Eestlased laias maailmas katastroofiohvreid abistamas

Eesti Arst 2015; 94(6):379–38

AKE inhibiitorite toime erütrotsüütide rauast tingitud deformatsiooni muutustele

Töös uuriti, kas AKE inhibiitorid kaptopriil, ramipriil ja fosinopriil on võimelised terapeutilistes kontsentratsioonides in vitro ära hoidma raud-initsieeritud erütrotsüütide deformatsiooni vähenemist. Kuna ramipriil ja fosinopriil muudetakse organismis aktiivvormideks, uuriti nende puhul aktiivvorme ehk ramiprilaati ja fosinoprilaati. Erütrotsüütide deformeeritavust hinnati kromatograafilise migratsiooni kaudu, määrates seda enne ja pärast ravimiga eeltöötlust. Leiti, et raua poolt põhjustatud erütrotsüütide deformatsiooni vähenemist takistasid kõik uuritavad ained ja seda juba terapeutilistes kontsentratsioonides. Erinevate AKE inhibiitorite toime efektiivsus oli samal ajal sõltuv rauakontsentratsioonist

Transcending ‘Cold Intimacies’ in Veiko Õunpuu’s Works

This article examines five films by Veiko Õunpuu, Estonian’s most renowned contemporary director – Empty (Tühirand, Estonia, 2006), Autumn Ball (Sügisball, Estonia, 2007), Temptations of St Tony (Püha Tõnu kiusamine, Estonia/Finland/Sweden, 2009), Free Range: Ballad on Approving of the World (Free Range: ballaad maailma heakskiitmisest, Estonia, 2013) and Roukli (Estonia, 2015), focusing on his representations of neoliberalism and especially its effect on emotional and intimate lives of the characters. We argue that the characters of his films typically reject the conventional romantic life promoted by neoliberal discourses, including Hollywood cinema, yet this does not make them happy, but disoriented and restless. The repudiation of ‘emotional capitalism’ pertains also to the way Õunpuu’s films are conceived and executed. Most importantlyhe resists the conventions of Hollywood cinema, including a classical script and happy ending, as well as setting and shooting them in peripheral places. Our main theoretical framework is the concept of ‘emotional capitalism’ as elaborated by Eva Illouz

Randme posttraumaatiline artroos

Randmeliigese osteoartrootiliste muutuste peamiseks põhjuseks on trauma. Sagedasemad traumad, mille järel võib tekkida randmeliigese artroos, on lodiluu murru väärkokkukasve ja ebaliiges, randmeluude nihestused ning sidemete vigastused. Peamine põhjus, miks patsiendid traumajärgse osteoartroosiga abi otsivad, on valu, mis põhjustab käefunktsiooni häireid ning segab igapäevatööd. Lodiluu väärkokkukasve, ebaliigese ja randmeluude sidemete vigastuste korral tekivad randmeliigeses biomehaanika muutused, mis põhjustavad hälbe koormuse jaotumises ja viivad kõhre kulumiseni. Lodiluu ja kuuluu vahelise sideme katkemise järel kulgevat randmeliigese progresseeruvat artroosi nimetatakse lodiluu-kuuluu kollapsiks (scaphoid-lunate advanced collapse – SLAC) ja lodiluu ebaliigese järel tekkivate muutuste tagajärjel kujunevat artroosi nimetatakse lodiluu ebaliigese kollapsiks (scaphoid nonunion advanced collapse – SNAC). Esmaseks raviks on konservatiivne sümptomaatiline ravi, ja kui see on tulemuseta, siis on võimalik kirurgiline ravi. Randme proksimaalse rea luude eemaldamine ning randme osaline või täielik artrodees on enam kasutatud operatsioonid randme traumajärgsetest muutustest tingitud sümptomaatilise artroosi raviks. Ühtegi kirurgilist ravimeetodit ei saa pidada teistest absoluutselt paremaks ega halvemaks. Kirurgilise meetodi valikul tuleb arvestada radioloogilist leidu, patsiendi vanust, füüsilist aktiivsust, sh töö iseloomu ja ka patsiendi ootusi. Eesti Arst 2018; 97(5):247–252 &nbsp

Distinguishing between anticipatory and responsive plasticity in a seasonally polyphenic butterfly

Seasonal generations of short-lived organisms often differ in their morphological, behavioural and life history traits, including body size. These differences may be either due to immediate effects of seasonally variable environment on organisms (responsive plasticity) or rely on presumably adaptive responses of organisms to cues signalizing forthcoming seasonal changes (anticipatory plasticity). When directly developing individuals of insects are larger than their overwintering conspecifics, the between-generation differences are typically ascribed to responsive plasticity in larval growth. We tested this hypothesis using the papilionid butterly Iphiclides podalirius as a model species. In laboratory experiments, we demonstrated that seasonal differences in food quality could not explain the observed size difference. Similarly, the size differences are not likely to be explained by the immediate effects of ambient temperature and photoperiod on larval growth. The qualitative pattern of natural size differences between the directly developing and diapausing butterflies could be reproduced in the laboratory as a response to photoperiod, indicating anticipatory character of the response. Directly developing and diapausing individuals followed an identical growth trajectory until the end of the last larval instar, with size differences appearing just a few days before pupation. Taken together, various lines of evidence suggest that between-generation size differences in I. podalirius are not caused by immediate effects of environmental factors on larval growth. Instead, these differences rather represent anticipatory plasticity and are thus likely to have an adaptive explanation. It remains currently unclear, whether the seasonal differences in adult size per se are adaptive, or if they constitute co-product of processes related to the diapause. Our study shows that it may be feasible to distinguish between different types of plasticity on the basis of empirical data even if fitness cannot be directly measured, and contributes to the emerging view about the predominantly adaptive nature of seasonal polyphenisms in insect

Sclerosis multiplex ja rasedus

Sclerosis multiplex on enamasti noores täiskasvanueas algav närvihaigus, mis tabab naisi kaks korda sagedamini kui mehi. Kuigi selle haiguse korral ei ole rasedus vastunäidustatud, on teada, et väljendunud liikumispuudega patsiendid rasestuvad ja sünnitavad harva. Sageli on siin probleemiks, kuidas rasedus mõjutab sclerosis multiplex’i kulgu ja millised on ohud raseduse ajal ja sünnitusejärgsel perioodil. Artiklis on analüüsitud erinevatest aspektidest sclerosis multiplex’i ja raseduse koosmõju ning toodud näitena väljendunud füüsilise puudega patsiendi haigusjuht. Eesti Arst 2002; 81 (12): 812–81

Organizational approaches to the forming of strategic partnership of enterprises of region

Систематизовано організаційні підходи до формування стратегічного партнерства підприємств, що існують у вітчизняній та зарубіжній науковій літературі. Виділено цільовий, або проблемно-орієнтовний, підхід, первинним етапом якого є встановлення стратегічних цілей; ресурсно-компетенційний підхід, який засновано на визначенні наявних ресурсів та компетенцій підприємств – потенційних партнерів, та проектний підхід, згідно з яким формування стратегічного партнерства підприємств пов’язано з реалізацією сукупності проектів. Обґрунтовано функціональний, або структурний, підхід, що передбачає включення у партнерство підприємств тих галузей, які є ключовими та які визначають спеціалізацію регіону. Використання запропонованого підходу забезпечить комплексний соціально-економічний розвиток господарства регіону.Organizational approaches to forming of strategic partnership of enterprises which exist in domestic and foreign scientific literature are systematized. Target, or problem-orientated, approach the primary stage of which is establishment of strategic aims; resource-competent approach which is based on determination of present resources and jurisdictions of enterprises – potential partners, and project approach, according to which the forming of strategic partnership of enterprises is related with the realization of complex of projects are selected. Functional, or structural, approach, which foresees plugging in partnership of enterprises of those industries which are key and which determine specialization of region is grounded. Offered approach has the followings stages: determination of regional type and basic industries of industrial production, successful development of which will become the key factor of regional economic development; formulation of strategic aims of enterprises of priority industries according to norms and normative correlations, set the most perfect technologies, by organization of production on the whole and separate subsystems of enterprises which are utilized in the proper industries in Ukraine and world; estimation by the enterprises of present and necessary resources and jurisdictions, determination of potential partners after the criterion of presence of necessary resources and jurisdictions and choice of enterprises – potential partners, clarification of strategic and operative aims of strategic partnership that formalize the relations of enterprises-partners. The use of this approach will provide complex socio-economic development of economy of region

Direct and indirect effects in host-parasitoid interactions: ecological and evolutionary consequences

http://www.ester.ee/record=b4337106~S1*es

Whole exome sequencing of benign pulmonary metastasizing leiomyoma reveals mutation in the BMP8B gene

Background: Benign metastasizing leiomyoma (BML) is an orphan neoplasm commonly characterized by pulmonary metastases consisting of smooth muscle cells. Patients with BML have usually a current or previous uterine leiomyoma, which is therefore suggested to be the most probable source of this tumour. The purpose of this case report was to determine the possible genetic grounds for pulmonary BML. Case presentation: We present a case report in an asymptomatic 44-year-old female patient, who has developed uterine leiomyoma with subsequent pulmonary BML. Whole exome sequencing (WES) was used to detect somatic mutations in BML lesion. Somatic single nucleotide mutations were identified by comparing the WES data between the pulmonary metastasis and blood sample of the same BML patient. One heterozygous somatic mutation was selected for validation by Sanger sequencing. Clonality of the pulmonary metastasis and uterine leiomyoma was assessed by X-chromosome inactivation assay. Conclusions: We describe a potentially deleterious somatic heterozygous mutation in bone morphogenetic protein 8B (BMP8B) gene (c.1139A > G, Tyr380Cys) that was identified in the pulmonary metastasis and was absent from blood and uterine leiomyoma, and may play a facilitating role in the metastasizing of BML. The clonality assay confirmed a skewed pattern of X-chromosome inactivation, suggesting monoclonal origin of the pulmonary metastases.Peer reviewe