Haemoprotozoa Infection of Domestic Birds in Hilly Areas of Bangladesh

The blood protozoa of two important domestic birds namely chickens (Gallus domesticus) and pigeon (Columba livia) reared in the hilly areas of Bangladesh were studied. A total of 400 birds (200 chicken and 200 pigeons) were examined of which 149 (37.3%) [95% CI] birds were found infected by one or more haemoprotozoan parasites. Haemoprotozoa belonging to three genera were identified. Pigeon 80 (40%) was recorded more susceptible to haemoprotozoa infection than chicken 69 (34.5%). 118 birds (29.5%) were found to be infected with single infection where as mixed infections were found in 31 birds (7.8%). The prevalence of blood protozoa in female birds (69.5%) was found significantly higher (p ≤ 0.0001) [95% CI] than male birds (5%). Within the study period, the prevalence rate of Haemoprotozoa was 60.6% in summer season, 36.7% in rainy and 23% winter seasons. This study has archived a high prevalence of haemoparasites, henceforth encourage further to determine the effect of contamination on the productivity and profitability of these birds, and evaluation of cost-benefit of various control strategies need to be undertaken

A novel mutation 5' to the HMG box of the SRY gene in a case of Swyer syndrome

We describe a novel mutation in the coding region of the SRY gene in a 46,XY female with Swyer syndrome. Analysis of SRY was carried out by direct sequencing of a 780-bp PCR product that included the SRY open reading frame (ORF). This revealed the presence of a point mutation, ins108A, in the coding region 50 to the HMG box which results in a frame shift and premature termination of the encoded protein. No other mutation was found in the SRY ORF. We infer that sex reversal in this individual is a result of this insertion. In none of the 13 other 46, XY females that were studied was a mutation detected in SRY, confirming earlier findings that most cases of XY femaleness are due to causes other than mutation in SRY. These observations and those of others are discussed in relation to the aetiology of XY sex reversal

Utilizing Reduced Graphene Oxide-Iron Nanoparticles Composite to Enhance and Accelerate the Removal of Methyl Blue Organic Dye in Wastewater

In this work, a nano-composite is used to remove dye from wastewater of different industries. For this purpose, thesynthesis of a magnetic 1:1 composite made of iron nanoparticles (NPs) using reduced graphene oxide is a novel techniqueand tested for Methyl Blue (MB) dye adsorption from aqueous solution. In this study Fe nanoparticles in reduced Graphenecomposite (FGOC) has been prepared using Graphene Oxide (GO). X-ray diffraction, FTIR spectroscopy and Ramanspectroscopy, are used to identify the structures. Many methods have been developed for MB removal in wastewater. One ofthe most popular methods is adsorption because it is simple and high-efficiency, and the adsorbent is crucial. It reached amaximum MB adsorption at pH 7. The kinetic study indicated that the adsorption of MB process was fitted well to thequasi-first-order and quasi-second-order kinetic models. The isotherm study revealed that the MB adsorption process obeyedthe Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption Isotherms models. The GO adding content and absorption conditions on the methylblue removal efficiencies were investigated. This adsorbent is easily recovered by an external magnetic field from thetreated wastewater and has high reusability

Performance of Compressive Sensing Based Energy Detection

Detailed workflow for Physical position search (DOCX 36 kb

Toxicity of the Herbicide Atrazine: Effects on Lipid Peroxidation and Activities of Antioxidant Enzymes in the Freshwater Fish Channa Punctatus (Bloch)

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the toxicity and effects of a commercial formulation of the herbicide atrazine (Rasayanzine) on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme system in the freshwater air breathing fish Channa punctatus. The 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h LC50 of atrazine, calculated by probit analysis, were determined to be 77.091, 64.053, 49.100, 44.412 and 42.381 mg·L−1, respectively, in a semi static system with significant difference (p < 0.05) in LC10–90 values obtained for different times of exposure. In addition to concentration and time dependent decrease in mortality rate, stress signs in the form of behavioral changes were also observed in response to the test chemical. In fish exposed for 15 days to different sublethal concentrations of the herbicide (1/4 LC50 = ∼10.600 mg·L−1, 1/8 LC50 = ∼5.300 mg·L−1 and 1/10 LC50 = ∼4.238 mg·L−1) induction of oxidative stress in the liver was evidence by increased lipid peroxidation levels. The antioxidants superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione reductase (GR) responded positively in a concentration dependent pattern, thus, suggesting the use of these antioxidants as potential biomarkers of toxicity associated with contaminations exposure in freshwater fishes

Prospects and problems of implementation research on soil transmitted helminthes (STHs) infection in Bangladesh

Soil-transmitted helminths are responsible for diseases that thrive where there is poverty and disadvantage. Although rarely fatal, it is recognized as a leading global cause of lifelong disability. To achieve the target set by World Health Assembly, efforts must be intensified to eliminate STH as a public-health problem. Accumulated scientific knowledge and the availability of safe anthelminthics such as mebendazole and albendazole laid the foundation for a global strategy to control STH. However, there are several foreseeable challenges and risks to the success of an MDA-based transmission interruption strategy for STH. Continued progress toward global STH elimination will require solutions to potential obstacles in the most challenging— that is, the poorest—endemic settings like Bangladesh

Haemoprotozoa Infection of Domestic Birds in Hilly Areas of Bangladesh

The blood protozoa of two important domestic birds namely chickens (Gallus domesticus) and pigeon (Columba livia) reared in the hilly areas of Bangladesh were studied. A total of 400 birds (200 chicken and 200 pigeons) were examined of which 149 (37.3%) [95% CI] birds were found infected by one or more haemoprotozoan parasites. Haemoprotozoa belonging to three genera were identified. Pigeon 80 (40%) was recorded more susceptible to haemoprotozoa infection than chicken 69 (34.5%). 118 birds (29.5%) were found to be infected with single infection where as mixed infections were found in 31 birds (7.8%). The prevalence of blood protozoa in female birds (69.5%) was found significantly higher (p ≤ 0.0001) [95% CI] than male birds (5%). Within the study period, the prevalence rate of Haemoprotozoa was 60.6% in summer season, 36.7% in rainy and 23% winter seasons. This study has archived a high prevalence of haemoparasites, henceforth encourage further to determine the effect of contamination on the productivity and profitability of these birds, and evaluation of cost-benefit of various control strategies need to be undertaken

Evaluation of differentially expressed genic marker linked resistance gene analog (RGAs) effective at seedling stage against spot blotch in wheat

Spot blotch caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana is an economically significant disease of wheat that can cause yield losses up to 70%. It is a disease of great concern, especially in South Asia and Latin American countries, where warm-humid conditions persist during the wheat cropping season. In eastern parts of India, it is a major issue which sometimes occurs up to epidemic proportions. Lacking suitable resistant genes in high-yielding cultivars further add to the problem and reason of huge yield losses. Resistant gene analog (RGAs) are a class of resistant genes with conserved modules provides resistance against such devastating pathogens. They resist a plethora of disease-causing pathogen and orchestrated a response via activating numerous downstream cascades of pathogenesis ultimately leads to survival under biotic encounter. Here, we postulated that expression of these genes are modulated upon infection in resistant cultivar (BHU-35) compared to known susceptible cultivar i.e., Sonalika at seedling stage upon artificial infestation of two diverse isolates PUSA2 and HD3069, individually. Moreover, these sequences act as a genic marker in the cultivar and could be used to differentiate resistant from the susceptible ones. This study about RGAs genes provides a novel genic marker-assisted differential gene expression in contrasting cultivars and thus, use to generate resistance in susceptible cultivars by stacking these classes of genes using molecular breeding/biotechnological approaches. An increasing proportion of such devastating diseases in wheat-growing regions necessitated the development of resistant varieties to tackle the disease