Habilidad social y funcionamiento social en pacientes con esquizofrenia

Se indaga la relación entre habilidad social y funcionamiento social en 100 pacientes diagnosticados de esquizofrenia. Se evalúan las habilidades sociales mediante el Test de Interacción Social Simulada (SSIT) y las diferentes dimensiones del funcionamiento social, a partir de la Escala de Funcionamiento Social (SFS). Los resultados indican que las habilidades sociales están significativamente relacionadas con el funcionamiento social de los pacientes con esquizofrenia, indicando que las personas con mayor habilidad social tienden a presentar un mayor funcionamiento social y que esta correlación se produce fundamentalmente a expensas de dos de las dimensiones del funcionamiento social: comunicación y empleoThe relations between Social Skill and Social Functioning were examined in a group of 100 schizophrenic patients. Social skill and Social functioning were assessed with The Simulated Social Interacction Test (SSIT) and the Social Functioning Scale (SFS) respectively. The results indicated that social skills were significantly related to social functioning of patients with schizophrenia. Two dimensions of the Social Functioning Scale were particularly related to social skill: Comunication and Employment

Projectile motion revisited: Does the distance between the launcher and the object always increase?

In this paper, we have shown that parabolic motion from a critical launch angle has an unexpected property related to the distance between the object and the launcher. This distance decreases in a time interval that occurs between two moments: one, in which distance has a maximum and another in which it has a minimum. As it will be shown, this only happens in launch angles greater than cos∅c = 1/3, that is ∅c ≅ 70.53º. The launch we have studied occurs from the ground and we have not taken into account air friction. We have not considered the possible variations in the acceleration of gravity, that is, we have taken it as a constant throughout the movement of the projectile. We have used dimensionless coordinates so that the focus is on the angular variable. In addition, at the end of the study, we have used polar variables to visualize what happened. This is a very didactic approach, which can be used in the first year of STEM university degrees. It will also prove useful for teachers that wish to explain parabolic motion in their classes.AB is grateful to Universidad de Alicante (Spain) for help provided throughout the project GITE-09006-UA. IE is grateful to Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness for the help provided throughout the project RTI2018-099041-B-I00

Training coping skills and coping with stress self-efficacy for successful daily functioning and improved clinical status in patients with psychosis: A randomized controlled pilot study

The authors disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This research was partially supported by the financial aid provided to the Research Group CTS-267 by the Consejeria de Innovacion, Ciencia y Empresa, Junta de Andalucia (Spain).Due to the symptom diversity and pervasive function impairments (e.g. in perception, cognition, language, affect, behavior, daily and social functioning and sense of self), recurrent relapses, elevated disability, high rates of (co)morbidity, heightened premature mortality and high burden of care of psychotic disorders, psychosocial interventions are part of patients’ standard care. There is growing evidence on the relevance of self-efficacy for well-being and functioning among these patients, but specific coping with stress self-efficacy has rarely been investigated. This study explored the outcomes of an intervention for the improvement of coping resources based on training in coping skills and coping with stress self-efficacy. Fourteen adult volunteers with schizophrenia (n=12) or schizoaffective disorder (n=2) were matched in clinical and sociodemographic characteristics and randomly assigned to the study groups. The intervention group received the training—with 15 twice per week sessions (8 weeks)—along with their pharmacological therapy; the control group received their prescribed drug therapy. Participants completed self-reports on coping with stress self-efficacy, perceived successful daily functioning based on coping skills and clinical status (Expanded Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale). Trained patients showed a significant increase in coping with stress self-efficacy and reported greater successful functioning status, and significant improvements in their clinical status were also observed. All these enhancements remained at 3-month and 6-month follow-ups. The intervention condition interacted with coping with stress self-efficacy and perceived coping functioning in explaining improvements in clinical status: in the treatment group, greater coping with stress self-efficacy translated into enhanced daily functioning, and this improvement predicted better clinical status. These findings stress the relevance of promoting coping resources in psychotic disorders and provide preliminary evidence for the potential benefits of coping with stress self-efficacy.Junta de Andalucia CTS-26

Incidence of Diabetic Foot in the Podiatry Clinic of the University of La Coruña

La Diabetes Mellitus es una enfermedad de elevada incidencia en nuestro país, se sabe que afecta aproximadamente a un 5% de la población española generando un elevado coste económico derivado directamente de la enfermedad y sus complicaciones. Un 25% de los diabéticos tiene problemas en sus pies debido a la aparición de heridas crónicas (“pie diabético” y enfermedad vascular periférica), de tal forma que uno de cada quince diabéticos sufrirá amputación de una de sus extremidades inferiores, y de ellos, el 30-40% perderá la otra extremidad en 3 años. Convirtiendo a la DM en la principal causa de amputación no traumática. A través de este estudio pretendemos conocer la incidencia de diabéticos que acuden a la Clínica Universitaria de Podología, en adelante CUP y de patología asociada al síndrome de pie diabético con la finalidad de mejorar la prevención de aparición de lesiones a nivel de MMII derivadas de esta enfermedad.Diabetes Mellitus is a disease of high incident in our country, it is known that it (he, she) affects approximately 5 % of the Spanish population generating a high economic cost derived directly from the disease and his(her,your) complications. About a 25 % of the diabetics has problems in their feet, due to the appearance of chronic sores (“diabetic foot” and vascular peripheral disease), in such a way that one of every fifteen diabetics will suffer amputation of one of their low extremities, and of them, 30-40 % will lose another extremity in 3 years. Turning the DM into the principal reason of not traumatic amputation. Across this study we try to know the diabetics’ incident that they come to the CUP and of pathology associated with the syndrome of diabetic foot with the purpose of improving the prevention of appearance of injuries to MMII’s level derived from this disease

Género, clase y etnicidad en la producción de mezcal. Una genealogía familiar en Valles Centrales, Oaxaca

Mezcal is a spirit drink of profound historical and cultural value. Most of the production is handcrafted in rural and indigenous communities of Oaxaca, Mexico, where family labor is fundamental. This article analyzes gender, class and ethnicity relations in the history of a Zapotec family dedicated to mezcal production in San Baltazar Guelavila, Oaxaca. The methods used ranged from oral history, questionnaires, workshops, to interviews that resulted in a family genealogy. Five epochs in the production of mezcal throughout the 20th century were identified, which illustrate the process of appropriation of products from native peoples by the State and capital. Gender inequality is expressed in the invisibility of women’s contributions, femicide and the differentiated access of women to productive resources and educational opportunities. We conclude by highlighting the need to analyze mezcal culture from the perspective of gender intersectionality.El mezcal es una bebida espirituosa de profundo valor histórico y cultural. La mayor parte de la producción se obtiene artesanalmente en comunidades rurales e indígenas de Oaxaca, en México, donde el trabajo de las familias es fundamental. Este artículo analiza las relaciones de género, clase y etnicidad en la historia de una familia zapoteca dedicada a la producción de mezcal en San Baltazar Guelavila, Oaxaca. Los métodos utilizados fueron desde historia oral, cuestionarios, talleres, hasta entrevistas que dieron lugar a una genealogía familiar. Identificandose cinco épocas en la producción de mezcal a lo largo del siglo XX que ilustran el proceso de apropiación de productos de pueblos originarios por parte del Estado y el capital. La desigualdad de género se expresa en la invisibilidad de los aportes femeninos, el feminicidio y el acceso diferenciado de las mujeres a recursos productivos y oportunidades educativas. Se concluye resaltando la necesidad de analizar a la cultura del mezcal desde la perspectiva de interseccionalidad de género

Síndrome de Burnout en piragüistas españoles de alto nivel: prevalencia en función de variables sociodemográficas y de la práctica deportiva

Se analizó la prevalencia del síndrome de burnout en 77 piragüistas de alto nivel entre 17 y 24 años y la relación entre las puntuaciones de burnout y sus dimensiones y algunas variables sociodemográficas (sexo y edad) y de práctica deportiva (modalidad, categoría, años de práctica y volumen de entrenamiento). Para ello, los deportistas autocumplimentaron el Athlete Burnout Questionnaire. No se han encontrado casos de burnout, aunque alrededor del 10% de los piragüistas mostraron un riesgo moderado-alto de sufrirlo, destacando el agotamiento físico/emocional. Se encontró una relación entre la edad y el nivel de agotamiento físico/emocional, siendo menor conforme la edad aumentaba. Esta misma tendencia se observó al dividir a los piragüistas en función de su categoría, mostrando los seniors menores puntuaciones de agotamiento físico/emocional que los juniors. No hubo diferencias entre grupos al dividir a la muestra en función del resto de variables

Aplicação da metodologia de avaliação de impacto na saúde. Experiência na análise da fluoretação da água de consumo humano na Comunidade Autónoma do País Vasco

Introduction: There is currently a controversy about the appropriateness of the addition of fluoride to drinking water. The Health Impact Assessment (HIA) is a combination of methods and tools by means of which a proposal can be evaluated with respect to its effects on the health of the population and the distribution of such effects on it.Objective: To evaluate the usefulness of applying the HIA methodology in view of the proposal to review the appropriateness of maintaining the fluoridation of drinking water in the Basque Country at current concentrations.Method: We have applied the classic stages of the HIA methodology: screening , design and planning, the evaluation proper, and drafting the report on impacts and recommendations.Results: We have identified positive and negative impacts with regard to maintaining the current oral health policy or chaning it. The negative impacts are primarily related to a lack of care of and information to vulnerable sectors of the population, particularly those living in more deprived areas. The positive impacts are related to personal responsibility and education. We have made recommendations to minimize the negative impacts and inequalities.Conclusions: The HIA methodology is a useful tool for assessing the desirability of maintaining health policies that were needed at a given time and especially in those in which the socio-economic inequalities are crucial in their implementation.Introducción: En la actualidad existe controversia sobre la conveniencia de la aplicación de flúor en el agua de consumo. La Evaluación del Impacto en Salud es una combinación de procedimientos y herramientas mediante la cual una propuesta puede ser evaluada en relación con sus efectos sobre la salud de la población y la distribución de tales efectos sobre la misma.Objetivo: Evaluar la utilidad de aplicar la metodología de la Evaluación del Impacto en Salud ante la propuesta de revisión de la conveniencia de mantener la fluoración del agua de consumo de la Comunidad Autónoma del País Vasco (CAPV) en las concentraciones actuales.Método: Se han aplicado las etapas clásicas de la metodología EIS: cribado, diseño y planificación, evaluación propiamente dicha y redacción del informe sobre impactos y recomendaciones.Resultado: Se han identificado impactos negativos y positivos para el mantenimiento de la actual política de salud bucodental y también para el cambio. Los impactos negativos se relacionan principalmente con la falta de atención e información de sectores vulnerables de la población, principalmente los de zonas más deprimidas. Los impactos positivos se relacionan con la responsabilidad individual y la educación. Se han elaborado recomendaciones para minimizar las desigualdades y los impactos negativos.Conclusiones: La metodología EIS es una herramienta útil para evaluar la conveniencia de mantener políticas sanitarias que fueron necesarias en un momento determinado y sobre todo en aquellas en las que las desigualdades socio económicas son decisivas en su implementación.Introdução: Existe atualmente uma controvérsia acerca da adequação da aplicação de flúor na água de consumo humano. A Avaliação de Impacto na Saúde (AIS) é uma combinação de procedimentos e ferramentas, através da qual uma proposta pode ser avaliada na relação com os seus efeitos, sobre a saúde da população e distribuição de tais efeitos sobre a mesma.Objetivo: Avaliar a utilidade da aplicação da metodologia de Avaliação de Impacto na Saúde, perante a proposta de revisão da conveniência de manter a fluoretação da água de consumo humano da Comunidade Autónoma do País Vasco (CCAPV) nas concentrações atuais.Método: Foram aplicadas as etapas clássicas da metodologia AIS: triagem, desenho e planeamento, a avaliação propriamente dita e a elaboração do relatório sobre impactos e recomendações.Resultados: Foram identificados impactos negativos e positivos para a manutenção da atual política de saúde oral e também para a mudança da mesma. Os impactos negativos relacionaram-se principalmente com a falta de atenção e informação nas populações mais vulneráveis, principalmente nas zonas mais deprimidas. Os impactos positivos estão relacionados com a responsabilidade individual e a educação. Elaborou-se um conjunto de recomendações que visam minimizar as desigualdades e os impactos negativos.Conclusões: A metodologia AIS é uma ferramenta útil para avaliar a conveniência de manter políticas sanitárias que se mostraram necessárias num determinado momento e sobretudo, naquelas em que as desigualdades socioeconómicas são decisivas para a sua implementação

El precondicionamiento isquémico produce cambios en las proteínas de las fosforilación oxidativa y atenúa el daño oxidativo durante la isquemia-reperfusión por mecanismos independientes de la señalización citosólica

Comunicaciones a congreso

Determination of Xanthohumol in Hops, Food Supplements and Beers by HPLC

Xanthohumol (XN) is the main prenylated chalcone present in hops (Humulus lupulus) with high biological activity, and it is of great importance for human health because of its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive and chemopreventive properties. This polyphenol can be included in the diet through foods in which hops are used, such as beer or food supplements. Because of their health benefits and the increasing interest of using hops as a novel nutraceutical, the aim of this work was the identification and quantification of XN in different types of samples using a method based on high resolution liquid chromatography with a diode array detector (HPLC–DAD). The method was validated in terms of linearity, limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ), repeatability and recovery. Acceptable linearity (r2 0.9999), adequate recovery (>90% in the most of cases) and good sensitivity (LOD 16 µg/L) were obtained. Furthermore, the presence of XN in all samples was confirmed using liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) operated in negative ESI (electrospray system ionization) mode. The concentrations of XN determined in hop flowers and food supplements were above the LOQ, in a range between 0.106 and 12.7 mg/g. Beer may also represent an important source of dietary prenylflavonoids, with between 0.028 and 0.062 mg/L of XN. The results showed that the methodology proposed was suitable for the determination of XN in the different types of samples studied, and the amounts of XN varied significantly according to the selected productThis research was funded by VIPACFood project (selected by ERA-NET ARIMNet2 call 2016 Coordination of Agricultural Research In the Mediterranean) of the European Union through the 7th Framework Program; and cofunded by the Spanish National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (MINECO-INIA), reference APCIN2016-00061-00-00, and by the “Consellería de Cultura, Educación e Ordenación Universitaria, Xunta de Galicia,” reference number GRC 2019/030S