Primary vesicoureteral reflux: conservative therapy or surgical intervention

Introduction:The relationship between urinary tract infections and primary vesicoureteral reflux may lead to permanent renal damage. In the literature an increasing number of spontaneous cure of vesicoureteral reflux in children and the significant decrease in surgical therapy has been observed.Objective:To study the evolution of primary vesicoureteral reflux associated with recurring urinary tract infections settings in patients of the Pediatric Nephrology department of our institution, evaluating cases in which cure was achieved through conservative therapy only and those in which surgical intervention was required.Methods: We analyzed records and collected data refers to parameters: sex, age upon the diagnosis of primary urinary infection, age upon diagnosis of vesicoureteral reflux, number of urinary tract infections, vesicoureteral reflux grade; renal function, renal scaring, other malformation of urinary tract, and surgical or conservative intervention. Statistical analysis was descriptive and conducted with the SPSS program.Results:Within the subgroup of patients with grade IV and V, 63.6% of the cases evolved to surgical intervention and 36.4% to conservative intervention. In those with grades I, II, and III, 38.5% evolved to surgical treatment against 61.5% for conservative approach. Among those with bilateral vesicoureteral reflux, 72.7% had to undergo surgical intervention. No relationship was observed between the vesicoureteral reflux grade and the presence of renal scaring.Conclusion: Patients with low grade vesicoureteral reflux and recurring urinary tract infections tend to experience spontaneous reflux resolution with good renal evolution in the long term in a way that surgical intervention becomes limited to high grade reflux or when followed by other clinical issues.Introdução:A associação entre refluxo vesicoureteral primário e infecções do trato urinário pode acarretar em dano renal permanente. Há, na literatura, a tendência de cura espontânea deste refluxo em crianças e marcante declínio na indicação do tratamento cirúrgico.Objetivo:Estudar a evolução dos refluxos vesicoureterais primários associados a quadros de infecções urinárias de repetição, em pacientes do serviço de Nefrologia Pediátrica da nossa instituição, avaliando os casos nos quais houve cura mediante tratamento conservador apenas, e aqueles nos quais foi necessária a intervenção cirúrgica.Métodos:Analisamos os prontuários dos pacientes com infecções urinárias de repetição associadas ao diagnóstico de refluxo vesicoureteral primário. Os dados coletados diziam respeito aos parâmetros: sexo, idade do diagnóstico da primeira infecção urinária, idade do diagnóstico de RVU, número de infecções urinárias, grau de refluxo, resultado da urocultura, função renal, cicatrizes renais, outras malformações do trato urinário e intervenção cirúrgica ou conservadora. A Análise estatística foi descritiva e realizada com o programa SPSS.Resultados:Dentro do subgrupo de pacientes com graus IV e V, notou-se 63,6% dos casos evoluindo para intervenção cirúrgica e 36,4%, para resolução por intervenção conservadora. Naqueles com graus I, II e III, 38,5% evoluíram para tratamento cirúrgico, contra 61,5%, para resolução por conduta conservadora. Dentre os pacientes com presença de refluxo vesicoureteral bilateralmente,72,7% tiveram evolução cirúrgica. Não se observou relação entre o grau de refluxo e a presença de cicatrizes renais.Conclusão:Pacientes com refluxo vesicoureteral de baixo grau e infecções urinárias de repetição tendem à resolução espontânea do refluxo, com boa evolução renal a longo prazo, de forma que a indicação cirúrgica fica reservada aos refluxos de alto grau ou com outras complicações clínicas.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Escola Paulista de MedicinaUNIFESP, EPMSciEL

Fatores de risco para câncer de colo do útero segundo resultados de IVA, citologia e cervicografia

Este estudo objetivou avaliar a associação entre fatores de risco para câncer de colo do útero e lesões cervicais por HPV comparando-se os resultados da inspeção visual com o ácido acético (IVA), a citologia e a cervicografia. Realizou-se pesquisa de prevalência com 157 mulheres de um centro de saúde de Fortaleza, no período de junho a setembro de 2006. Utilizou-se o SPSS para codificar os dados. Realizaram-se inferências por meio de testes estatísticos (χ2= quiquadrado e RV= razão de verossimilhança). IVA, cervicografia e citologia obtiveram 43,3%, 10,19% e 3,2% de resultados alterados, respectivamente. As variáveis com importante associação às lesões cervicais na IVA foram: idade menor de 20 anos (p= 0,0001); um ou mais parceiros nos últimos três meses (p= 0,015); uso de contraceptivos (p= 0,0008); presença de corrimento vaginal (p= 0,0001); e processo inflamatório moderado ou acentuado (p= 0,0001). Na citologia: baixa escolaridade (p= 0,0001) e elevado pH (p= 0,001). Não se encontrou associação significante na cervicografia.Este estudio objetivó evaluar la asociación entre factores de riesgo para cáncer de cuello de útero y lesiones cervicales por HPV, según comparación entre los resultados de la inspección visual con ácido acético (IVA), citología y cervicografía. Se realizó investigación de prevalencia, con 157 mujeres en un centro de salud de Fortaleza-CE-Brasil, en el período de junio a setiembre de 2006. Se utilizó el SPSS para codificar los datos. Se realizaron inferencias a través de tests estadísticos (χ2 = Qui-cuadrado y RV= razón de verosimilitud). La IVA, cervicografía y citología obtuvieron 43,3%, 10,19% y 3,2% de resultados alterados. Las variables con importante asociación a lesiones cervicales en la IVA fueron: edad menor a 20 años (p=0,0001), uno o más parejas en los últimos tres meses (p=0,015), uso de anti-conceptivos (p=0,0008), presencia de vaginitis (p=0,0001) y pH elevado (p=0,001). No se encontró asociación significativa en la cervicografía.This study aimed to evaluate the association between risk factors for uterine cervical neoplasms and cervical lesions by HPV by comparison of the visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA), cytology and cervicography results. A prevalence research was made with 157 women in a health center of Fortaleza in the period of June to September 2006. The SPSS program was used to codify the data. Inferences were made through statistical tests (χ2= chi square and LR= likelihood ratio). The VIA, cervicography and cytology obtained 43.3%, 10.19% and 3.2% of altered results. The variables with important association to cervical lesions in the VIA were: aged less than 20 years old (p= 0.0001); one or more partners in the last three months (p= 0.015); use of contraceptives (p = 0.0008); presence of vaginal discharge (p= 0.0001) and moderate or accentuated inflammatory process (p= 0.0001). In the cytology: low instructional level (p= 0.0001) and high pH (p= 0.001). It wasn't found any significant association in the cervicography

A IDEAÇÃO SUICIDA E A SÍNDROME DE BURNOUT EM MÉDICOS RESIDENTES – UMA REVISÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA

INTRODUCTION: Burnout Syndrome is composed of a triad characterized by emotional exhaustion, affective distance (depersonalization) and reduced professional fulfillment. Suicidal ideation is generally portrayed as a fleeting thought of meaninglessness in life, which can extend to a strong concern about why one is alive or about the conception of acts that lead to the end of life. OBJECTIVES: To understand the factors related to the presence of suicidal ideation and Burnout syndrome in residency programs and collaborate with studies and understandings about the mechanisms of treatment and prevention of suicidal ideation and Burnout Syndrome in the training of medical residents. METHODS: Literature review based on the selection of articles and journals, published in English and Portuguese, between 2001 and 2021, in online platforms such as SciELO, PubMed, Medline and DeCS. DISCUSSION: Despite the positive correlation, there is no theoretical basis to conclude that suicidal ideation is a likely outcome of Burnout Syndrome or whether the associated high prevalence of psychiatric disorders such as depression is a precipitating factor in the onset of symptoms of suicidal ideation. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of Burnout in resident physicians is higher than in the general population. Suicidal ideation, despite its lower prevalence, was even more evident in individuals previously diagnosed with Burnout Syndrome. Some practices that help to reduce these illnesses are to provide residents with experiences of voluntary care, preventive actions in public health, primary care and, in addition to offering opportunities to teach classes and lectures for students in the health area, which helps to escape of the stressful environment.INTRODUÇÃO: A Síndrome de Burnout é composta por uma tríade caracterizada por exaustão emocional, distanciamento afetivo (despersonalização) e reduzida realização profissional. A ideação suicida é retratada de forma geral como um pensamento fugaz de falta de sentido na vida, podendo estender-se até uma forte inquietação quanto ao porquê de estar vivo ou a concepção de atos que levem ao fim da vida. OBJETIVOS: Compreender os fatores relacionados à presença de ideação suicida e síndrome de Burnout em programas de residência médica e colaborar com os estudos e entendimentos acerca dos mecanismos de tratamento e prevenção da ideação suicida e da Síndrome de Burnout na formação dos médicos residentes. MÉTODOS: Revisão bibliográfica realizada a partir da seleção de artigos e periódicos, publicados em Inglês e Português, entre 2001 a 2021, em plataformas online como SciELO, PubMed, Medline e DeCS. DISCUSSÃO: Apesar da correlação positiva, não há substrato teórico para concluir que a ideação suicida é desfecho provável da Síndrome de Burnout ou se a alta prevalência associada de transtornos psiquiátricos como a depressão é fator precipitante no aparecimento dos sintomas da ideação suicida. CONCLUSÃO: A prevalência de Burnout em médicos residentes é maior que na população em geral. A ideação suicida, apesar da menor prevalência, foi ainda mais evidente em indivíduos previamente diagnosticados com a Síndrome de Burnout. Algumas práticas que ajudam na redução dessas enfermidades são propiciar aos residentes experiências de atendimento voluntário, ações de prevenção em saúde pública, atendimentos na atenção primária e além de oferecer oportunidades de ministrar aulas e palestras para estudantes da área da saúde, o que auxilia na fuga do ambiente de estresse

Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil: setting the baseline knowledge on the animal diversity in Brazil

The limited temporal completeness and taxonomic accuracy of species lists, made available in a traditional manner in scientific publications, has always represented a problem. These lists are invariably limited to a few taxonomic groups and do not represent up-to-date knowledge of all species and classifications. In this context, the Brazilian megadiverse fauna is no exception, and the Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil (CTFB) (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/), made public in 2015, represents a database on biodiversity anchored on a list of valid and expertly recognized scientific names of animals in Brazil. The CTFB is updated in near real time by a team of more than 800 specialists. By January 1, 2024, the CTFB compiled 133,691 nominal species, with 125,138 that were considered valid. Most of the valid species were arthropods (82.3%, with more than 102,000 species) and chordates (7.69%, with over 11,000 species). These taxa were followed by a cluster composed of Mollusca (3,567 species), Platyhelminthes (2,292 species), Annelida (1,833 species), and Nematoda (1,447 species). All remaining groups had less than 1,000 species reported in Brazil, with Cnidaria (831 species), Porifera (628 species), Rotifera (606 species), and Bryozoa (520 species) representing those with more than 500 species. Analysis of the CTFB database can facilitate and direct efforts towards the discovery of new species in Brazil, but it is also fundamental in providing the best available list of valid nominal species to users, including those in science, health, conservation efforts, and any initiative involving animals. The importance of the CTFB is evidenced by the elevated number of citations in the scientific literature in diverse areas of biology, law, anthropology, education, forensic science, and veterinary science, among others

Seminário de Dissertação (2024)

Página da disciplina de Seminário de Dissertação (MPPP, UFPE, 2022) Lista de participantes == https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1mrULe1y04yPxHUBaF50jhaM1OY8QYJ3zva4N4yvm198/edit#gid=

Professores e Alunos: o engendramento da violência da escola

The school violence engendering is partially analyzed, considering the violence production in the school environment. This is a bibliographic research with quantitative and qualitative approach. Sources: 77 theses and 15 dissertations carried out in Brazil (2007 to 2012). Data collection and organization: Content Analysis. Main reference: Bernard Charlot and Pierre Bourdieu. Results: the sources showed that Brazilian teachers participate effectively in the school violence engendering, contributing to violence production in the school environment. The students are the main victims. The teacher is less affected by physical and verbal violence. The symbolic power is the most perpetrated by the teacher against the student. The school also plays a major role in it.Analisa-se o engendramento de uma face da violência da escola, tendo em vista a produção da violência em espaço escolar. Pesquisa bibliográfica quanti-qualitativa. Fontes: 77 dissertações e 15 teses produzidas no Brasil (2007 a 2012). Coleta e organização dos dados: Análise de Conteúdo. Fundamentação base: Bernard Charlot e Pierre Bourdieu. Resultados: as fontes apontaram que professores brasileiros são protagonistas na constituição da violência da escola, contribuindo para a produção da violência em espaço escolar. Os alunos são as principais vítimas dessa violência. O professor sofre menos violência física e verbal do que o aluno. A violência simbólica é a mais usada pelo professor contra o aluno. A escola também usa desse expediente

NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES: A dataset of occurrence and abundance of freshwater fishes in the Neotropics

The Neotropical region hosts 4225 freshwater fish species, ranking first among the world's most diverse regions for freshwater fishes. Our NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set is the first to produce a large-scale Neotropical freshwater fish inventory, covering the entire Neotropical region from Mexico and the Caribbean in the north to the southern limits in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. We compiled 185,787 distribution records, with unique georeferenced coordinates, for the 4225 species, represented by occurrence and abundance data. The number of species for the most numerous orders are as follows: Characiformes (1289), Siluriformes (1384), Cichliformes (354), Cyprinodontiformes (245), and Gymnotiformes (135). The most recorded species was the characid Astyanax fasciatus (4696 records). We registered 116,802 distribution records for native species, compared to 1802 distribution records for nonnative species. The main aim of the NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set was to make these occurrence and abundance data accessible for international researchers to develop ecological and macroecological studies, from local to regional scales, with focal fish species, families, or orders. We anticipate that the NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set will be valuable for studies on a wide range of ecological processes, such as trophic cascades, fishery pressure, the effects of habitat loss and fragmentation, and the impacts of species invasion and climate change. There are no copyright restrictions on the data, and please cite this data paper when using the data in publications

Neotropical freshwater fisheries : A dataset of occurrence and abundance of freshwater fishes in the Neotropics

The Neotropical region hosts 4225 freshwater fish species, ranking first among the world's most diverse regions for freshwater fishes. Our NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set is the first to produce a large-scale Neotropical freshwater fish inventory, covering the entire Neotropical region from Mexico and the Caribbean in the north to the southern limits in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. We compiled 185,787 distribution records, with unique georeferenced coordinates, for the 4225 species, represented by occurrence and abundance data. The number of species for the most numerous orders are as follows: Characiformes (1289), Siluriformes (1384), Cichliformes (354), Cyprinodontiformes (245), and Gymnotiformes (135). The most recorded species was the characid Astyanax fasciatus (4696 records). We registered 116,802 distribution records for native species, compared to 1802 distribution records for nonnative species. The main aim of the NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set was to make these occurrence and abundance data accessible for international researchers to develop ecological and macroecological studies, from local to regional scales, with focal fish species, families, or orders. We anticipate that the NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set will be valuable for studies on a wide range of ecological processes, such as trophic cascades, fishery pressure, the effects of habitat loss and fragmentation, and the impacts of species invasion and climate change. There are no copyright restrictions on the data, and please cite this data paper when using the data in publications