Le partenariat orthophoniste – psychologue dans la prise en charge d’un déficit d’expression

Parfois la prise en charge orthophonique rencontre une limite qui est l’aspect psychologique de la problématique. Le travail en collaboration avec un psychologue peut s’avérer nécessaire mais rencontre un certain nombre de contraintes qui rendent impossible cette participation. Cet article présente un outil qui encourage l’expression d’une problématique psychologique et éventuellement des réajustements internes à la personne sans intervention extérieure. Pour ce faire, l’Epreuve des Trois Arbres utilise la médiation de l’arbre, favorise le discours subjectif en écartant tout jugement. L’arbre a été choisi en raison des nombreuses analogies que l’esprit établit spontanément entre un être humain et un arbre. Suite à un accompagnement orthophonique, l’étude de cas présentée retrace une pratique qui comprend une phase test avec l’Epreuve des Trois Arbres, un accompagnement personnalisé basé sur la production de saynètes centrées sur le thème de l’arbre et une phase retest. L’approche phénoménologique qui vise l’expression d’un discours subjectif, a permis une évolution considérable du cas présenté en réinstallant des voies de sens depuis le point de vue du sujet. L’Epreuve des Trois Arbres constitue un outil pour dépasser des limitations disciplinaires au service de la personne

Historic Trends in the Secchi Disk Transparency of Lake Pontchartrain

A major environmental concern about Lake Pontchartrain is an assumed long-term increase in turbidity based on Secchi disk transparency observations. Regression of the available data on Secchi disk transparency versus time (1953 through 1990) reveals a statistically significant decrease in transparency of about 40%. However, the data set is biased in that it does not adequately represent the seasonal effects of salinity and wind speed. Two analytical procedures were undertaken to determine the extent to which the apparent long-term decrease in transparency was dependent on the seasonal bias. One procedure involved seasonal adjustment of the data for the effects of salinity and wind speed. The other procedure was to remove the seasonal bias by constructing unbiased data sets. Seasonal adjustment for the effects of salinity and wind speed reduced the level of significance for the relationship between Secchi disk transparency and time from about 1% to about 10%. This result indicates that some of the apparent decrease in transparency in the original data is the result of inadequate representation of seasonal effects in the biased data set. In most years data are not available for all months with the result that the seasonal effects of salinity and wind speed are not adequately represented. When the bias was removed by constructing unbiased data sets, the data no longer supported the conclusion of a statistically significant change in Secchi disk transparency from 1953 to 1990; p \u3e 0.5

Ancestral genome estimation reveals the history of ecological diversification in Agrobacterium

Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) is considered as a major source of innovation in bacteria, and as such is expected to drive adaptation to new ecological niches. However, among the many genes acquired through HGT along the diversification history of genomes, only a fraction may have actively contributed to sustained ecological adaptation. We used a phylogenetic approach accounting for the transfer of genes (or groups of genes) to estimate the history of genomes in Agrobacterium biovar 1, a diverse group of soil and plant-dwelling bacterial species. We identified clade-specific blocks of cotransferred genes encoding coherent biochemical pathways that may have contributed to the evolutionary success of key Agrobacterium clades. This pattern of gene coevolution rejects a neutral model of transfer, in which neighboring genes would be transferred independently of their function and rather suggests purifying selection on collectively coded acquired pathways. The acquisition of these synapomorphic blocks of cofunctioning genes probably drove the ecological diversification of Agrobacterium and defined features of ancestral ecological niches, which consistently hint at a strong selective role of host plant rhizospheres

La relaxation contre l’épuisement des soignants en maison de retraite

Cette recherche avec des professionnels en maison de retraite étudie l\u27effet d\u27un programme de relaxation sur le burn-out. Il s\u27agit de mesurer l\u27impact de la relaxation sur la pratique des soignants. Après un entrainement à la relaxation (Jacobson, 1938 ; Schultz, 1958), une évaluation du degré de tension ressentie par les soignants et des symptômes psychologiques et comportementaux présentés par les personnes dépendantes lors de la toilette est réalisée avec des questionnaires (Dovero, 1998 ; MBI, 1981 ; NPI-ES, 2000) remplis par les soignants avant et après l\u27entraînement. Cette recherche montre que l\u27entraînement et la pratique régulière de la relaxation diminuent les tensions ressenties par les soignants et l\u27appréhension suscitée par certains soins comme la toilette. De plus, elle ouvre des perspectives concernant l\u27influence de l\u27état interne du soignant sur l\u27évaluation des troubles du comportement présents chez les personnes dépendantes lors de situations de soin

Prevalence of and risk factors for suicidal ideation in adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study.

Pandemic-related life changes may have had a deleterious impact on suicidal behaviours. Early detection of suicidal ideation and identification of subgroups at increased risk could help prevent suicide, one of the leading causes of death among adolescents worldwide. Here, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of and risk factors for suicidal ideation in adolescents using a population-based sample from Switzerland, two years into the pandemic. Between December 2021 and June 2022, adolescents aged 14 to 17 years already enrolled in a population-based cohort study (State of Geneva, Switzerland) were asked about suicidal ideation over the previous year. In addition to a regression model, we conducted a network analysis of exposures which identified direct and indirect risk factors for suicidal ideation (i.e. those connected through intermediate risk factors) using mixed graphical models. Among 492 adolescents, 14.4% (95% CI: 11.5-17.8) declared having experienced suicidal ideation over the previous year. Using network analysis, we found that high psychological distress, low self-esteem, identifying as lesbian, gay or bisexual, suffering from bullying, extensive screen time and a severe COVID-19 pandemic impact were major risk factors for suicidal ideation, with parent-adolescent relationship having the highest centrality strength in the network. Our results show that a significant proportion of adolescents experience suicidal ideation, yet these rates are comparable with pre-pandemic results. Providing psychological support is fundamental, with a focus on improving parent-adolescent relationships

The influence of surface morphology and wettability on the inflammatory response against poly(L-lactic acid): A semi-quantitative study with monoclonal antibodies

In this study, the influence of surface morphology and wettability of both degradable and nondegradable polymer films on the inflammatory response after subcutaneous implantation in the rat was investigated. Degradable nonporous, porous, and combi (porous with a nonporous layer on one side) poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) films and nondegradable polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and (porous) expanded PTFE (e-PTFE) were used. Contact angles measurements indicate that PLLA is more hydrophillic than PTFE. Assessment of the inflammatory response was performed after various periods of implantation (up till 180 days), with both conventional light microscopy and immunohistochemistry using monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). The inflammatory response observed initially can largely be considered as part of the wound healing reaction, and up till day 40 the inflammatory response against PLLA was minimally more intense than against PTFE (porous as well as nonporous). From day 40 on, the PLLA films provoke a more intense inflammatory response as compared to the PTFE films. Both porous PLLA and the porous side of the combi PLLA film provoke a more intense inflammatory response than nonporous PLLA and the nonporous side of the combi PLLA film, respectively. In general, PTFE and e-PTFE films provoke an inflammatory response which is minimally more intense than the one provoked by the sham operation. Almost no ingrowth of tissue was observed in the porous e-PTFE films. In contrast, there was abundant tissue ingrowth in and an inflammatory response against porous PLLA. It can be concluded that biodegradable PLLA films provoke a more intense inflammatory response than nondegradable PTFE films. Also, porosity enhances the inflammatory response. However, porosity enhances the inflammatory response only when the wettability of a biomaterial permits cellular ingrowth

High Resolution Infrared Spectroscopy in Support of Ozone Atmospheric Monitoring and Validation of the Potential Energy Function

The first part of this review is a brief reminder of general information concerning atmospheric ozone, particularly related to its formation, destruction, observations of its decrease in the stratosphere, and its increase in the troposphere as a result of anthropogenic actions and solutions. A few words are said about the abandonment of the Airbus project Alliance, which was expected to be the substitute of the supersonic Concorde. This project is over due to the theoretical evaluation of the impact of a fleet in the stratosphere and has been replaced by the A380, which is now operating. The largest part is devoted to calculations and observations of the transitions in the infrared range and their applications for the atmosphere based both on effective models (Hamiltonian, symmetry rules, and dipole moments) and ab initio calculations. The complementarities of the two approaches are clearly demonstrated, particularly for the creation of an exhaustive line list consisting of more than 300,000 lines reaching experimental accuracies (from 0.00004 to 0.001 cm−1) for positions and a sub percent for the intensities in the 10 microns region. This contributes to definitively resolving the issue of the observed discrepancies between line intensity data in different spectral regions: between the infrared and ultraviolet ranges, on the one hand, and between 10 and 5 microns on the other hand. The following section is devoted to the application of recent work to improve the knowledge about the behavior of potential function at high energies. A controversial issue related to the shape of the potential function in the transition state range near the dissociation is discussed. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Funding: The activities of S.M. and E.S. were supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics SB RAS); the work of S.M. was also supported by Ural Federal University

Solution of Three-Constraint Entropy-Based Velocity Distribution

A two-dimensional velocity profile based upon the principle of maximum entropy (POME) for wide open channel flows is presented. The derivation is based on the conservation of mass and momentum. The resulting profile involves three parameters that are determined from observations of mean velocity and the velocity at the water surface. The velocity profile is verified using field data in a river with a live bed. A comparison with three existing methods shows that the profile presented is the most accurate of the three, especially near the bed

Chlamydia pneumoniae and Mycoplasma pneumoniae in children with cystic fibrosis: impact on bacterial respiratory microbiota diversity.

The contribution of intracellular and fastidious bacteria in Cystic fibrosis (CF) pulmonary exacerbations, and progressive lung function decline remains unknown. This project aimed to explore their impact on bacterial microbiota diversity over time in CF children. Sixty-one children enrolled in the MUCOVIB multicentre prospective cohort provided 746 samples, mostly nasopharyngeal swabs, throat swabs and sputa which were analysed using culture, specific real-time qPCRs and 16S rRNA amplicon metagenomics. Chlamydia pneumoniae (n = 3) and Mycoplasma pneumoniae (n = 1) were prospectively documented in 6.6% of CF children. Microbiota alpha-diversity in children with a documented C. pneumoniae was highly variable, similarly to children infected with Staphylococcus aureus or Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The transition from routine follow-up visits to pulmonary exacerbation (n = 17) yielded variable changes in diversity indexes with some extreme loss of diversity. The high rate of C. pneumoniae detection supports the need for regular screenings in CF patients. A minor impact of C. pneumoniae on the microbial community structure was documented. Although detected in a single patient, M. pneumoniae should also be considered as a possible aetiology of lung infection in CF subjects