Afectación de vías de apoptosis cuando se administra inmunosupresión a los donantes: rol de TNFA, BAX y BCL-2

El trasplante renal en ratas isogénicas es el modelo más ampliamente usado para el estudio de factores de daño no-inmunológicos. TNF∝ es una citokina pro inflamatoria que esta up-regulada en el proceso de injuria por isquemi-reperfusión (IRI) y está involucrada en la vía extrínseca de apoptosis. Bcl-2 y Bax son genes anti y pro apoptóticos involucrados en la vía intrínseca. Nuestro objetivo fue determinar cuáles vías apoptóticas están afectadas por la administración de diferentes drogras inmunosupresoras (sirolimus y FK506) al donanteFacultad de Ciencias Médica

Modelo de donante cadavérico con criterio neurológico de muerte en la rata de laboratorio

El modelo experimental de trasplante de órganos y tejidos en la rata, se ha llevado a cabo tradicionalmente con donante vivo. La complejidad de lograr un donante cadavérico en roedores de laboratorio, ha restringido su utilización. Esta situación limita la extrapolación de los resultados a la realidad clínica, donde mayoritariamente se utilizan órganos extraídos de donantes cadavéricos. La necesidad de poseer resultados experimentales, tanto en donante vivo como cadavérico, nos ha llevado a optimizar el modelo de donante de órganos en rata con criterio neurológico de muerte y asistencia respiratoria mecánica.Facultad de Ciencias Médica

Escucha México, Estrategias Gráficas y Cultura Auditiva. Otoño 2022

Este reporte del PAP Escucha México, perteneciente al trabajo realizado durante el periodo de Otoño 2022, cuenta con información detallada sobre los resultados alcanzados en cada uno de los proyectos que integran esta organización en el período anteriormente establecido. Para este proceso en específico, se buscó enfocar la mayor cantidad de esfuerzos posibles a que el 4to Encuentro Internacional de Cultura Auditiva se desarrollara de la mejor forma posible, sin descuidar el trabajo que se siguió realizando en el resto de proyectos. Como resumen general, todos presentaron resultados positivos, pues se tuvo presencia importante en redes sociales, mejor que en periodos anteriores, además de que se combinaron esfuerzos para que el 4to Encuentro tuviera una difusión adecuada y alcanzara a la mayor cantidad de personas posibles, lo que a su vez resultó en eventos llenos de gente interesada en aprender sobre Cultura Auditiva y Discapacidad, ejes temáticos centrales de este PAP.ITESO, A.C

Geographic patterns of tree dispersal modes in Amazonia and their ecological correlates

Unidad de excelencia María de Maeztu CEX2019-000940-MAim: To investigate the geographic patterns and ecological correlates in the geographic distribution of the most common tree dispersal modes in Amazonia (endozoochory, synzoochory, anemochory and hydrochory). We examined if the proportional abundance of these dispersal modes could be explained by the availability of dispersal agents (disperser-availability hypothesis) and/or the availability of resources for constructing zoochorous fruits (resource-availability hypothesis). Time period: Tree-inventory plots established between 1934 and 2019. Major taxa studied: Trees with a diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥ 9.55 cm. Location: Amazonia, here defined as the lowland rain forests of the Amazon River basin and the Guiana Shield. Methods: We assigned dispersal modes to a total of 5433 species and morphospecies within 1877 tree-inventory plots across terra-firme, seasonally flooded, and permanently flooded forests. We investigated geographic patterns in the proportional abundance of dispersal modes. We performed an abundance-weighted mean pairwise distance (MPD) test and fit generalized linear models (GLMs) to explain the geographic distribution of dispersal modes. Results: Anemochory was significantly, positively associated with mean annual wind speed, and hydrochory was significantly higher in flooded forests. Dispersal modes did not consistently show significant associations with the availability of resources for constructing zoochorous fruits. A lower dissimilarity in dispersal modes, resulting from a higher dominance of endozoochory, occurred in terra-firme forests (excluding podzols) compared to flooded forests. Main conclusions: The disperser-availability hypothesis was well supported for abiotic dispersal modes (anemochory and hydrochory). The availability of resources for constructing zoochorous fruits seems an unlikely explanation for the distribution of dispersal modes in Amazonia. The association between frugivores and the proportional abundance of zoochory requires further research, as tree recruitment not only depends on dispersal vectors but also on conditions that favour or limit seedling recruitment across forest types

A global experiment on motivating social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic

Finding communication strategies that effectively motivate social distancing continues to be a global public health priority during the COVID-19 pandemic. This cross-country, preregistered experiment (n = 25,718 from 89 countries) tested hypotheses concerning generalizable positive and negative outcomes of social distancing messages that promoted personal agency and reflective choices (i.e., an autonomy-supportive message) or were restrictive and shaming (i.e., a controlling message) compared with no message at all. Results partially supported experimental hypotheses in that the controlling message increased controlled motivation (a poorly internalized form of motivation relying on shame, guilt, and fear of social consequences) relative to no message. On the other hand, the autonomy-supportive message lowered feelings of defiance compared with the controlling message, but the controlling message did not differ from receiving no message at all. Unexpectedly, messages did not influence autonomous motivation (a highly internalized form of motivation relying on one’s core values) or behavioral intentions. Results supported hypothesized associations between people’s existing autonomous and controlled motivations and self-reported behavioral intentions to engage in social distancing. Controlled motivation was associated with more defiance and less long-term behavioral intention to engage in social distancing, whereas autonomous motivation was associated with less defiance and more short- and long-term intentions to social distance. Overall, this work highlights the potential harm of using shaming and pressuring language in public health communication, with implications for the current and future global health challenges

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Stratigraphic and provenance analysis of Triassic rock units between 28-29° S, northern Chile: implications on the tectonic and paleogeographic evolution of the southwestern margin of Gondwana

Triassic rock units of northern Chile (28-29 degrees S) record the transition, both in time and space, between two major orogenies that affected the southwestern margin of South America, the Gondwanian and Andean orogenies. The geodynamic configuration of the margin during this transition is still a matter of debate, particularly whether subduction was interrupted or continued under different parameters in between the orogenies. In order to evaluate these hypotheses by understanding the paleogeographic evolution of the margin, this work synthesizes recent stratigraphical, structural and geochronological data from northern Chile (28-29 degrees S), along with detrital zircon analysis and detritus characterization of the two main siliciclastic Triassic basins present in the area. A detailed study of the evolution of the San Felix and the Canto del Agua basins, their source areas, and exhumation processes of the margin recognizes two stages of intra-arc/forearc basins system development separated by a Carnian unconformity. The first stage (Lopingian-uppermost Middle Triassic) develops an eastern intra-arc basin, which is represented by the volcaniclastic rocks included in the Guanaco Sonso Fonnation and the roots of the volcanic arc represented by Chollay Plutonic Complex, bounded to the east by a Pennsylvanian-Cisuralian basement block. The forearc basin for this stage is constituted by two graben depocenter, separated by a topographic high, of marine to transitional depositional environment and proximal sediment sources. The eastern graben is filled by conglomerates and turbiditic rocks grouped in Members M1 to M4 of the San Felix Formation, and the western graben, by sedimentary and volcanic rocks of the lower section of the Canto del Agua Formation. The second stage (Norian-Rhaetian) involves an eastern intra-arc basin, represented by the volcanic rocks of the La Totora Formation that seals the exhumed roots of the magmatic arc developed in the previous stage, and a marine to transitional forearc basin to the west, represented by the sedimentary rocks of M5 member of the San Felix Formation and the upper section of the Canto del Agua Formation. These two successions show basal fluvial conglomerates unconformably overlying Anisian prodelta deposits of the first stage, recording a major base level drop of the forearc basin.Open access journalThis item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at [email protected]

Prácticas educativas, pedagogía e interculturalidad

Estas páginas constituyen las Memorias del V Congreso Internacional de Etnografía y Educación. Prácticas educativas, pedagogía e interculturalidad (2020) convocado por la Universidad Politécnica Salesiana del Ecuador. En el Congreso participaron investigadores, docentes y estudiantes de México, Argentina, Brasil, Colombia, Chile, Ecuador, Antillas, Estados Unidos, Canadá, Italia, Francia y España con ponencias sobre tres ejes temáticos: Educación, sociedad y política; Escuela, diversidades y exclusiones; y Avances teóricos y metodológicos de la investigación etnográfica en educación. Más de 60 trabajos que amplían las reflexiones y que abren la discusión, desde la antropología y la pedagogía, hacia la construcción de una educación intercultural