Phlogacanthus cornutus: chemical profiles and antioxidant effects

Phlogacanthus cornutus is a rare species and the chemical profiles and the bioactivities of this plant are unknown. In present study, the chemical components of the acetone extract as well as the antioxidant activity of acetone extract and its fractions such as n-hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate of P. cornutus were firstly reported. A total of 33 constituents were identify in the acetone extract of this plant using Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry assay, in which trans-cinnamic acid (21.26%), neophytadiene (6.36%), linolenic acid (5.86%), dihydroagathic acid (5.71%), n-hexadecanoic acid (5.53%), phytol (4.14%) and cis-cinnamic acid (3.23%) were the major compounds. The acetone extract and its fractions such as n-hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate of P. cornutus showed DPPH radical scavenging activity with IC50 value of 234.31, 185.95, 758.65 and 458.52 µg/mL respectively

Chemical profile and antibacterial activity of acetone extract of Homalomena cochinchinensis Engl. (Araceae)

Homalomena cochinchinensis Engl. is a rare species which is found in Southern China, Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam and its chemical constituents and bioactivity have not been determined yet. In this study, we identified 32 and 38 compounds in acetone extracts of H. cochinchinensis aerial part and rhizome, respectively via gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The main constituents of acetone extract of the aerial part were 3-((4Z,7Z)-Heptadeca-4,7-dien-1-yl)phenol (18.73%); cis-9,cis-12-Octadecadienoic acid (12.04%); linolenic acid (11.08%); n-Hexadecanoic acid (10.13%); (Z)-3-(Heptadec-10-en-1-yl)phenol (7.09%); ?-Sitosterol (5.58%) and linalool (5.56%). On the other hand, acetone extract of rhizome contained linalool (28.42%); 1,2,3-Propanetriol, 1-acetate (10.13%); 3-((4Z,7Z)-Heptadeca-4,7-dien-1-yl)phenol (5.28%); 3-Buten-2-one, 3-methyl-4-(1,3,3-trimethyl-7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-1-yl)- (5.28%) and 4-(2,6,6-Trimethyl-cyclohex-1-enyl)-butyric acid (4.54%). Furthermore, this study has also proved the antibacterial activity of acetone extracts from the aerial part and the rhizome of this species for the first time using disk diffusion method. The results showed that the extract of the aerial part could inhibit the growth of 5 out of a total 6 bacterial strains, including Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enteritidis and Staphylococcus aureus; while the susceptible strains to the rhizome extract were 5 strains, such as B. cereus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium and S. aureus. The findings suggest the further application of this species in pharmacology and medicine

Acceptance and user experiences of a wearable device for the management of hospitalized patients in COVID-19–designated wards in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam: action learning project

Background: Wearable devices have been used extensively both inside and outside of the hospital setting. During the COVID-19 pandemic, in some contexts, there was an increased need to remotely monitor pulse and saturated oxygen for patients due to the lack of staff and bedside monitors. Objective: A prototype of a remote monitoring system using wearable pulse oximeter devices was implemented at the Hospital for Tropical Diseases in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, from August to December 2021. The aim of this work was to support the ongoing implementation of the remote monitoring system. Methods: We used an action learning approach with rapid pragmatic methods, including informal discussions and observations as well as a feedback survey form designed based on the technology acceptance model to assess the use and acceptability of the system. Based on these results, we facilitated a meeting using user-centered design principles to explore user needs and ideas about its development in more detail. Results: In total, 21 users filled in the feedback form. The mean technology acceptance model scores ranged from 3.5 (for perceived ease of use) to 4.4 (for attitude) with behavioral intention (3.8) and perceived usefulness (4.2) scoring in between. Those working as nurses scored higher on perceived usefulness, attitude, and behavioral intention than did physicians. Based on informal discussions, we realized there was a mismatch between how we (ie, the research team) and the ward teams perceived the use and wider purpose of the technology. Conclusions: Designing and implementing the devices to be more nurse-centric from their introduction could have helped to increase their efficiency and use during the complex pandemic period

Wearable devices for remote monitoring of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Vietnam

Patients with severe COVID-19 disease require monitoring with pulse oximetry as a minimal requirement. In many low- and middle- income countries, this has been challenging due to lack of staff and equipment. Wearable pulse oximeters potentially offer an attractive means to address this need, due to their low cost, battery operability and capacity for remote monitoring. Between July and October 2021, Ho Chi Minh City experienced its first major wave of SARS-CoV-2 infection, leading to an unprecedented demand for monitoring in hospitalized patients. We assess the feasibility of a continuous remote monitoring system for patients with COVID-19 under these circumstances as we implemented 2 different systems using wearable pulse oximeter devices in a stepwise manner across 4 departments

Safety and efficacy of fluoxetine on functional outcome after acute stroke (AFFINITY): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Background Trials of fluoxetine for recovery after stroke report conflicting results. The Assessment oF FluoxetINe In sTroke recoverY (AFFINITY) trial aimed to show if daily oral fluoxetine for 6 months after stroke improves functional outcome in an ethnically diverse population. Methods AFFINITY was a randomised, parallel-group, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial done in 43 hospital stroke units in Australia (n=29), New Zealand (four), and Vietnam (ten). Eligible patients were adults (aged ≥18 years) with a clinical diagnosis of acute stroke in the previous 2–15 days, brain imaging consistent with ischaemic or haemorrhagic stroke, and a persisting neurological deficit that produced a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score of 1 or more. Patients were randomly assigned 1:1 via a web-based system using a minimisation algorithm to once daily, oral fluoxetine 20 mg capsules or matching placebo for 6 months. Patients, carers, investigators, and outcome assessors were masked to the treatment allocation. The primary outcome was functional status, measured by the mRS, at 6 months. The primary analysis was an ordinal logistic regression of the mRS at 6 months, adjusted for minimisation variables. Primary and safety analyses were done according to the patient's treatment allocation. The trial is registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, ACTRN12611000774921. Findings Between Jan 11, 2013, and June 30, 2019, 1280 patients were recruited in Australia (n=532), New Zealand (n=42), and Vietnam (n=706), of whom 642 were randomly assigned to fluoxetine and 638 were randomly assigned to placebo. Mean duration of trial treatment was 167 days (SD 48·1). At 6 months, mRS data were available in 624 (97%) patients in the fluoxetine group and 632 (99%) in the placebo group. The distribution of mRS categories was similar in the fluoxetine and placebo groups (adjusted common odds ratio 0·94, 95% CI 0·76–1·15; p=0·53). Compared with patients in the placebo group, patients in the fluoxetine group had more falls (20 [3%] vs seven [1%]; p=0·018), bone fractures (19 [3%] vs six [1%]; p=0·014), and epileptic seizures (ten [2%] vs two [<1%]; p=0·038) at 6 months. Interpretation Oral fluoxetine 20 mg daily for 6 months after acute stroke did not improve functional outcome and increased the risk of falls, bone fractures, and epileptic seizures. These results do not support the use of fluoxetine to improve functional outcome after stroke

Les règles d’ajustement pour accéder à l’emploi. Le cas des jeunes diplômés de Hanoi

Introduction Les dynamiques individuelles et collectives qui se développent au sein de la société vietnamienne en transition, saisie au travers du choix de l’emploi par les jeunes diplômés, ne renvoient pas à un passage brutal et rapide d’une société à une autre. Il s’agit de dynamiques de changement, conduites par les acteurs pour combiner un « moins d’État » et un « plus de marché ». Il ne s’agit pas d’un passage d’une société « protégée » par l’État vers une société « détruite » par le mar..

Le Viêt-Nam demain ? Tendances émergentes et voies possibles

International audienc

Les transitions au Viêt-Nam : de quoi parle-t-on ?

International audienc

La création de petites entreprises au Vietnam : de la débrouille au management standardisé

https://journals.openedition.org/sds/10811International audienceIn the 1980s, the Vietnamese economy was on the brink of collapse and then took off in the 1990s in a spectacular way. How to analyze the success of this development strategy in Southeast Asia? To answer this question, the research is based on monographs with companies. These varied fields show that the creation of small enterprises in Vietnam is not the result of a linear process, but a practice of trial and error, advances and backtracking, the combination of know-how and financial or technological resources, the mobilization of knowledge about the supposed needs of consumers and the construction of social and family networks.En la década de 1980, la economía vietnamita estaba al borde del colapso y luego despegó en la década de 1990 de una manera espectacular. ¿Cómo analizar el éxito de esta estrategia de desarrollo en el Sudeste Asiático? Para responder a esta pregunta, la investigación se basa en monografías con empresas. Estos variados campos de investigación demuestran que la creación de pequeñas empresas en Vietnam no es el resultado de un proceso lineal, sino una práctica de ensayo y error, avances y retrocesos, la combinación de la experiencia profesional y recursos financieros o tecnológicos, la movilización del conocimiento sobre las supuestas necesidades de los consumidores y la construcción de redes sociales y familiares.Dans les années 1980, l’économie Vietnamienne était au bord de l’effondrement pour ensuite décoller dans les années 1990 de façon spectaculaire. Comment analyser le succès de cette stratégie de développement en Asie du Sud-Est ? Pour répondre à cette question, la recherche repose sur des monographies auprès d’entreprises. Ces terrains variés montrent que la création de petites entreprises au Vietnam ne résulte pas d’un processus linéaire, mais d’une pratique faite d’essais et d’erreurs, d’avancées et de retours en arrière, de la réunion de savoir-faire de métier et de moyens financiers ou technologiques, la mobilisation de connaissances sur les besoins supposés des clients, la formation de réseaux sociaux et familiaux

Viêt-Nam en transitions

Le Viêt-Nam traverse une phase de transitions sociales, économiques, politiques et culturelles, le rythme variant d'un domaine à l'autre. Ce pays émergent tente d'articuler socialisme et économie de marché en redonnant à chacun le goût d'entreprendre, tout en conduisant des réformes institutionnelles. Parviendra-t-il à cet objectif ? Sous quelles conditions et avec quels effets à long terme ? Cet ouvrage permet d'identifier et de comprendre les transformations de la paysannerie, les changemen..