Ground State of the Easy-Axis Rare-Earth Kagom\'e Langasite Pr3_3Ga5_5SiO14_{14}

We report muon spin relaxation ($\mu$SR) and $^{69,71}$Ga nuclear quadrupolar resonance (NQR) local-probe investigations of the kagom\'e compound Pr$_3$Ga$_5$SiO$_{14}$. Small quasi-static random internal fields develop below 40 K and persist down to our base temperature of 21 mK. They originate from hyperfine-enhanced $^{141}$Pr nuclear magnetism which requires a non-magnetic Pr$^{3+}$ crystal-field (CF) ground state. Besides, we observe a broad maximum of the relaxation rate at $\simeq 10$ K which we attribute to the population of the first excited magnetic CF level. Our results yield a Van-Vleck paramagnet picture, at variance with the formerly proposed spin-liquid ground state.Comment: minor change

Medium-modified fragmentation of b-jets tagged by a leading muon in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions

The possibility to observe the medium-modified fragmentation of hard b-quarks tagged by a leading muon in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions is analyzed. We have found that reasonable statistics, ~20000 events per 1 month of LHC run with lead beams, can be expected for the realistic geometrical acceptance and kinematic cuts. The numerical estimates on the effect of the medium-induced softening b-jet fragmentation function are given.Comment: 12 pages in LaTeX (including 3 figures in EPS-format

Electronic phase separation in TmBa2Cu4O8

The NQR spectra of Cu(2) in the superconductor TmBa2Cu4O8 are studied at temperatures from 300 to 4.2 K. In analyzing the spectra it is assumed that the NQR line of each isotope contains two Gaussian components - narrow (n) and broad (b). It is discovered that the NQR frequencies have a minimum at the temperature T* = 150 K. The frequencies of the components of the spectrum are close at temperatures from T* to 4.2 K and differ substantially at temperatures T>T*. Both components are broadened as the temperature decreases, but this broadening occurs especially rapidly at temperatures T<T*. The relative intensity of the narrow component In/(In+Ib) equals 1/6 for T = 225-160 K, increases abruptly at T = T*, and remains constant (1/3) at temperatures T from 125 to 4.2 K. Analysis of the experimental data showed that the anomalous temperature dependences of the Cu(2) NQR spectra could be due to electronic phase separation (stratification) in the CuO2 planes at temperatures T ≤ T*. © 1996 American Institute of Physics

Complementary use of TEM and APT for the investigation of steels nanostructured by severe plastic deformation

The properties of bulk nanostructured materials are often controlled by atomic scale features like segregation along defects or composition gradients. Here we discuss about the complimentary use of TEM and APT to obtain a full description of nanostructures. The advantages and limitations of both techniques are highlighted on the basis of experimental data collected in severely deformed steels with a special emphasis on carbon spatial distribution

Pattern formation of reaction-diffusion system having self-determined flow in the amoeboid organism of Physarum plasmodium

The amoeboid organism, the plasmodium of Physarum polycephalum, behaves on the basis of spatio-temporal pattern formation by local contraction-oscillators. This biological system can be regarded as a reaction-diffusion system which has spatial interaction by active flow of protoplasmic sol in the cell. Paying attention to the physiological evidence that the flow is determined by contraction pattern in the plasmodium, a reaction-diffusion system having self-determined flow arises. Such a coupling of reaction-diffusion-advection is a characteristic of the biological system, and is expected to relate with control mechanism of amoeboid behaviours. Hence, we have studied effects of the self-determined flow on pattern formation of simple reaction-diffusion systems. By weakly nonlinear analysis near a trivial solution, the envelope dynamics follows the complex Ginzburg-Landau type equation just after bifurcation occurs at finite wave number. The flow term affects the nonlinear term of the equation through the critical wave number squared. Contrary to this, wave number isn't explicitly effective with lack of flow or constant flow. Thus, spatial size of pattern is especially important for regulating pattern formation in the plasmodium. On the other hand, the flow term is negligible in the vicinity of bifurcation at infinitely small wave number, and therefore the pattern formation by simple reaction-diffusion will also hold. A physiological role of pattern formation as above is discussed.Comment: REVTeX, one column, 7 pages, no figur

Thermal Dileptons at LHC

We predict dilepton invariant-mass spectra for central 5.5 ATeV Pb-Pb collisions at LHC. Hadronic emission in the low-mass region is calculated using in-medium spectral functions of light vector mesons within hadronic many-body theory. In the intermediate-mass region thermal radiation from the Quark-Gluon Plasma, evaluated perturbatively with hard-thermal loop corrections, takes over. An important source over the entire mass range are decays of correlated open-charm hadrons, rendering the nuclear modification of charm and bottom spectra a critical ingredient.Comment: 2 pages, 2 figures, contributed to Workshop on Heavy Ion Collisions at the LHC: Last Call for Predictions, Geneva, Switzerland, 14 May - 8 Jun 2007 v2: acknowledgment include

Возможности имитационного моделирования в практике системы здравоохранения

Introduction. This article presents the experience of five years of using simulation modeling to optimize work in the field of healthcare organization. Works are considered on the example of organizing the process of a three-level system for organizing emergency medical care in the regions, and examples of the practical application of computer modeling to improve the work of an inpatient emergency department are presented.The objective was to study various methods and approaches to the implementation of simulation modeling used in practice in the healthcare system. Consider the possibilities of simulation modeling on the FlexsimHC platform.Methods and materials. The analysis of methods and software used to create a simulation model in the healthcare sector was carried out. The main possibilities of using process modeling on the FlexsimHC platform were considered on the example of designing work inside and outside the hospital.Results. After a series of experiments in the virtual space, the data obtained were put into practice. On the example of the completed project of the simulation model of the region, a real way to optimize the emergency medical care in the region was proposed. Experiments were also carried out on models of an inpatient emergency department, the results of which revealed ways to optimize the workflow aimed at reducing the duration of stay inside the department, at an adequate distribution of patient flows, allowing timely implementation of all necessary medical and diagnostic measures without additional burden on medical personnel.Conclusion. Simulation modeling is the key to solving the logical problems of modern planning, allowing to reduce the risks of logistics errors in real time. Введение. Представлен опыт пятилетнего использования имитационного моделирования для оптимизации работы в сфере организации здравоохранения. Рассмотрены работы на примере организации процесса трехуровневой системы организации оказания скорой медицинской помощи в регионах, а также представлены примеры практического применения компьютерного моделирования для усовершенствования работы стационарного отделения скорой медицинской помощи.Цель – изучить различные методы и подходы к реализации имитационного моделирования, применяемые на практике в системе здравоохранения. Рассмотреть возможности имитационного моделирования на платформе «FlexsimHC».Методы и материалы. Проведен анализ методов и программного обеспечения, применяемого для создания имитационной модели в сфере здравоохранения. Рассмотрены основные возможности использования процессного моделирования на платформе «FlexsimHC» на примере проектирования работы внутри стационара и вне его.Результаты. После проведения ряда экспериментов в виртуальном пространстве полученные данные были применены на практике. На примере выполненного проекта имитационной модели региона был предложен реальный путь оптимизации оказаний экстренной медицинской помощи в регионе. Также проведены эксперименты на моделях стационарного отделения скорой медицинской помощи, по результатам которых выявлены пути оптимизации рабочего процесса, направленного на снижение длительности нахождения внутри отделения, на адекватное распределение потоков пациентов, позволяющее своевременно провести все необходимые лечебно-диагностические мероприятия без дополнительной нагрузки на медицинский персонал.Заключение. Имитационное моделирование – ключ для решения логических проблем современного планирования, позволяющий снизить риски ошибок логистики в реальном времени.

МУЛЬТИСПИРАЛЬНАЯ КОМПЬЮТЕРНАЯ ТОМОГРАФИЯ В ДИАГНОСТИКЕ ПАТОЛОГИИ ДУГИ АОРТЫ И АНОМАЛИЙ БРАХИОЦЕФАЛЬНЫХ АРТЕРИЙ У ДЕТЕЙ ПЕРВОГО ГОДА ЖИЗНИ

Aortic malformations often cause critical states in the neonatal period. MSCT method allows you to get a detailed understanding of the anatomy of vice and identify concomitant bronchopulmonary disease. This paper presents a comparative analysis of 27 patients of the first year of life with the pathology of the aortic arch, which were performed echocardiography and MSCT. After analysis of both research methods in 4 patients revealed a discrepancy echocardiography and MSCT data which led to a change in surgical approach. Just according to SITC 2 patients revealed tracheal stenosis, in one case, isolated, in another due to compression of the vascular ring. MSCT is a highly informative method for diagnosing pathology of the aortic arch and associated bronchopulmonary disease in children in the first year of life.Пороки развития аорты зачастую являются причиной критических состояний в неонатальном периоде. Метод МСКТ позволяет получить детальное представление об анатомии порока и выявить сопутствующую бронхолегочную патологию. В работе представлен сравнительный анализ данных 27 пациентов первого года жизни с патологией дуги аорты, которым была выполнена ЭхоКГ и МСКТ. После анализа обоих методов исследования у 4 пациентов выявлено несоответствие данных ЭхоКГ и МСКТ, что привело к изменению хирургической тактики. Также по данным МСТК, у 2 пациентов выявлен стеноз трахеи, в одном случае - изолированный, в другом - за счет сдавления сосудистым кольцом. МСКТ является высокоинформативным методом диагностики патологии дуги аорты и сопутствующей бронхолегочной патологии у детей первого года жизни

Клиническое наблюдение уротелиальной карциномы с имплантационными метастазами

Urothelial cancer ranks 4th in the prevalence of malignant tumors after prostate cancer (or mammary glands), lung and colorectal cancer. Urothelial cancer of the upper urinary tract is quite rare and accounts for 5–10% of all cases of urothelial cancer. The leading clinical symptom of cancer of the renal pelvis and ureter is hematuria. Metastasis of tumors of the upper urinary tract is observed quite often. Metastasis of the tumor can be carried out lymphogenically into the para-aortic and parailiac lymph nodes, hematogenous to the liver, lungs, and bones. In addition, urothelial cancer often spreads through the urinary tract mucosa, mainly in the caudal direction. Currently, multidetector computer urography is considered the gold standard for examining the upper urinary tract, taking the place of excretory urography. This study should be performed under optimal conditions, especially with the inclusion of the excretory phase. It is necessary to perform scanning in a spiral mode (with a step of 1 millimeter) before and after the contrast medium. Clinical case of a patient with urethral carcinoma with implantation metastases in the ureter and in the bladder is presented.Уротелиальный рак занимает 4-е место по распространенности злокачественных опухолей после рака простаты (или молочных желез), легкого и колоректального рака. Уротелиальный рак верхних мочевых путей встречается довольно редко и составляет 5–10% от всех случаев уротелиального рака. Ведущим клиническим симптомом рака почечной лоханки и мочеточника является гематурия. Метастазирование опухолей верхних мочевых путей наблюдается довольно часто. Метастазирование опухоли может осуществляться лимфогенным путем в парааортальные и параилиакальные лимфатические узлы, гематогенным – в печень, легкие, кости. Кроме того, уротелиальный рак часто распространяется по слизистой мочевых путей, главным образом в каудальном направлении. В настоящее время мультидетекторная компьютерная урография считается “золотым стандартом” для обследования верхних мочевых путей, заняв место экскреторной урографии. Данное исследование должно выполняться при оптимальных условиях, особенно с включением экскреторной фазы. Необходимо выполнять сканирование в спиральном режиме (с шагом 1 мм) до и после введения контрастного вещества. Представлено клиническое наблюдение пациента с уротелиальной карциномой с имплантационными метастазами последовательно в мочеточник и в мочевой пузырь

Design, Performance, and Calibration of CMS Hadron Endcap Calorimeters

Detailed measurements have been made with the CMS hadron calorimeter endcaps (HE) in response to beams of muons, electrons, and pions. Readout of HE with custom electronics and hybrid photodiodes (HPDs) shows no change of performance compared to readout with commercial electronics and photomultipliers. When combined with lead-tungstenate crystals, an energy resolution of 8\% is achieved with 300 GeV/c pions. A laser calibration system is used to set the timing and monitor operation of the complete electronics chain. Data taken with radioactive sources in comparison with test beam pions provides an absolute initial calibration of HE to approximately 4\% to 5\%