1,031 research outputs found
Peanut leaf spot disease identification using pre-trained deep convolutional neural network
Reduction of quality and quantity of agricultural products, particularly peanut or groundnut, is usually associated with disease. This could be solved through automatic identification and diagnoses using deep learning. However, this technology is not yet explored and examined in the case of peanut leaf spot disease due to some aspects, such as the availability of sufficient data to be used for training and testing the model. This study is intended to explore the use of pre-trained visual geometry group–16 (VGG16), visual geometry group–19 (VGG19), InceptionV3, MobileNet, DenseNet, Xception, InceptionResNetV2, and ResNet50 architectures and deep learning optimizers such as stochastic gradient descent (SGD) with Momentum, adaptive moment estimation (Adam), root mean square propagation (RMSProp), and adaptive gradient algorithm (Adagrad) in creating a model that can identify leaf spot disease by using a total of 1,000 images of leaves captured using a mobile camera. Confusion matrix was used to assess the accuracy and precision of the results. The result of the study shows that DenseNet-169 trained using SGD with momentum, Adam, and RMSProp attained the highest accuracy of 98%, while DenseNet-169 trained using RMSProp achieved the highest precision of 98% among pre-trained deep convolutional neural network architectures. Furthermore, this result could be beneficial in agricultural automation and disease identification systems for peanut or groundnut plants
Recommended from our members
Suppression of epithelial folding at actomyosin-enriched compartment boundaries downstream of Wingless signalling
Epithelial folding shapes embryos and tissues during development. Here, we investigate the coupling between epithelial folding and actomyosin-enriched compartmental boundaries. The mechanistic relationship between the two is unclear, because actomyosin-enriched boundaries are not necessarily associated with folds. Also, some cases of epithelial folding occur independently of actomyosin contractility. We investigated the shallow folds called parasegment grooves that form at boundaries between anterior and posterior compartments in the early Drosophila embryo. We demonstrate that formation of these folds requires the presence of an actomyosin enrichment along the boundary cell-cell contacts. These enrichments, which require Wingless signalling, increase interfacial tension not only at the level of the adherens junctions but also along the lateral surfaces. We find that epithelial folding is normally under inhibitory control because different genetic manipulations, including depletion of the Myosin II phosphatase Flapwing, increase the depth of folds at boundaries. Fold depth correlates with the levels of Bazooka (Baz), the Par-3 homologue, along the boundary cell-cell contacts. Moreover, Wingless and Hedgehog signalling have opposite effects on fold depth at the boundary that correlate with changes in Baz planar polarity.This work was supported by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) [BB/J010278/1] and the Wellcome Trust [099234/Z/12/Z to B.S.; 099130/Z/12/Z to CAIC]. J.M.U. was supported by a Postdoctoral Fellowship [I-D+i 2008-2011] from Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte (Spanish Ministry of Education), E.S. by a University of Cambridge Herchel Smith Postdoctoral Fellowship and L.M. by an Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) Research Software Engineer Fellowship. Deposited in PMC for immediate release
Cosmological lepton asymmetry with a nonzero mixing angle \theta_{13}
While the baryon asymmetry of the Universe is nowadays well measured by
cosmological observations, the bounds on the lepton asymmetry in the form of
neutrinos are still significantly weaker. We place limits on the relic neutrino
asymmetries using some of the latest cosmological data, taking into account the
effect of flavor oscillations. We present our results for two different values
of the neutrino mixing angle \theta_{13}, and show that for large \theta_{13}
the limits on the total neutrino asymmetry become more stringent, diluting even
large initial flavor asymmetries. In particular, we find that the present
bounds are still dominated by the limits coming from Big Bang Nucleosynthesis,
while the limits on the total neutrino mass from cosmological data are
essentially independent of \theta_{13}. Finally, we perform a forecast for
COrE, taken as an example of a future CMB experiment, and find that it could
improve the limits on the total lepton asymmetry approximately by up to a
factor 6.6.Comment: 11 pages, 7 figures, 5 tables. v2: updated COrE specifications. v3:
matches Phys. Rev. D accepted versio
Intragranitic locle golcl cleposits in the Tomiño area (Ponteveclra)
[Resumen] En este trabajo se describen las principales características de las mineralizaciones auríferas filonianas que aparecen en varios cuerpos graníticos sintectónicos en el área de Tomillo (SW de la provincia de Pontevedra), haciendo también referencia al contexto geológico en el que dichas mineralizaciones se presentan. Se trata de venas y filones de cuarzo con sulfuros (pirita, arsenopirita y calcopirita principalmente), con greisenización asociada, originados como consecuencia de un proceso neumatolítico-hidrotermal controlado por el sistema de fracturas de los granitos encajantes. Pueden diferenciarse cinco paragénesis consecutivas: postmagmática, de endogreisen, hidrotermal temprana, hidrotermal tardía y supergénica. El oro se presenta en forma de inclusiones microscópicas dentro de los sulfuros (principalmente en la calcopirita), que van aumentando en tamaño y proporciór a lo largo de las etapas sucesivas del proceso de mineralización.[Abstract] The main characteristics of lode gold deposits ocurring in sorne syntectonic granitic bodies in the Tomiño Area (SW of Pontevedra province) are described in this work. The geological context of this mineralization type is also referred to. The mineralizations consist of quartz-veins bearing sulphides (mainly pyrite, arsenopyrite and chalcopyrite), with associated greisenization in the wallrock, produced by a pneumatolytic-hydrothermal process that is controlled by the fracture system in the host granites. Five consecutive paragenesis can be distinguished: postmagmatic, endogreisen, early hydrothermal, late hydrothermal and supergene. Gold oeeurs as mieroseopie inelusions inside sulphides (mainly in ehalco-pyrite), inereasing in size and proportion along the sueeesive stages in the mineralization proeess
B- and C-type low molecular weight glutenin subunits in tetraploid wheat germplasm
General knowledge acquisition entails the extraction of statistical regularities from the environment. At high levels of complexity, this may involve the extraction, and consolidation, of associative regularities across event memories. The underlying neural mechanisms would likely involve a hippocampo-neocortical dialog, as proposed previously for system-level consolidation. To test these hypotheses, we assessed possible differences in consolidation between associative memories containing cross-episodic regularities and unique associative memories. Subjects learned face-location associations, half of which responded to complex regularities regarding the combination of facial features and locations, whereas the other half did not. Importantly, regularities could only be extracted over hippocampus-encoded, associative aspects of the items. Memory was assessed both immediately after encoding and 48 h later, under fMRI acquisition. Our results suggest that processes related to system-level reorganization occur preferentially for regular associations across episodes. Moreover, the build-up of general knowledge regarding regular associations appears to involve the coordinated activity of the hippocampus and mediofrontal regions. The putative cross-talk between these two regions might support a mechanism for regularity extraction. These findings suggest that the consolidation of cross-episodic regularities may be a key mechanism underlying general knowledge acquisition
Gradual transition from insulator to semimetal of CaEuB with increasing Eu concentration
The local environment of Eu (, ) in
CaEuB () is investigated by
means of electron spin resonance (ESR). For the spectra show
resolved \textit{fine} and \textit{hyperfine} structures due to the cubic
crystal \textit{electric} field and nuclear \textit{hyperfine} field,
respectively. The resonances have Lorentzian line shape, indicating an
\textit{insulating} environment for the Eu ions. For , as increases, the ESR lines broaden due to local
distortions caused by the Eu/Ca ions substitution. For , the lines broaden further and the spectra gradually change from
Lorentzian to Dysonian resonances, suggesting a coexistence of both
\textit{insulating} and \textit{metallic} environments for the Eu ions.
In contrast to CaGdB, the \textit{fine} structure is still
observable up to . For the \textit{fine} and
\textit{hyperfine} structures are no longer observed, the line width increases,
and the line shape is purely Dysonian anticipating the \textit{semimetallic}
character of EuB. This broadening is attributed to a spin-flip scattering
relaxation process due to the exchange interaction between conduction and
Eu electrons. High field ESR measurements for
reveal smaller and anisotropic line widths, which are attributed to magnetic
polarons and Fermi surface effects, respectively.Comment: Submitted to PR
Quantum Oscillations in EuFe2As2 single crystals
Quantum oscillation measurements can provide important information about the
Fermi surface (FS) properties of strongly correlated metals. Here, we report a
Shubnikov-de Haas (SdH) effect study on the pnictide parent compounds
EuFeAs (Eu122) and BaFeAs (Ba122) grown by In-flux.
Although both members are isovalent compounds with approximately the same
density of states at the Fermi level, our results reveal subtle changes in
their fermiology. Eu122 displays a complex pattern in the Fourier spectrum,
with band splitting, magnetic breakdown orbits, and effective masses
sistematically larger when compared to Ba122, indicating that the former is a
more correlated metal. Moreover, the observed pockets in Eu122 are more
isotropic and 3D-like, suggesting an equal contribution from the Fe
orbitals to the FS. We speculate that these FS changes may be responsible for
the higher spin-density wave ordering temperature in Eu122.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
Microscopic evidence for field-induced magnetism in CeCoIn
We present NMR data in the normal and superconducting states of CeCoIn
for fields close to T in the plane. Recent
experiments identified a first-order transition from the normal to
superconducting state for T, and a new thermodynamic phase below 290
mK within the superconducting state. We find that the Knight shifts of the
In(1), In(2) and the Co are discontinuous across the first-order transition and
the magnetic linewidths increase dramatically. The broadening differs for the
three sites, unlike the expectation for an Abrikosov vortex lattice, and
suggests the presence of static spin moments in the vortex cores. In the
low-temperature and high-field phase the broad NMR lineshapes suggest ordered
local moments, rather than a long wavelength quasiparticle spin density
modulation expected for an FFLO phase.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures. to appear in Phys. Rev. Let
- …