation with the cancer-related fatigue . Handgrip strength also showed a poor correlation with the upper limb functionality. Both outcomes tended to lower values with higher levels of cancer-related fatigue. Introduction/Background: Breast cancer survivors (BCS) frequently show upper limb dysfunctions. The forearm muscle activity measured by surface electromyography (sEMG) in this population has not been studied. This study aimed to describe forearm muscle activity in BCS, as well as to assess its possible relationship with other variables related to upper limb functionality and cancer-related fatigue (CRF). Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out including 102 BCS as volunteers at a secondary care in Malaga, Spain. BCS were included if they were aged between 32 and 70 years old, without evidence of cancer recurrence at the time of recruitment. The forearm muscle activity (microvolts, μV) was assessed by sEMG during the handgrip test. The handgrip strength was assessed by dynamometry (kg), the upper limb functionality (%) was measured by the upper limb functional index (ULFI) question- naire and the CRF was also assessed by revised Piper Fatigue Scale (0-10 points). Results: BCS reported reduced forearm muscle activity (287.88 μV) and reduced handgrip strength (21.31 Kg), a good upper limb functionality (68.85%), and a moderate cancer-related fatigue (4.74). Forearm muscle activity showed a poor significant correlation (r = –0.223, P = .038) with the CRF. Handgrip strength showed a poor correlation with the upper limb functionality (r = 0.387, P < .001) and age (r=-0.200, P = .047)...Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málaga /CBU

União marital de fato: análise jurisprudencial a partir do direito à legalidade para os companheiros permanentes

Sexual exploitation of children and teenagers is a degrading form of child labor that is one of today’s most serious human rights violations. Th aim of this study, carried out by reviewing national and international literature, is to propose policies and actions to effctively prevent and eradicate sexual exploitation of children and teenagers, ensuring their healthy and balanced physical, psychological, intellectual, moral and social development.&nbsp;It was completed by the “Minorities, Discrimination and Effctiveness” Research Group of&nbsp;the Masters Program on Rights at the Law Center at the Unisal of São Paulo (EU Lorraine). It&nbsp;was associated with the III Latin American Seminar on Human Rights, Multiculturalism and&nbsp;Diversity in Latin America. Th research began in 2011 and was completed in 2012.La unión marital de hecho, como institución humana conformadora de familia, es una realidad y un tema fundamental para esta investigación, cuyo punto de partida es una introspección sobre la familia formada por vínculos naturales frente a la conformada por vínculo de matrimonio. Las grandes transformaciones culturales y el cambio de mentalidad alrededor de la familia, exigen mirar a cónyuges y compañeros permanentes en la misma esfera de&nbsp;valores derechos y deberes, por lo que el derecho a la igualdad es la piedra angular de los&nbsp;pronunciamientos de las Altas Cortes de cara a la situación de la familia en Colombia.A união marital de fato, como instituição humana conformadora de família, é uma realidade e um tema fundamental para esta pesquisa, cujo ponto de partida é uma introspecção sobre a família formada por vínculos naturais em relação à conformada por vínculo de matrimônio. As grandes transformações culturais e a mudança de mentalidade sobre a família exigem ver os cônjuges e companheiros permanentes na mesma esfera de valores, direitos e deveres, razão pela qual o direito à igualdade é a pedra angular dos pronunciamentos das Altas Cortes de cara à situação da família na Colômbia

Transmission of sheep‑bovine spongiform encephalopathy to pigs

Experimental transmission of the bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) agent has been successfully reported in pigs inoculated via three simultaneous distinct routes (intracerebral, intraperitoneal and intravenous). Sheep derived BSE (Sh-BSE) is transmitted more efficiently than the original cattle-BSE isolate in a transgenic mouse model expressing porcine prion protein. However, the neuropathology and distribution of Sh-BSE in pigs as natural hosts, and susceptibility to this agent, is unknown. In the present study, seven pigs were intracerebrally inoculated with Sh-BSE prions. One pig was euthanized for analysis in the preclinical disease stage. The remaining six pigs developed biological signs and histopathology revealed severe spongiform changes accompanied by astrogliosis and microgliosis throughout the central nervous system. Intracellular and neuropil-associated pathological prion protein (PrPSc) deposition was consistently observed in different brain sections and corroborated by Western blot. PrPSc was detected by immunohistochemistry and enzyme immunoassay in the following tissues in at least one animal: lymphoid tissues, peripheral nerves, gastrointestinal tract, skeletal muscle, adrenal gland and pancreas. PrPSc deposition was revealed by immunohistochemistry alone in the retina, optic nerve and kidney. These results demonstrate the efficient transmission of Sh-BSE in pigs and show for the first time that in this species propagation of bovine PrPSc in a wide range of peripheral tissues is possible. These results provide important insight into the distribution and detection of prions in non-ruminant animals

Should emergence models for Lolium rigidum be changed throughout climatic conditions? The case of Spain

Lolium rigidum Gaudin is a troublesome weed worldwide, and its distribution may increase due to climate change. It has become resistant to several herbicides and, therefore, its control is problematic. On the other hand, its seed biology, with little dormancy and short-term viability, can play a major role in reducing its seed bank, which would improve control of this weed. For this reason, knowledge of the emergence patterns of this species entails improvements for its management. In this work seeds from one population of L. rigidum, collected in Northeastern Spain, were distributed and sown in 11 sites across Spain, and its emergence was followed every 2–7 days for two growing seasons (2016-17 and 2017–18). These emergence sequences were compared with previously published thermal time and hydrothermal time based models, and new models were developed afterwards. The hydrothermal time based model did not significantly improve models based solely on thermal time. The accuracy of these newly developed models varied from site to site, but in general, they worked better for Northern locations than for Southern locations. Thus, the experimental sites were split between North and South, and specific models for each region were developed. The model developed for Northern sites worked very well, but the one for Southern sites needs improvement. This works reveals that, with regard to this weed species, probably different models should be developed for different climatic conditions. The model developed with data from Northern sites should be validated with local populations, while the one developed with data from Southern sites will probably need to be revised or newly developed with data from more Southern populations.The group from the University of Lleida-Agrotecnio would also like to thank the Spanish Goverment for partial funding, through project AGL2017-83325-C4-2-R (AEI/FEDER/UE)