Agressividade e índice de Apgar

A agressividade é o comportamento que surge transversalmente como queixa isolada ou a par de outras queixas na maioria das crianças com e sem doença, que procuram apoio em saúde mental infantil. Nessas crianças, e a partir da recolha dos dados anamnesicos, tem-se verificado a constância de registo, no Livro do Bebé, de Índice de Apgar ≤ 9 ao primeiro minuto. Este estudo exploratório pretendeu analisar a hipótese teórica de que o Índice de Apgar abaixo de 10 ao primeiro minuto pode ser representativo de sofrimento fetal intraparto ou perinatal e assim fragilizar os circuitos neuronais das emoções tendo como consequência o surgimento, ao longo do desenvolvimento infantil e juvenil, de dificuldades na capacidade de gestão ou controlo das emoções, com comportamentos opositivos e/ou agressivos, como resposta defensiva de luta e fuga. Utilizou-se uma amostra de crianças inscritas no serviço de consulta externa de saúde mental infantil e juvenil, e verificou-se se as queixas de perturbação do comportamento com agressividade, formuladas no momento do acolhimento ao serviço, estão relacionadas com o Índice de Apgar ≤ 9 ao primeiro minuto e/ou com os registos de sofrimento fetal. Procurou-se, numa amostra aleatória de crianças sem queixa formulada no serviço de consulta externa de saúde mental infantil e juvenil, perceber as diferenças ou semelhanças dos registos de nascimento relativamente à amostra de crianças inscritas. Foi ainda auscultada a opinião dos profissionais dos serviços de obstetrícia e neonatologia – pediatria, mediante a aplicação de um questionário, no sentido de recolher as opiniões dos profissionais de saúde que lidam com o parto, que avaliam o Índice de Apgar dos recém – nascidos e que os seguem durante as primeiras horas ou dias de vida. Das conclusões a que chegamos, salienta-se que o sofrimento fetal intraparto pode ser predictor de dificuldades de controlo emocional traduzidas em alterações do comportamento com agressividade em situações de stress. Não se conclui que o Índice de Apgar ≤ 9 pode ser predictor de alterações do comportamento com agressividade em situações de stress, uma vez que os registos de ocorrências de sofrimento fetal intraparto e os registos do Índice de Apgar ao primeiro minuto são, na amostra de crianças com queixa, díspares, relacionando-se no entanto de modo estatisticamente significativo na amostra de crianças sem queixa. III No entanto, e apesar das dificuldades metodológicas, fica a certeza de haver mais percursos a percorrer nesta direcção para a compreensão dos distúrbios emocionais e a agressividade.Aggressiveness is a behavioral trait which comes across as a complaint by itself or together with other symptoms in most children, with or without disease, who seek support in child mental health services. Among those children and from the collection of histories given, it has been possible to check the constancy of the ≤ 9 Apgar in the first minute, recorded in the Book of the Baby. This exploratory study sought to examine the theoretical hypothesis that the Apgar score less than 10 in the first minute may be representative of intrapartum or perinatal fetal distress and thus weaken the neural circuitry of emotion resulting in the emergence along the child and youth development process difficulties in the ability to manage or control of emotions with oppositional and/or aggressive behaviors as a defensive response of fight or flight. It was used a sample of children enrolled in the outpatient service for child and youth mental health and found that complaints of disturbance of conduct with aggressiveness made at the time of the reception service are related to the Apgar score at first minute and or with records of fetal distress. A random sample of children without complaint in the service of external consultation was investigated in order to understand the differences or similarities of birth records for the sample of children enrolled. The views of neonatology, obstetrics and pediatrics services professionals were also requested by applying a questionnaire to collect the opinions of health experts who deal with childbirth, assess the Apgar score of newborns and follow them during the first hours or days of life. Of the conclusions reached should be noted that the intrapartum fetal distress may be predictor of difficulties in emotional control translated into behavioral changes in aggressiveness under stress. It wasn´t possible to conclude that the Apgar score ≤ 9 may be predictor of behavioral changes with aggressiveness under stress since the records of occurrences of intrapartum fetal distress and records of Apgar score in the first minute are very disparate in the sample of children with complaints. IV However, despite the methodological difficulties is to make sure there are more paths to go in this direction for the understanding of emotional disorders and aggressiveness

O que dizem e o que querem saber sobre sexualidade alunos/as dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental???

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Digital postcompensation using volterra series transfer function

We propose a noniterative digital backward propagation technique, based on an inverse modified Volterra series transfer function to postcompensate transmission linear and nonlinear impairments in the presence of optical noise. Using a single-channel 40-Gb/s nonreturn-to-zero quadrature phase-shift-keying optical signal propagated over 20 x 80 km of standard single-mode fiber, and performing digital postcompensation around the Nyquist rate, our compensation algorithm is able to surpass the maximum accuracy obtained with a symmetric split-step Fourier method, enabling us to increase the nonlinear tolerance by approximately 2 dB

Ronald D. Laing: a política da psicopatologia

Pretende-se neste artigo fornecer uma perspectiva sistematizada e abrangente da obra de Ronald D. Laing (1927-1989), com acento tónico no seu contributo para a psicopatologia. É apresentada a perspectiva de Laing sobre a psicopatologia clássica e a sua proposta para uma psicopatologia segundo um critério ontológico, de tipo fenomenológico-existencial. Expõe-se a evolução do pensamento de Laing sobre a psicose, referindo-se os conceitos de segurança e insegurança ontológica; sistema de falso Self; três tipos de ansiedade presentes na perturbação esquizofrénica; desenvolvimento “good-bad-mad”; mistificação; psicose como forma de suportar uma situação insustentável; psicose como experiência transcendental e de viagem ao mundo interior; inteligibilidade de sintomas no seio do grupo de pertença. Por fim, identificam-se críticas efectuadas à obra de Laing, e destacam-se alguns aspectos da sua actualidad

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells and associated events in urethane-induced lung cancer

OBJECTIVES: Myeloid-derived suppressor cells contribute to the immunosuppressive microenvironment during tumor development and limit the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. Identifying myeloid-derived suppressor cells and associated factors is the first step in creating strategies to reverse the suppressive effects of these cells on the immune system. METHODS: To induce lung cancer, we administered 2 doses of urethane to BALB/c mice and observed these animals for 120 days. After this period, we evaluated the percentage of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in the blood, lung and bone marrow. The expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin, transforming growth factor-β, Toll-like receptor 2, Toll-like receptor 4, and interleukin-6 was also determined in the lung tissue. RESULTS: Myeloid-derived suppressor cells were increased in all evaluated tissues after lung cancer development in association with increased Toll-like receptor 4 expression and decreased interleukin-6 expression in the lung. We observed alpha-smooth muscle actin and transforming growth factor-β expression in lung nodules. CONCLUSIONS: We believe that the early diagnosis of cancer through determining the blood levels of myeloid-derived suppressor cells followed by the depletion of these cells should be further investigated as a possible approach for cancer treatment.Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESPConselho Nacional de Pesquisa (CNPq)Federal University of São Paulo Immunology DivisionFederal University of São Paulo Pathology DivisionFederal University of São Paulo Psychobiology DivisionFederal University of São Paulo Physiology DivisionUNIFESP, Immunology DivisionUNIFESP, Pathology DivisionUNIFESP, Psychobiology DivisionUNIFESP, Physiology DivisionSciEL

Experimental Demonstration of a Frequency-Domain Volterra Series Nonlinear Equalizer in Polarization-Multiplexed Transmission

Experimental demonstration of a dual-polarization Volterra series nonlinear equalizer applied in frequency-domain is carried out for 100G polarization-multiplexed QPSK test signals. We were able to reduce the BER by a factor of ~2.5x relatively to the single-polarization approach, with a 1 dB increase in the optimum power

Real-Time Demonstration of Low-Complexity Time-Domain Chromatic Dispersion Equalization

We demonstrate real-time CD equalization (CDE) for coherent optical transmission systems using a low complexity time-domain (TD) multiplierless finite-impulse response (FIR)-based equalizer, based on a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) implementation. The real-time operation is performed for a single-channel 2.5 Gb/s QPSK optical signal with a performance penalty of only 0.15 dB with respect to the maximum performance. The hardware complexity is also evaluated in terms of occupation in a Virtex-6 FPGA-XC6VLX240T, revealing the high efficiency of the proposed CDE algorithm

National Food, Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey of the Portuguese general population

The National Food, Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey of the Portuguese general population aimed to collect nationwide and regional data on dietary intake and physical activity, and their relation with health determinants, namely socioeconomic factors. Results from this project were obtained from a representative sample of the Portuguese population, aged between three months to 84 years of age, selected from the National Heath Registry, by multistage sampling (a sample size of 5068 individuals was estimated and 5811 participants with two dietary assessments were achieved). To accomplish the EFSA requirements, a minimum, of 260 individuals in each age group (130 by sex) was planned. Two face-to-face interviews were conducted at a health care centre or participant’s home. Dietary intake was obtained by two non-consecutive days of food diaries for children (<10 years old) and two non-consecutive 24-hours recalls for the older age groups, with a time interval between 8 and 15 days, complemented with a Food Propensity Questionnaire. An electronic platform based on a client-server architecture was used to manage the field work and to assist the data collection. The Electronic Assessment Tool for 24-hours recall (eAT24) allowed the collection of dietary data by an Automated Multiple-Pass Method for 24-hours. This interview-based dietary assessment instrument allowed obtaining a very detailed description and quantification of foods, recipes, and food supplements consumed in the course of the preceding day, and it had several adaptations, described in detail in this report. The survey outcomes support solid evidence-based information covering all age groups of the population, using harmonized methodologies at the European level, and will contribute to develop a national infrastructure for monitoring progress of specific targets supporting national and European policies and future interventions on diet, physical activity and food safety.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Adaptive probabilistic shaped modulation for high-capacity free-space optical links

Infrared free-space optics (FSO) provide an attractive solution for ultra-high-capacity wireless communications. However, the full potential of FSO is still being hindered by the apparent random fluctuations on the received optical power, which can be triggered by external factors such as atmospheric turbulence, weather instability, and pointing errors. Through the analysis of long-term experimental measurements, we identify the existence of significant time-domain memory in outdoor FSO links, which is found to be particularly strong under rainy weather conditions. Following this observation, we demonstrate that these memory effects can be effectively utilized to design accurate FSO channel estimation algorithms. Taking advantage of the arbitrary bit-rate granularity provided by probabilistic constellation shaping (PCS), and resorting to a simple moving average channel estimator, we demonstrate 400G+ transmission over a seamless fiber-FSO 55-m link with enhanced resilience towards adverse weather conditions. Comparing with unsupervised fixed modulation, we demonstrate a significant increase in average bit-rate (>35 Gbps) after continuous measurement over 3 hours, including raining periods

Performance and serum parameters of growing pigs fed semi-purified glycerin

Background: the use of semi-purified glycerin in pig diets has been studied as an alternative energy source. Objective: to evaluate growth performance and serum levels of glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, and urea in pigs fed diets containing semi-purified glycerin during the growth phase. Methods: forty barrows with an initial weight of 27.30 ± 1.74 Kg, distributed in a randomized complete block design with four treatments and five replicates were used. The dietary treatments were a combination of corn and soybean meal diets with the addition of 0, 5, 10 or 15% semi-purified glycerin. The experimental period lasted 27 days and was divided into two periods. Results: during Period 1, pig performance did not differ with the inclusion of semi-purified glycerin in the diet. In Period 2, an improvement in average daily weight gain was observed. In the total period, an improvement was observed in the average daily weight gain, feed/gain ratio and final weight of the animals. However, serum parameters were not affected by the inclusion of semi-purified glycerin in the diets. Conclusion: the addition of up to 15% semi-purified glycerin to the diet of growing pigs improves growth performance without affecting serum parameters