2013 WSES guidelines for management of intra-abdominal infections

Peer reviewe

WSES Jerusalem guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of acute appendicitis

Acute appendicitis (AA) is among the most common cause of acute abdominal pain. Diagnosis of AA is challenging; a variable combination of clinical signs and symptoms has been used together with laboratory findings in several scoring systems proposed for suggesting the probability of AA and the possible subsequent management pathway. The role of imaging in the diagnosis of AA is still debated, with variable use of US, CT and MRI in different settings worldwide. Up to date, comprehensive clinical guidelines for diagnosis and management of AA have never been issued. In July 2015, during the 3rd World Congress of the WSES, held in Jerusalem (Israel), a panel of experts including an Organizational Committee and Scientific Committee and Scientific Secretariat, participated to a Consensus Conference where eight panelists presented a number of statements developed for each of the eight main questions about diagnosis and management of AA. The statements were then voted, eventually modified and finally approved by the participants to The Consensus Conference and lately by the board of co-authors. The current paper is reporting the definitive Guidelines Statements on each of the following topics: 1) Diagnostic efficiency of clinical scoring systems, 2) Role of Imaging, 3) Non-operative treatment for uncomplicated appendicitis, 4) Timing of appendectomy and in-hospital delay, 5) Surgical treatment 6) Scoring systems for intra-operative grading of appendicitis and their clinical usefulness 7) Non-surgical treatment for complicated appendicitis: abscess or phlegmon 8) Pre-operative and post-operative antibiotics.Peer reviewe

Current trend in synthesis, Post-Synthetic modifications and biological applications of Nanometal-Organic frameworks (NMOFs)

Since the early reports of MOFs and their interesting properties, research involving these materials has grown wide in scope and applications. Various synthetic approaches have ensued in view of obtaining materials with optimised properties, the extensive scope of application spanning from energy, gas sorption, catalysis biological applications has meant exponentially evolved over the years. The far‐reaching synthetic and PSM approaches and porosity control possibilities have continued to serve as a motivation for research on these materials. With respect to the biological applications, MOFs have shown promise as good candidates in applications involving drug delivery, BioMOFs, sensing, imaging amongst others. Despite being a while away from successful entry into the market, observed results in sensing, drug delivery, and imaging put these materials on the spot light as candidates poised to usher in a revolution in biology. In this regard, this review article focuses current approaches in synthesis, post functionalization and biological applications of these materials with particular attention on drug delivery, imaging, sensing and BioMOFs

Relationship between newborn Acid-Base status and umbilical cord morphology

ess the relationship between umbilical cord blood gases at birth and morphology of umbilical cord, in a prospective study of 200 consecutive term delivery, we investigated the relationship between umbilical cord morphology characteristics (umbilical crd length, number of vascular coil, coiling index) and color of amniotic fluid and umbilical vessel blood gases. Statistically significant linear correlation was found between umblicial venous PH and the umbilical cord length (r=0.39, 95% CI 0.25, 0.53, P<0.03), umber of vascular coils (r=0.45 95% CI 0.31-0.59 P<0.012), and coiling index (r=0.34, 95% CI 0.12-0.48, P<0.04), and also negative linear correlation was found between umbilical venous partial pressure of carbon dioxide & of coli (r=0.3, 95% CI –0.44, -0.16 P<0.03). No relation was found between umbilical cord indices and meconium staining of amniotic fluid.Placental weight also correlated with umbilical cord length (r=0.17, 95% CI 0.03-0.31, P<0.03), but not with umbilical cord coils or coiling index.Umbilical venous pH is related to umbilical cord morphology but umbilical venous PCO2 was only related to the number of coils and umbilicat artery pH wa only related to the number of coils and not related to length or coiling index of umbilical cord morphology. The morphology of umbilical cord can affect maternal-fetal gas exchang

A Case Report of Inflammatory Pseudo Tumor Retroperitoneal

ABSTRACT: Introduction & Objective: Inflammatory pseudo tumor is a lesion of unknown etiology which has been reported in numerous anatomic sites. It frequently simulates a true neoplasm both clinically and morphologically presenting a diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma. Inflammatory pseudo tumor appears as the most infrequent lesion in retro peritoneum. Case: The patient was a 36-year-old female who came with colicky abdominal pain 8 months before admission. Constipation, decreased appetite and history of fever were other complaints. On P/E the patient had abdominal tenderness without palpable mass or organomegaly or lymphadenopathy. Blood samples were within normal values. Sonographic imaging showed 6×6 cm sized retroperitoneal mass without para-aortic lymphadenopathy. Abdominal CT scan also showed a retroperitoneal mass that laparatomy performed for biopsy and mass completely excised and was sent for pathology. Pathological report was compatible with inflammatory pseudo-tumor. Because of this diagnosis we followed up for 6 month but did not find any recurrence. Conclusion: A retroperitoneal mass could be a benign lesion in which all the complaints can be cured after resection of the mass by surgery

Liquid Crystallinity as a Self-Assembly Motif for High-Efficiency, Solution-Processed, Solid-State Singlet Fission Materials

Solution and solution-deposited thin films of the discotic liquid crystalline electron acceptordonoracceptor (A-D-A) p-type organic semiconductor FHBC(TDPP)2, synthesized by coupling thienyl substituted diketopyrrolopyrrole (TDPP) onto a fluorenyl substituted hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene (FHBC) core, are examined by ultrafast and nanosecond transient absorption spectroscopy, and time-resolved photoluminescence studies to examine their ability to support singlet fission (SF). Grazing incidence wide-angle X-ray (GIWAX) studies indicate that as-cast thin films of FHBC(TDPP)2 are amorphous, while hexagonal packed discotic liquid crystalline films evolve during thermal annealing. SF in as-cast thin films is observed with an ≈150% triplet generation yield. Thermally annealing the thin films improves SF yields up to 170%. The as-cast thin films show no long-range order, indicating a new class of SF material where the requirement for local order and strong near neighbor coupling has been removed. Generation of long-lived triplets (µs) suggests that these materials may also be suitable for inclusion in organic solar cells to enhance performance