Second record of Tadarida brasiliensis (I. Geoffroy St.-Hilaire, 1824) (Chiroptera, Molossidae) in Santa Cruz Province, Argentina

Although Tadarida brasiliensis is one of the most widely distributed species of bats in Argentina, it is nevertheless extremely scarce in Patagonia. We report a second record of T. brasiliensis for Santa Cruz province, which fills a gap in the geographical distribution of this species in that province and is also the third southernmost record for the species and for any molossid bat in the world.Fil: Zapata, Sonia Cristina. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral. Unidad Académica Caleta Olivia. Centro de Investigaciones Puerto Deseado; ArgentinaFil: Procopio, Diego Esteban. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral. Unidad Académica Caleta Olivia. Centro de Investigaciones Puerto Deseado; ArgentinaFil: Morgenthaler, Annick. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral. Unidad Académica Caleta Olivia. Centro de Investigaciones Puerto Deseado; ArgentinaFil: Travaini, Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral. Unidad Académica Caleta Olivia. Centro de Investigaciones Puerto Deseado; Argentin

Detection of Leishmania DNA in wild foxes and associated ticks in Patagonia, Argentina, 2000 km south of its known distribution area

Indexación: Web of Science; PubMedBackground: Zoonotic Visceral Leishmaniasis (ZVL) is a vector-borne disease affecting humans and other mammals and caused by the protozoan parasite Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum (syn. L. chagasi), belonging to the L. donovani complex. The regions in Northern Argentina (above 32 degrees S) are its southern distribution limit in South America. Results: We detected Leishmania sp. DNA (most likely belonging to the L. donovani complex) in 37.5 % of 32 grey foxes (Pseudalopex griseus) captured in Argentinean Patagonia (48 degrees S and 50 degrees S). Eleven monosexual pools of Amblyomma tigrinum ticks from eight different foxes (six grey foxes and two culpeo foxes P. culpaeus) were also positive. The southernmost known distribution limit for L. infantum, and the southernmost reported capture of a phlebotominae, had previously been 2000 and 750 km north of our study area, respectively. Conclusions: This finding is significant because it markedly extends the distribution area of leishmaniasis; supports the existence of a sylvatic cycle in the absence of dogs; and has implications in transmission, indicating that either sand fly distribution is broader than currently thought or non-sand fly Leishmania maintenance is possible. Additional molecular, parasitological, epidemiological and entomological studies are still needed.http://parasitesandvectors.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13071-016-1515-

A parathyroid carcinoma within a cold thyroid nodule

We report the case of a 71-year-old woman who was referred to our institute with a solid nodule in the right thyroid lobe and hypercalcemia. Ultrasound revealed a well-vascularized right thyroid nodule that was identified as a cold area by 99mTc-sodium pertechnetate scan. Fine-needle aspiration showed a follicular lesion and blood tests revealed hypercalcemia and hyperparathyroidism. A 99mTc-methoxyisobutylisonitrile (99mTc-Sestamibi) scan was subsequently performed revealing a focal area of increased uptake in the right thyroid lobe, within the cold area detected by the thyroid scan. A right emithyroidectomy and right superior and inferior parathyroidectomy was performed and histopathological examination showed a parathyroid carcinoma (immunohistochemistry positive for PTH and chromogranin A, Ki-67 10%) associated with follicular hyperplasia

[18F] FDG uptake: pay attention to candies

[18F]Fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG) is a positron emission radiotracer whose biodistribution is similar to glucose. The similar biodistribution of [18F]FDG and glucose in the human body requires a fasting condition for at least six hours prior to performing a [18F]FDG positron emission tomography ([18F]FDG PET) study

Quando la vittima è l’arte: gli attacchi dell’Isis

This contribution proposes a criminological perspective on the phenomenon of art destruction carried out by Isis: a “scorchedearth” operation which has interested many areas of Syria, Iran and Libya with the purpose of annihilating the local feelingof belonging and the collective memory. In particular the article considers the damage inflicted by this kind of behaviorwhich destroys unique and inimitable masterpieces and also damages the whole community, just as it happens inenvironmental crimes. Finally, starting from the assumption that, in spite of their seriousness, this kind of crimes causes alimited social reaction, attention is focused on the extent of the damages considered; their irreparability means that we areall deprived of the possibility of experiencing that which represents our history and our past

Diet of the Red-backed Hawk (Buteo polyosoma) in two environmentally contrasting areas of Patagonia

We studied the Red-backed Hawk (Buteo polyosoma) diet by pellet analysis in two areas, the Monumento Natural Bosques Petrificados (MNBP) and Junín de los Andes, located in southern and northwestern Argentinean Patagonia respectively. These areas have different values of primary production mainly due to the differences in mean annual precipitation, being higher in Junín de los Andes. Diets were dominated by mammals in both areas (68.3% and 61% of occurrences). Rodents represented the greatest proportion (66.5%) of prey numbers in MNBP. They represented 92.6% of the biomass. Arthropods were also consumed with a relatively high occurrence (21.4%). In Junín de los Andes, rodents were an important prey (57.1%) but represented only 29.6% of the consumed biomass. In contrast, the introduced European hare (Lepus europaeus) was not frequently consumed (13.5%) but comprised 59.3% of prey biomass. Reptiles were a frequent item, consumed at 25.2% of total prey. The diet of the Red-backed Hawk was significantly different between MNBP and Junín de los Andes. The wider food niche breadth of the Red-backed Hawk in Junín de los Andes was likely attributable to the more even distribution of prey categories. Additionally, a functional response toward European hare consumption was observed, with a higher consumption of this prey at Junín de los Andes.Fil: Travaini, Alejandro. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Santillán, Miguel Ángel. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral; ArgentinaFil: Zapata, Sonia Cristina. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral; Argentin

Pretratamiento de bagazo de caña de azúcar por ozonólisis para obtención de bioalcoholes: Efectos sobre la liberación de azúcares, la generación de inhibidores y las fermentaciones

En las últimas décadas, el creciente aumento de la población humana asociado al desarrollo industrial ha llevado al consumo excesivo de combustibles fósiles, que han sido los responsables del incremento en las concentraciones de gases contaminantes en la atmosfera, amenazando la calidad ambiental del planeta. Este panorama ha llevado a la búsqueda de nuevas alternativas para la sustitución de los combustibles fósiles por otras reservas energéticas ambientalmente sostenibles y provenientes de fuentes renovables. Una de las opciones más prometedoras es la producción de biocombustibles líquidos para utilización como carburantes a partir de residuos abundantes como los lignocelulósicos, ricos en azúcares. Su principal ventaja es que se trata de residuos que, en vez de ser tratados como tales, pueden ser valorizados generando productos de valor añadido, pero, además, suponen una baja huella de gases del efecto invernadero. Sin embargo, su producción es compleja, y presenta retos tecnológicos que todavía deben de ser superados para llegar a procesos que sean económicamente viables. La producción de biocombustibles lignocelulósicos, en lo que se denomina combustibles de segunda generación, puede dividirse, de manera simplificada, en tres etapas principales. La primera etapa, el pretratamiento, es la clave para la obtención de buenos rendimientos, es la responsable de la desestructuración de la biomasa y la liberación de los polímeros de azúcares de su matriz con la lignina que les protege. Una vez liberados los polímeros de azúcares, la etapa siguiente, la hidrólisis enzimática, tiene por objetivo su sacarificación y producción de azúcares más pequeños que puedan ser convertidos por microorganismos en los productos de interés. En una última etapa, los hidrolizados ricos en azúcares simples son fermentados por microorganismos especializados, convirtiéndolos en biocombustibles. En esta tesis doctoral se ha estudiado la aplicación del ozono como forma de pretratamiento para producción de biocombustibles a partir de un residuo lignocelulósico muy abundante, el bagazo de caña de azúcar. Este pretratamiento, llamado ozonólisis, es un método químico oxidativo para la remoción de la lignina por degradación y/o solubilización.

Il divino e le monete : iconografia, contesti sacri e usi rituali

Solo gli Stati possono battere moneta, ora come nel passato (non i privati che potevano semmai produrre soltanto medaglie che non circolavano): l\u2019iconografia, testo e immagine sui due lati della moneta, permetteva, allora come ora, di identificare l\u2019autorit\ue0 emittente e garantire allo stesso tempo la bont\ue0 del metallo e del peso. Le divinit\ue0 sono sempre state presenti su uno dei due lati delle monete: Zeus o Apollo sulle monete greche; Giove, Venere, Ercole, Diana, Sol Invictus e tanti altri su quelle romane; le personificazioni divinizzate di Atena o Roma sulle monete delle due citt\ue0. Cos\uec fu anche nel medioevo e nell\u2019et\ue0 moderna, con i santi patroni delle citt\ue0 (san Giovani Battista a Firenze o sant\u2019Ambrogio a Milano) e perfino san Francesco d\u2019Assisi, lui che odiava il denaro!L\u2019identificazione tra Stato e moneta portava anche ad un forte rapporto identitario tra chi usava le monete e le sentiva proprie: alcune monete straniere ritrovate in contesti sacri medievali (santuari o tombe di santi) possono essere interpretate come casi di offerte personali da parte di pellegrini che venivano da luoghi lontani e volevano lasciare una \u2018memoria\u2019 di s\ue9. Gli usi delle monete si estendevano quindi oltre la sfera economica \u2018terrena\u2019 fino ad un scambio economico con l\u2019Aldil\ue0: monete in tombe, in fondazioni di edifici ed anche monete reliquie conservate in alcune chiese

Criminological Treatment of Abusing Partners

Criminological rehabilitative treatments of abusive partners have always been considered of key impor- tance from a preventive point of view. Criminological research, and our experience as criminologists, has proved that even the most abusive partners\u2014including uxoricides\u2014after their convictions repeat the same violent relationship pattern. That said, the Chair of Criminology (University of Milan) set up the first action and research program in Italy offering treatment for perpetrators of domestic violence, called S.A.Vi.D. (Stop Alla Violenza Domestica \u2013 an Italian acronym meaning: Stopping Domestic Violence) in 2010. Information about all the subjects treated will also be described and discussed: age, legal sta- tus motives, offender behavior prior to treatment, whether and how behavior changed after treatment