Le monde rural au second âge du Fer : des avancées considérables, des perspectives illimitées

Dix ans déjà que l’Inrap a été fondé et, pour commémorer cet événement, nous allons exposer les apports de l’archéologie préventive à la connaissance du monde rural au second âge du Fer. L’interprétation du terme « aedificia » de la Guerre des Gaules et la traduction de « native farm » par « ferme indigène » (terme que certains emploient toujours !) appartiennent à l’histoire de la recherche antérieure à l’archéologie préventive. Aux kilomètres parcourus dans le ciel par les avions en quête d..

Huygens attitude reconstruction based on flight engineering parameters

Huygens is ESA’s main contribution to the joint NASA/ESA/ASI Cassini/Huygens mission to Saturn and its largest moon Titan. The Probe, delivered to the interface altitude of 1270 km above the surface by NASA/JPL Cassini orbiter, entered the dense atmosphere of Titan on 14 January 2005 and landed on the surface after a descent under parachute of slightly less than 2.5 hours. Huygens continued to function after landing for more than 3 hours. Data was transmitted and successfully recovered by Cassini continuously during the parachute descent and for 72 minutes on the surface. Although the Huygens attitude reconstruction based on the flight engineering parameters was not foreseen during the development phase (no gyros were included), a rough descent under parachute and indications of an anomaly in the probe spin direction make the engineering dataset valuable in the frame of the ADRS (Huygens Attitude Determination and Reconstruction Subgroup) as a complement to the scientific measurements. In addition, several scientific teams have a strong interest in understanding the orientation of the probe for interpreting their data, as DISR (Descent Imager and Spectral Radiometer) and HASI-PWA (Huygens Atmospheric Structure Instrument-Permeability, Wave and Altimetry). In this paper we describe the engineering parameters used for the Probe attitude reconstruction (Clausen et al., 2002), namely the radio link AGC (Automatic Gain Control), RASU and CASU (Radial and Central Accelerometer Sensor Units) and RAU (Radar Altimeter Unit). We explain the methodology applied to indirectly infer the attitude information from the measurements of these sensors. We also discuss and present the reconstructed information related to attitude: spin rate and azimuthal position (during the atmospheric descent), and landing orientation. Tip and tilt implications are still being worked at the time of writing. Preliminary data on their behavior is presented

Overview of the coordinated ground-based observations of Titan during the Huygens mission

Coordinated ground-based observations of Titan were performed around or during the Huygens atmospheric probe mission at Titan on 14 January 2005, connecting the momentary in situ observations by the probe with the synoptic coverage provided by continuing ground-based programs. These observations consisted of three different categories: (1) radio telescope tracking of the Huygens signal at 2040 MHz, (2) observations of the atmosphere and surface of Titan, and (3) attempts to observe radiation emitted during the Huygens Probe entry into Titan's atmosphere. The Probe radio signal was successfully acquired by a network of terrestrial telescopes, recovering a vertical profile of wind speed in Titan's atmosphere from 140 km altitude down to the surface. Ground-based observations brought new information on atmosphere and surface properties of the largest Satumian moon. No positive detection of phenomena associated with the Probe entry was reported. This paper reviews all these measurements and highlights the achieved results. The ground-based observations, both radio and optical, are of fundamental imnortance for the interpretatinn of results from the Huygens mission

Un inventaire national des sites ruraux du Hallstatt D3 au gallo-romain précoce

National audienc

L’organisation et l’évolution de l’espace rural au 2^nd âge du Fer : état d’avancement de l’enquête nationale

National audienc

Apprehending Continuity and Discontinuity in Iron Age Soil Occupation and Rural Landscape through a collective database

International audienc

Apprehending Continuity and Discontinuity in Iron Age Soil Occupation and Rural Landscape through a collective database

International audienc

Apprehending Continuity and Discontinuity in Iron Age Soil Occupation and Rural Landscape through a collective database

International audienc

L'habitat rural du second âge du Fer: Rythmes de création et d'abandon au nord de la Loire

National audienceThis book, resulting from a national investigation conducted by Inrap, is an analytical presentation of the rhythms of the emergence and abandonment of rural settlements during the Second Iron Age in the northern half of France. Depending on the region studied, between the 5th century BC and the 1st century AD, rural settlements were established, and have now been studied through preventative archaeological operations covering large surfaces. These studied updated our knowledge of the Gallic countryside, integrating paleobotanical, zooarchaeological and climatic data. Through systematic studies and presentations, this book offers a useful glimpse into this period, linking archaeology and historic information, such as the Celtic migration, the arrival of the Belgians and the Gallic Wars.Cet ouvrage, issu d’une enquête nationale menée par l’Inrap, livre une présentation analytique, à l’échelle d’une grande moitié nord de la France, des rythmes de création et d’abandon des établissements ruraux au second âge du Fer. Selon les régions étudiées, entre le Ve siècle avant notre ère et le Ier siècle de notre ère, furent créés des établissements ruraux qui ont pu être étudiés grâce aux opérations d’archéologie préventive sur de larges superficies. Ces études ont renouvelé nos connaissances sur les campagnes gauloises, intégrant des données paléobotaniques, archéozoologiques et climatiques. Grâce à l’aspect systématique des études et de la présentation des recherches, cet ouvrage offre un bon aperçu de cette période, alliant l’archéologie et les faits historiques telles les migrations celtiques, l’arrivée des Belges et la guerre des Gaules