31 research outputs found
Global patient outcomes after elective surgery: prospective cohort study in 27 low-, middle- and high-income countries.
- Author
- Ab Majid MA
- Ab Rahman AS
- Ab Rahman R
- Abayasinghe C
- Abbott T
- Abdullah NH
- Abdur-Rahman L
- Abeloos J
- Abernethy C
- Abidin UN
- Abrunhosa A
- Absar M
- Adam S
- Adams D
- Adams G
- Adamson M
- Adekola O
- Adelaja Y
- Ademola A
- Adenekan A
- Adenike O
- Adeolu AA
- Adetoye A
- Adewale B
- Adigun T
- Adolfsson A
- Aflori L
- Africander C
- Afshari A
- Agarwal V
- Agodirin O
- Aguero Vera M
- Aguzzoli C
- Ahmad A
- Ahmad N
- Ahmad T
- Ahmad T
- Ahmad Y
- Ahmed A
- Ahmed J
- Ai Y
- Aignatoaie M
- Aimoniotou-Georgiou E
- Akanmu O
- Akerman N
- Akinwale M
- Akring I
- Al 'Amri K
- Al Anizi M
- Al hussaini S
- Al-Soudaine Y
- Aladin H
- Alagbe-Briggs O
- Alaman Laguarda G
- Albaj S
- Alcock D
- Alcock L
- Aldecoa C
- Aldecoa C
- Aleixo FB
- Alexander H
- Alexander M
- Alexander-Sefre F
- Alherz F
- Ali H
- Ali M
- Ali S
- Alias A
- Alias AH
- Alias RLR
- Alit MA
- Allen S
- Allen SJ
- Allison J
- Alloj C
- Allorto NL
- Allsop J
- Almeida W
- Alonso E
- Alphonsus C
- Alvares D
- Alves MJ
- Amador JCB
- Ameer Y
- Amendola CP
- Ami N
- Amstrup-Hansen L
- Anagnou A
- Andersen C
- Anderson C
- Anderson C
- Anderson F
- Anderson P
- Andreadaki E
- Andreou A
- Andreou P
- Andrew A
- Andrews E
- Angermair S
- Angus K
- Anillo V
- Antal O
- Antill P
- Antoniadou E
- Antonina W
- Apagaki E
- Apostolou K
- Applewhaite C
- Aquino LPG
- Ar P
- Arawwawala D
- Ardern D
- Argue R
- Arkalaki E
- Armaganidis A
- Armstrong J
- Armstrong R
- Arnaoutoglou C
- Arnaoutoglou E
- Arnold G
- Arrandale L
- Arrich J
- Arrigo M
- Arshad H
- Arshad MA
- Arumugam S
- Arustei M
- Arvaniti K
- Arya A
- Arya S
- Asimakos A
- Asudo F
- Athanasakis E
- Atiku M
- Attrill E
- Attwood C
- Auer P
- Avidan M
- Avila Sanchez FJ
- Avila EJD
- Avis J
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- Axioti E
- Ayyaz H
- Azam UAA
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- Azevedo C
- Aziz FZ
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- Baillie S
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- Baio TH
- Bairaktari A
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- Chandrasekharan S
- Chang YH
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- Cherrett V
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- Chew M
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- Chicken D-W
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- Chin II
- Chirkut S
- Chisbert Cuenca V
- Chlorou D
- Choi H-MD
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- Christiansen IC
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- Christofaki M
- Christoforidis D
- Chronis C
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- Chua P
- Chukkambotla S
- Chung CKE
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- Ciobanu C
- Ciobotaru OR
- Cirstea E
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- Clarkson R
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- Comptaer N
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- Copetti E
- Copley E
- Copotoiu SM
- Coppens M
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- Corti D
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- Dumitrascu CO
- Dumitrescu A
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- Zoerner F
- Zonneveldt H
- Zou X
- Zoulamoglou M
- Zsisku L
- Publication venue
- 'Oxford University Press (OUP)'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2016
- Field of study
BACKGROUND: As global initiatives increase patient access to surgical treatments, there remains a need to understand the adverse effects of surgery and define appropriate levels of perioperative care. METHODS: We designed a prospective international 7-day cohort study of outcomes following elective adult inpatient surgery in 27 countries. The primary outcome was in-hospital complications. Secondary outcomes were death following a complication (failure to rescue) and death in hospital. Process measures were admission to critical care immediately after surgery or to treat a complication and duration of hospital stay. A single definition of critical care was used for all countries. RESULTS: A total of 474 hospitals in 19 high-, 7 middle- and 1 low-income country were included in the primary analysis. Data included 44 814 patients with a median hospital stay of 4 (range 2-7) days. A total of 7508 patients (16.8%) developed one or more postoperative complication and 207 died (0.5%). The overall mortality among patients who developed complications was 2.8%. Mortality following complications ranged from 2.4% for pulmonary embolism to 43.9% for cardiac arrest. A total of 4360 (9.7%) patients were admitted to a critical care unit as routine immediately after surgery, of whom 2198 (50.4%) developed a complication, with 105 (2.4%) deaths. A total of 1233 patients (16.4%) were admitted to a critical care unit to treat complications, with 119 (9.7%) deaths. Despite lower baseline risk, outcomes were similar in low- and middle-income compared with high-income countries. CONCLUSIONS: Poor patient outcomes are common after inpatient surgery. Global initiatives to increase access to surgical treatments should also address the need for safe perioperative care. STUDY REGISTRATION: ISRCTN5181700
Whole-genome sequencing reveals host factors underlying critical COVID-19
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- Abd Elghafar M. S.
- Abdel-Aziz M.
- Abdelrazik M.
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- Publication venue
- 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2022
- Field of study
Critical COVID-19 is caused by immune-mediated inflammatory lung injury. Host genetic variation influences the development of illness requiring critical care1 or hospitalization2–4 after infection with SARS-CoV-2. The GenOMICC (Genetics of Mortality in Critical Care) study enables the comparison of genomes from individuals who are critically ill with those of population controls to find underlying disease mechanisms. Here we use whole-genome sequencing in 7,491 critically ill individuals compared with 48,400 controls to discover and replicate 23 independent variants that significantly predispose to critical COVID-19. We identify 16 new independent associations, including variants within genes that are involved in interferon signalling (IL10RB and PLSCR1), leucocyte differentiation (BCL11A) and blood-type antigen secretor status (FUT2). Using transcriptome-wide association and colocalization to infer the effect of gene expression on disease severity, we find evidence that implicates multiple genes—including reduced expression of a membrane flippase (ATP11A), and increased expression of a mucin (MUC1)—in critical disease. Mendelian randomization provides evidence in support of causal roles for myeloid cell adhesion molecules (SELE, ICAM5 and CD209) and the coagulation factor F8, all of which are potentially druggable targets. Our results are broadly consistent with a multi-component model of COVID-19 pathophysiology, in which at least two distinct mechanisms can predispose to life-threatening disease: failure to control viral replication; or an enhanced tendency towards pulmonary inflammation and intravascular coagulation. We show that comparison between cases of critical illness and population controls is highly efficient for the detection of therapeutically relevant mechanisms of disease
Geoeconomic variations in epidemiology, ventilation management, and outcomes in invasively ventilated intensive care unit patients without acute respiratory distress syndrome: a pooled analysis of four observational studies
- Author
- Abad R. D.
- Abe T.
- Abelha P.
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- Ajetunmobi O. O.
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- Zhu W. H.
- Zincircioglu C.
- Zogheib E. H.
- Publication venue
- 'Elsevier BV'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2022
- Field of study
Background: Geoeconomic variations in epidemiology, the practice of ventilation, and outcome in invasively ventilated intensive care unit (ICU) patients without acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remain unexplored. In this analysis we aim to address these gaps using individual patient data of four large observational studies. Methods: In this pooled analysis we harmonised individual patient data from the ERICC, LUNG SAFE, PRoVENT, and PRoVENT-iMiC prospective observational studies, which were conducted from June, 2011, to December, 2018, in 534 ICUs in 54 countries. We used the 2016 World Bank classification to define two geoeconomic regions: middle-income countries (MICs) and high-income countries (HICs). ARDS was defined according to the Berlin criteria. Descriptive statistics were used to compare patients in MICs versus HICs. The primary outcome was the use of low tidal volume ventilation (LTVV) for the first 3 days of mechanical ventilation. Secondary outcomes were key ventilation parameters (tidal volume size, positive end-expiratory pressure, fraction of inspired oxygen, peak pressure, plateau pressure, driving pressure, and respiratory rate), patient characteristics, the risk for and actual development of acute respiratory distress syndrome after the first day of ventilation, duration of ventilation, ICU length of stay, and ICU mortality. Findings: Of the 7608 patients included in the original studies, this analysis included 3852 patients without ARDS, of whom 2345 were from MICs and 1507 were from HICs. Patients in MICs were younger, shorter and with a slightly lower body-mass index, more often had diabetes and active cancer, but less often chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and heart failure than patients from HICs. Sequential organ failure assessment scores were similar in MICs and HICs. Use of LTVV in MICs and HICs was comparable (42\ub74% vs 44\ub72%; absolute difference \u20131\ub769 [\u20139\ub758 to 6\ub711] p=0\ub767; data available in 3174 [82%] of 3852 patients). The median applied positive end expiratory pressure was lower in MICs than in HICs (5 [IQR 5\u20138] vs 6 [5\u20138] cm H2O; p=0\ub70011). ICU mortality was higher in MICs than in HICs (30\ub75% vs 19\ub79%; p=0\ub70004; adjusted effect 16\ub741% [95% CI 9\ub752\u201323\ub752]; p<0\ub70001) and was inversely associated with gross domestic product (adjusted odds ratio for a US$10 000 increase per capita 0\ub780 [95% CI 0\ub775\u20130\ub786]; p<0\ub70001). Interpretation: Despite similar disease severity and ventilation management, ICU mortality in patients without ARDS is higher in MICs than in HICs, with a strong association with country-level economic status. Funding: No funding
Genetic mechanisms of critical illness in COVID-19.
- Author
- A A Roger Thompson
- A Abraheem
- A Agasou
- A Ahmed
- A Ali
- A Allan
- A Altabaibeh
- A Alvaro
- A Aspinwall
- A Ayers
- A Bamford
- A Barron
- A Bashyal
- A Bellini
- A Bociek
- A Botello
- A Bowes
- A Brady
- A Brayne
- A Brown
- A Brown
- A Butler
- A Campbell
- A Carter
- A Collins
- A Cowley
- A Cowton
- A Cowton
- A Cox
- A Crew
- A Dance
- A Daniel
- A Daniels
- A Dela Rosa
- A Drummond
- A Durie
- A E Heron
- A Easthope
- A Easthope
- A Evans
- A Fofano
- A Gales
- A Ganesan
- A Gardner
- A Garg
- A Gherman
- A Gordon
- A Gratrix
- A Gulati
- A Gupta
- A Haigh
- A Haldeos
- A Harrison
- A Harvey
- A Hayes
- A Higham
- A Higham
- A Hilldrith
- A Holden
- A Hormis
- A Hutcheon
- A Javaid
- A Joseph
- A Kaliappan
- A Katary
- A Kay
- A Kayani
- A Kent
- A Kirkby
- A Knight
- A Kubisz-Pudelko
- A Kuravi
- A Lewis
- A Loveridge
- A Lyle
- A Mayer
- A McAlpine
- A McCarthy
- A McGregor
- A McGregor
- A Meikle
- A Mitchell
- A Mitra
- A Morris
- A Morrison
- A Naranjo
- A Nicholson
- A Nicholson
- A Nilsson
- A Noakes
- A Patel
- A Pickard
- A Poole
- A Price
- A Puxty
- A Quinn
- A Quinn
- A Raithatha
- A Rattray
- A Reddy
- A Reed
- A Reyes
- A Rose
- A Rose
- A Rostron
- A Roy
- A Roynon-Reed
- A S Raj
- A Salberg
- A Sanderson
- A Serrano-Ruiz
- A Solesbury
- A Sukha
- A Swain
- A Tariq
- A Thomas
- A Thomas
- A Todd
- A Tomas
- A Tridente
- A Tucci
- A Turnbull
- A Uriel
- A Ustianowski
- A Vochin
- A Vuylsteke
- A Waite
- A Walden
- A Whileman
- A Wilkinson
- A Williams
- A Williams
- A Wilson
- A Zak
- A Zaki
- Achille Iolascon
- Adam Auton
- Adam Brown
- Agnese Verzuri
- Agostino Ognibene
- Agostino Riva
- Ailsa Golightly
- Alan Maclean
- Alessandra
- Alessandra Stella
- Alessandra Vergori
- Alessia Giorli
- Alexander J Mentzer
- Alice Donati
- Alison M Meynert
- Alistair Nichol
- Ana da Silva Filipe
- Andrea Antinori
- Andrea Cossarizza
- Andrea Ganna
- Andrea Tommasi
- Andrew Rambaut
- Andrew Stenhouse
- Andy Law
- Anjali J Shastri
- Anna Canaccini
- Anna Maria Pinto
- Annarita Giliberti
- Annemarie B Docherty
- Antonella D'Arminio Monforte
- Antonia Ying Wai Ho
- Antonio Di Biagio
- Antony Symons
- Arianna Emiliozzi
- Arianna Gabrieli
- Audrey Coutts
- B Anwar
- B Attwood
- B Baines
- B Blackledge
- B Borislavova
- B Chandler
- B Charles
- B Creagh-Brown
- B David
- B Deacon
- B Deacon
- B Digby
- B Faulkner
- B Fuller
- B Gumbrill
- B Gurung
- B Hadebe
- B Hairsine
- B Hopkins
- B Johnston
- B Lenagh
- B Masunda
- B Ogg
- B Patel
- B Player
- B Purewal
- B Scholefield
- B Shelley
- B Sloan
- B Thomas
- B Wadams
- B Welsh
- B Wilkinson
- B Winter-Goodwin
- B Yates
- Baillie J Kenneth
- Barbara Rossetti
- Beale Rupert
- Beatrice Alex
- Benjamin Bach
- Bretherick Andrew D
- Bruno Frediani
- C Adams
- C Ahmed
- C Almaden-Boyle
- C Ashbrook-Raby
- C Basikolo
- C Battle
- C Beazley
- C Beith
- C Borra
- C Brandwood
- C Brantwood
- C Burnett
- C Castro Delgado
- C Clark
- C Clulow
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- C Cruz
- C Davis
- C Demetriou
- C Dennis
- C Dexter
- C Downes
- C Dunmore
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- C Gorman
- C Hays
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- C Lynch
- C Lyons
- C McCulloch
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- C Murphy
- C Parmar
- C Pawley
- C Phillips
- C Phillips
- C Pothecary
- C Pothecary
- C Prendergast
- C Price
- C Rishton
- C Sell
- C Shovelton
- C Sicat
- C Stuart
- C Summers
- C Swan
- C Thompson
- C Thorpe
- C Tibke
- C Tierney
- C Vigurs
- C Wells
- C Whitton
- C Whyte
- C Wrey Brown
- Cameron J Fairfield
- Carmelo Piscopo
- Carmen Marciano
- Caroline Abernathy
- Carrol Gamble
- Caterina Lo Rizzo
- Catherine A Shaw
- Catherine H Weldon
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- Openshaw Peter J M
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- Porteous David J
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- Ryan S Thwaites
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- S Coetzee
- S Cole
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- S Dale
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- S Greer
- S Gurung Rai
- S Henderson
- S Hierons
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- S Jhanji
- S Jones
- S Jose
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- S Kaul
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- S Leggett
- S MacFadyen
- S Manna
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- S Melling
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- S Williams
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- S Yussuf
- Sabino Scolletta
- Samreen Ijaz
- Sandro Mancarella
- Sandro Panese
- Sara Amitrano
- Sara McDonald
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- Saverio Giuseppe Parisi
- Saye Khoo
- Scott Richard
- Semple Malcolm G
- Serafina Valente
- Serena Ludovisi
- Sergio Daga
- Seán Keating
- Shankar-Hari Manu
- Shen Xia
- Shih Barbara
- Shiranee Sriskandan
- Shona C Moore
- Silvia Cappelli
- Simona Marcantonio
- Simone Furini
- Sophie Halpin
- Sophie Venturelli
- Stefania Mantovani
- Stefano Baratti
- Stefano Ceri
- Stefano Rusconi
- Stella Aslibekyan
- Stephanie Roberts
- Stephen R Knight
- Summers Charlotte
- Susanna Croci
- Susanna Guerrini
- T Anderson
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- T Behan
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- T Martin
- T McHugh
- T Newman
- T Nortcliffe
- T O Jones
- T Pogreban
- T Rees
- T Samakomva
- T Smith
- T Smith
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- T Varghes
- T Williams
- T Wood
- Tammy Gilchrist
- Tenesa Albert
- Teresa Filshtein-Sonmez
- Thomas M Drake
- Thushan de Silva
- Tim Walsh
- Tom Fletcher
- Tom Solomon
- Tony Wackett
- Trevor Paterson
- Tullio Trotta
- Turtle Lance
- U Poultney
- V Amin
- V Anumakonda
- V Bastion
- V Cannons
- V Crickmore
- V Gopal
- V Irvine
- V Kasipandian
- V Krishnamurthy
- V Lake
- V Linnett
- V Martinson
- V Nagarajan
- V Page
- V Parris
- V Parris
- V Pristopan
- V Ratnam
- V Rivers
- V Sarathy
- V Thomas
- V Thwaites
- V Tuckey
- V Turner
- V Wagstaff
- V Waugh
- Valentina Anemoli
- Vanessa Sancho-Shimizu
- Victoria Shaw
- Vitart Veronique
- W Harrison
- W Khaliq
- W Khaliq
- W McCormick
- W Woodyatt
- Walker Susan
- Walsh Timothy
- Wang Bo
- Wei Shen Lim
- Wendy S Barclay
- William A Paxton
- William Greenhalf
- Wilson James F
- Wrobel Nicola
- Wu Yang
- X Qiu
- Y Baird
- Y Choudhury
- Y Hussain
- Y Jackson
- Y Thirlwall
- Yang Jian
- Yang Zhijian
- Z Alldis
- Z Belagodu
- Z Bradshaw
- Z Coton
- Z Daly
- Z Farzad
- Z Fernandez
- Z Garland
- Z Maqsood
- Z Omar
- Z Prime
- Z Scott
- Zechner Marie
- Zhai Ranran
- Zheng Chenqing
- Publication venue
- Nature
- Publication date
- 01/01/2020
- Field of study
Host-mediated lung inflammation is present1, and drives mortality2, in the critical illness caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Host genetic variants associated with critical illness may identify mechanistic targets for therapeutic development3. Here we report the results of the GenOMICC (Genetics Of Mortality In Critical Care) genome-wide association study in 2,244 critically ill patients with COVID-19 from 208 UK intensive care units. We have identified and replicated the following new genome-wide significant associations: on chromosome 12q24.13 (rs10735079, P = 1.65 × 10-8) in a gene cluster that encodes antiviral restriction enzyme activators (OAS1, OAS2 and OAS3); on chromosome 19p13.2 (rs74956615, P = 2.3 × 10-8) near the gene that encodes tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2); on chromosome 19p13.3 (rs2109069, P = 3.98 × 10-12) within the gene that encodes dipeptidyl peptidase 9 (DPP9); and on chromosome 21q22.1 (rs2236757, P = 4.99 × 10-8) in the interferon receptor gene IFNAR2. We identified potential targets for repurposing of licensed medications: using Mendelian randomization, we found evidence that low expression of IFNAR2, or high expression of TYK2, are associated with life-threatening disease; and transcriptome-wide association in lung tissue revealed that high expression of the monocyte-macrophage chemotactic receptor CCR2 is associated with severe COVID-19. Our results identify robust genetic signals relating to key host antiviral defence mechanisms and mediators of inflammatory organ damage in COVID-19. Both mechanisms may be amenable to targeted treatment with existing drugs. However, large-scale randomized clinical trials will be essential before any change to clinical practice
General anaesthetic and airway management practice for obstetric surgery in England: a prospective, multi-centre observational study
- Author
- A Abdu
- A Ackerman
- A Adeyeye
- A Ahmed
- A Allana
- A Aquilina
- A Arch
- A A’Court
- A Brewer
- A Burtt
- A Curtis
- A Dabrowicz
- A Feneley
- A Gadre
- A Gandhi
- A Groves
- A Guha
- A Gunawardhana
- A Gupta
- A Harrison
- A Hartopp
- A Heavyside
- A Ignacka
- A Jalaly
- A Langton
- A Mckskeane
- A Monkhouse
- A Moon
- A Moreton
- A Morris
- A Nicholson
- A Nicklin
- A Prenter
- A Price
- A Rand
- A Ratnasingham
- A Reddy
- A Riccoboni
- A Sadeghi
- A Salberg
- A Shonfeld
- A Sinha
- A Smith
- A Soundararaja
- A Stilwell
- A Stokes
- A Sutherland
- A Swinson
- A Tan
- A Tiller
- A Tufchi
- A Veal
- A Webber
- A White
- A Yusaf
- A. O’ Dwyer
- A. Sau Kuk Poon
- A. Visram
- A. Wickham
- B Akindele
- B Avery
- B Baytug
- B Goodman
- B O’Neill
- B Peers
- B Peirce
- B Sawarzynska‐ryszka
- B Sivarajan
- B Straughan
- B. Post
- Becky Black
- C Abisogun
- C Adamson
- C Atkinson
- C Balaka
- C Berwick
- C Borkett‐Jones
- C Bressington
- C Calvert
- C Cashell
- C Cruz
- C Dean
- C Donovan
- C Finlay
- C Grother
- C Hays
- C Hemeson
- C Hindmoor
- C Honeywell
- C Huson
- C Hussain
- C Jeganathan
- C Joannides
- C Johnston
- C Kenyon
- C King
- C Kuan Yeow
- C Marsh
- C Martella
- C McCormick
- C Michael
- C Moser
- C Muir
- C Nolan
- C Oakes
- C Papageorgiou
- C Papoutsos
- C Quamina
- C Rao
- C Routley
- C Rowley
- C Ryan
- C Saad
- C Sellers
- C Skeoch
- C Smith
- C Smith
- C Smith
- C Smyth
- C Snipe
- C Srivastava
- C Stone
- C Swarbrick
- C Topham
- C Turnbull
- C Wang
- C Watts
- C. Johnston
- C. Morkane
- C. Oliver
- Cook TM
- D Abdel‐Gadir
- D Ahmed
- D Brunnen
- D Cheyne
- D Das
- D Fernando
- D Green
- D Griffin
- D Hadi
- D Harpham
- D Harshan
- D Magee
- D Mead
- D Monks
- D Morland
- D Neeley
- D Onwochei
- D O’Flaherty
- D Pandya
- D Rangarajan
- D Senaratne
- D Seneviratna
- D Trodd
- D Uncles
- D Vidanagamage
- D Wilson
- D Zeinali
- D. Highton
- D. Martin
- D. N. Lucas
- E Auer
- E Bielskute
- E Clarey
- E Coulborn
- E Crowther
- E Duckham
- E Fawcett
- E Harty
- E Hawkins
- E Hyde
- E Innes
- E Kingston
- E Kursumovic
- E McMaster
- E Meadows
- E Morgan
- E Nurmi
- E Pack
- E Poimenidi
- E Reel
- E Smith
- E Smith
- E Spence
- E Stevens
- E Syrrakou
- E Tyagi
- E Walker
- E Walshe
- E Winkley
- E Young
- E. Emeakaraoha
- F Amoakwa‐adu
- F Atkinson
- F Campbell‐Jones
- F Chin
- F Faulds
- F Ismail
- F Mazzola
- F Pearson
- F Pilkington
- F Ricco
- F Roberts
- F Walbridge
- G Arbane
- G Ashiru
- G Badham
- G Foster
- G Garvey
- G Graham
- G Grounds
- G Harris
- G Hawkins
- G Jackson
- G Kar
- G Miller
- G Narasimha Murthy
- G Papanastasiou
- G Singleton
- G Stocks
- G Waters
- G Wong
- H Bader
- H Boyle
- H Brown
- H Bykar
- H Farooq
- H Gardiner
- H Griffiths
- H Hammerbeck
- H Hampanna
- H Hancock
- H Handapangoda
- H Kaskos
- H King
- H Kuttambakam
- H Latif
- H Laycock
- H Lightfoot
- H Lynes
- H McKevitt
- H McNamara
- H McPhee
- H Murray
- H Nei
- H Osborn
- H Owston
- H Patel
- H Patel
- H Perry
- H Rosser
- H Sellers
- H Sivadhas
- H Smithers
- H Stafford
- H Tarft
- H Tolliday
- H Wain
- H Wong
- H. Kemp
- H. Laycock
- Holly Blake
- I Murdoch
- I Sharieff
- I Sheldrake
- I Taylor
- I Veronica
- I Wrench
- J Abrams
- J Allam
- J Berg
- J Boselli
- J Bowyer
- J Bray
- J Briscoe
- J Cantliffe
- J Carvalho
- J Cohen
- J Comar
- J Corfe
- J Cronin
- J Crooks
- J Dash
- J Dawson
- J Dean
- J Denman
- J Douglass
- J Ekpa
- J Eldridge
- J Elliott
- J Ferns
- J Forbes
- J Francis
- J Goddard
- J Griffith
- J Grindey
- J Groome
- J Gutsell
- J Hilton
- J Hunte
- J Hyams
- J Jackson
- J Kane
- J Kelly
- J Kelly
- J Kua
- J Lowe
- J Major
- J Man Wong
- J Marway
- J Masters
- J McGarry
- J Meikle
- J Monk
- J Moran
- J Onslow
- J Overend
- J Parry
- J Patel
- J Perinpanayagam
- J Plumb
- J Pullen
- J Qureshi
- J Razzaque
- J Riches
- J Sellick
- J Shambly
- J Short
- J Siah
- J Smith
- J Tebbot
- J Venkaya
- J Wu
- J. Andrade
- J. Cronin
- J. J. Pandit
- J. O’Carroll
- K Allen
- K Ashpole
- K Barrett
- K Batte
- K Burijintichenna
- K Cassim
- K Chima
- K Collins
- K Constantin
- K Davidson
- K Doughty
- K Dyer
- K Edwards
- K Elliott
- K El‐Boghdadly
- K Fraser
- K Henderson
- K House
- K Kuntumalla
- K Kurzatkowski
- K Lane
- K Light
- K Machavarapu
- K Manso
- K Marciniak
- K Miltsios
- K Morris
- K Murrell
- K Neil
- K Oliver
- K Patel
- K Patel
- K Powell Monaghan
- K Preston
- K Ranatunga
- K Redington
- K Roberts
- K Robins
- K Sinha
- K Stacey
- K Turley
- K Wankhade
- K Wimble
- K Wloch
- K Wynn
- K. El‐Boghdadly
- K. Grailey
- Knight M
- L Amarasekara
- L Barnes
- L Bates
- L Bridge
- L Camarasa
- L Collis
- L Dudgeon
- L Dunn
- L Elgie
- L Fletcher
- L Friedman
- L Fruggeri
- L Fulton
- L Hammon
- L Herbert
- L Hobbs
- L James
- L Kavanagh
- L Kelliher
- L Kessack
- L Maronge
- L Mason
- L Mason
- L Mcewan
- L McRae
- L Misquita
- L Montague
- L Powell
- L Roughley
- L Sharifi
- L Sharpe
- L Smith
- L Tarry
- L Vedham
- L Whitefield
- L Williams
- L Winslow
- L Zucco
- L. Phylactides
- M Aduse‐Poku
- M Anderson
- M Babio‐Galan
- M Baldwin
- M Behravesh
- M Bowen
- M Cairney
- M Chandler
- M Conroy
- M Doraiswami
- M Dower
- M Earl
- M Ellington
- M Elmi
- M Evans
- M Everett
- M Fleet
- M Forth
- M Homsy
- M Huniak
- M Jackson
- M James
- M Kadr
- M Khaku
- M Laverdino
- M Lungu
- M Lunn
- M Mackenzie
- M Maquinana
- M Maton‐Howarth
- M Rich
- M Rojo
- M Samuel
- M Shao Chong
- M Shaw
- M Simpson
- M Sinnott
- M Spiliopoulos
- M Thomas
- M Traves
- M Turnbull
- M Verghese
- M Walters
- M Wee
- M Whitear
- M. Gray
- M. McMonagle
- M. Mehta
- M. Mittal
- M. Mohamed
- M. Morosan
- M. Mount
- M. Mupudzi
- M. Murali
- M. Nel
- M. Ochoa‐Ferraro
- M. Oliver
- M. Patel
- M. Patel
- M. Purohit
- N Ahmad
- N Amaradasa
- N Barot
- N Brice
- N Campbell
- N Carmela Romano
- N Coker
- N Crowther
- N Daines
- N Desai
- N Hadjipavlou
- N Haslam
- N Higgins
- N Hoque
- N Lau
- N Lucas
- N Martin
- N Martins
- N Masood
- N Oakes
- N Panesar
- N Patel
- N Petrova
- N Pritchard
- N Richards
- N Schumacher
- N Schwartz
- N Sonawane
- N Staines
- N Tovell
- N. Blunt
- N. Odeleye
- O Akindele
- O Allen
- O Egole
- O Elbasir
- O El‐Amin
- O Henry
- O Morgan
- O Osagie
- O Siddique
- O Turner
- Oliver Blightman
- P Anandageetha
- P Balfour
- P Barclay
- P Chen
- P Chowdhury
- P Dannatt
- P Dewan
- P Fabb
- P Jadhav
- P Khan
- P Krishnan
- P Padhi
- P Palani
- P Sultan
- P Suppiah
- P Surve
- P Tamhane
- P Tamilselvan
- P Vadnere
- P Walsh
- P Winwright
- P. Hopkins
- P. M. Odor
- P. Remeta
- P. Rice
- P. Rudra
- P. Sceales
- P. Shinde
- P. Slater
- Q. Lo
- R Addison
- R Adler
- R Anandanadesan
- R Arya
- R Benloch
- R Bentley
- R Berwick
- R Bhadange
- R Bolton
- R Bowen
- R Chapman
- R Charles
- R Chirvasuta
- R Coe
- R Crone
- R Elnoumeir
- R Farrimond
- R George
- R Gupta
- R Haddon
- R Hitchcock
- R Howle
- R Iqbal
- R Jacobs
- R Johnson
- R Jones
- R Kainth
- R Kanji
- R Kaye
- R Konig
- R Lee
- R McCarthy
- R Pandey
- R Patel
- R Patel
- R Russell
- R Samuels
- R Shah
- R Smith
- R Stead
- R Swanton
- R Varadan
- R Vincent
- R Williams
- Ruth Bird
- S Adyanthaya
- S Akrimi
- S Al‐Rawi
- S Anandakrishnan
- S Apps
- S Armstrong
- S Bagchi
- S Bailey
- S Bali
- S Banks
- S Barrett
- S Bell
- S Bhattacharyya
- S Birch
- S Bird
- S Brayshaw
- S Brocklesby
- S Brown
- S Burnard
- S Cassie
- S Choudhury
- S Chughwani
- S Ciechanowicz
- S Curtis
- S Davies
- S Dimont
- S Downing
- S Dukes
- S Eapen
- S Eason
- S Fitzgerald
- S Funnell
- S Gillespie
- S Glover
- S Grigsby
- S Hammond
- S Hawksey
- S Ioannidis
- S Jani
- S Kannanparambil
- S Kelliot
- S Kestner
- S Khaleeq
- S Khan
- S Lane
- S Laxman
- S Leonardi
- S Liu
- S Liyanage
- S McCready
- S McDougall
- S Mckinley
- S Miller
- S Milne
- S Misquita
- S Pararajasingham
- S Pathak
- S Pepper
- S Phillips
- S Ramage
- S Randive
- S Rao Pelluri
- S Ripoll
- S Robinson
- S Roche
- S Sanapala
- S Sanusi
- S Sarao
- S Sathyabhama
- S Sen
- S Senbeto
- S Shah
- S Sharafudeen
- S Sibug
- S Siew
- S Sivakumar
- S Sivarajan
- S Slade
- S Smith
- S Smolen
- S Soltanifar
- S Sudunagunta
- S Tadbiri
- S Tanna
- S Taylor
- S Theron
- S Todd
- S Turney
- S Uz Zafar
- S Wellstead
- S Wilkinson
- S Wilson
- S Wray
- S Zhang
- S Zope
- S. Anwar
- S. Bampoe
- S. Phillips
- S. R. Moonesinghe
- Susara Blunden
- T Barnes
- T Christmas
- T Follet
- T Gately
- T Gopal
- T Hazelton
- T Husain
- T Hussain
- T Johnson
- T Jones
- T Kasianandan
- T McAllister
- T Murray
- T Nejim
- T Nolan
- T Oommen
- T Orr
- T Phillips
- T Potter
- T Ramanathan
- T Setty
- T Smith
- T Snel
- T Wedgwood
- T Wood
- Tatyana Blagova
- U Kidwai
- U Poultney
- U Ranasinghe
- V Barrett
- V Buswell
- V Cowie
- V Dalal
- V Duraiswamy
- V Fludder
- V Male
- V Millar
- V Peciulene
- V Salota
- V Subbarathnam
- V Unsworth
- V Vasishta
- V Vyapury
- V. Grover
- W Carrol
- W Duberry
- W Kok
- W Turner
- William Birts
- Y Ali
- Y Baird
- Y Davis
- Y Haroon‐Mowahed
- Y Metodiev
- Y Wan
- Y Yap
- Z Aboud
- Z Brar
- Z Edwards
- Z Garner
- Z Hussein
- Z Konstantinova
- Z Malik
- Z Rajput
- Z Saunders
- Publication venue
- 'Wiley'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2020
- Field of study
There are no current descriptions of general anaesthesia characteristics for obstetric surgery, despite recent changes to patient baseline characteristics and airway management guidelines. This analysis of data from the direct reporting of awareness in maternity patients' (DREAMY) study of accidental awareness during obstetric anaesthesia aimed to describe practice for obstetric general anaesthesia in England and compare with earlier surveys and best-practice recommendations. Consenting patients who received general anaesthesia for obstetric surgery in 72 hospitals from May 2017 to August 2018 were included. Baseline characteristics, airway management, anaesthetic techniques and major complications were collected. Descriptive analysis, binary logistic regression modelling and comparisons with earlier data were conducted. Data were collected from 3117 procedures, including 2554 (81.9%) caesarean deliveries. Thiopental was the induction drug in 1649 (52.9%) patients, compared with propofol in 1419 (45.5%). Suxamethonium was the neuromuscular blocking drug for tracheal intubation in 2631 (86.1%), compared with rocuronium in 367 (11.8%). Difficult tracheal intubation was reported in 1 in 19 (95%CI 1 in 16-22) and failed intubation in 1 in 312 (95%CI 1 in 169-667). Obese patients were over-represented compared with national baselines and associated with difficult, but not failed intubation. There was more evidence of change in practice for induction drugs (increased use of propofol) than neuromuscular blocking drugs (suxamethonium remains the most popular). There was evidence of improvement in practice, with increased monitoring and reversal of neuromuscular blockade (although this remains suboptimal). Despite a high risk of difficult intubation in this population, videolaryngoscopy was rarely used (1.9%)
Whole-genome sequencing reveals host factors underlying critical COVID-19
- Author
- Abd Elghafar M.S.
- Abdel-Aziz M.
- Abdelrazik M.
- Abdollahi H.
- Abdullah T.
- Abecasis G.R.
- Abecasis G.R.
- Abedalthagafi M.
- Abel L.
- Abernathy C.
- Abraheem A.
- Abul-Husn N.S.
- Acquilini D.
- Adams C.
- Adams E.L.
- Adams K.
- Adamsara A.
- Adanini O.
- Adeleye O.
- Adra D.
- Afilalo J.
- Afilalo M.
- Afolabi D.
- Afrasiabi Z.
- Agasou A.
- Agrawal S.
- Agüero D.
- Ahmad N.
- Ahmadi S.
- Ahmed A.
- Ahmed C.
- Akeroyd L.
- Akhtar M.N.
- Akinkugbe O.
- Aksentijevich A.
- Al Harthi F.
- Al Mutairi A.
- Al-Afghani H.
- Al-Awdah L.
- Alaamery M.
- Alahmadey Z.Z.
- Alaverdian D.
- Alavere H.
- Albader A.
- Albaiceta G.M.
- Albakri J.K.
- AlBardis H.
- Albeladi M.
- Albesher N.
- Albrich W.
- AlDhawi N.
- Aldridge J.
- Aleagha A.E.
- Alexander P.
- Alfonso J.
- Alghamdi B.
- Alghamdi J.
- Ali A.
- Ali A.
- Ali I.A.M.
- Ali S.
- Aliannejad R.
- Aljawini N.
- AlJohani S.
- Alkwai S.
- Allan A.
- Allan E.
- Allan J.
- Alldis Z.
- Allen L.
- Allen M.
- Allen S.
- Allibone S.
- Allison K.S.
- Allos R.
- Almaden-Boyle C.
- AlMalik A.
- Almalki F.
- Almohammed I.
- Almutairi M.
- Alotaibi S.
- Alowayn A.M.
- Alqahtani S.
- Alqubaishi F.
- Alrashed M.
- Alshareef A.
- Alsolm E.
- Alswailm M.
- Altabaibeh A.
- Alvaro A.
- AlZahrani D.
- Amin V.
- Amirsavadkouhi A.
- Amitrano S.
- Anastasescu E.
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- Andolfo I.
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- Åsvold B.O.
- Publication venue
- Springer Science and Business Media LLC
- Publication date
- 07/07/2022
- Field of study
Critical COVID-19 is caused by immune-mediated inflammatory lung injury. Host genetic variation influences the development of illness requiring critical care1 or hospitalization2,3,4 after infection with SARS-CoV-2. The GenOMICC (Genetics of Mortality in Critical Care) study enables the comparison of genomes from individuals who are critically ill with those of population controls to find underlying disease mechanisms. Here we use whole-genome sequencing in 7,491 critically ill individuals compared with 48,400 controls to discover and replicate 23 independent variants that significantly predispose to critical COVID-19. We identify 16 new independent associations, including variants within genes that are involved in interferon signalling (IL10RB and PLSCR1), leucocyte differentiation (BCL11A) and blood-type antigen secretor status (FUT2). Using transcriptome-wide association and colocalization to infer the effect of gene expression on disease severity, we find evidence that implicates multiple genes—including reduced expression of a membrane flippase (ATP11A), and increased expression of a mucin (MUC1)—in critical disease. Mendelian randomization provides evidence in support of causal roles for myeloid cell adhesion molecules (SELE, ICAM5 and CD209) and the coagulation factor F8, all of which are potentially druggable targets. Our results are broadly consistent with a multi-component model of COVID-19 pathophysiology, in which at least two distinct mechanisms can predispose to life-threatening disease: failure to control viral replication; or an enhanced tendency towards pulmonary inflammation and intravascular coagulation. We show that comparison between cases of critical illness and population controls is highly efficient for the detection of therapeutically relevant mechanisms of disease
Representation of ecological trends in remotely sensed data: Relating the probability of class membership to canopy composition and a vegetation ordination
- Author
- Publication venue
- 'Informa UK Limited'
- Publication date
- Field of study
Directive Cadre Européenne sur l'Eau Rapport technique d'intercalibration : méthodes d'évaluation de l'état écologique des lacs par le phytoplancton région Centrale Baltique
- Author
- Publication venue
- Publications Office of the European Union
- Publication date
- 01/01/2014
- Field of study
One of the key actions identified by the Water Framework Directive (WFD; 2000/60/EC) is to develop ecological assessment tools and carry out a European intercalibration (IC) exercise. The aim of the Intercalibration is to ensure that the values assigned by each Member State to the good ecological class boundaries are consistent with the Directive’s generic description of these boundaries and comparable to the boundaries proposed by other MS. In total, 83 lake assessment methods were submitted for the 2nd phase of the WFD intercalibration (2008-2012) and 62 intercalibrated and included in the EC Decision on Intercalibration (EC 2013). The intercalibration was carried out in the 13 Lake Geographical Intercalibration Groups according to the ecoregion and biological quality element. In this report we describe how the intercalibration exercise has been carried out in the Central Baltic Lake Phytoplankton IC group
Detecting the Ghost
- Author
- Publication venue
- 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2014
- Field of study
Looking back: understanding visits to museums in the UK since the nineteenth century
- Author
- Publication venue
- 'Informa UK Limited'
- Publication date
- Field of study