Hodgkin lymphoma in people living with hiv

Despite widespread use of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) and increased life expectancy in people living with HIV (PLWH), HIV-related lymphomas (HRL) remain a leading cause of cancer morbidity and mortality for PLWH, even in patients optimally treated with cART. While the incidence of aggressive forms of non-Hodgkin lymphoma decreased after the advent of cART, incidence of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) has increased among PLWH in recent decades. The coinfection of Epstein-Barr virus plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of HL in the HIV setting. Currently, PLWH with HRL, including HL, are treated similarly to HIV-negative patients and, importantly, the prognosis of HL in PLWH is approaching that of the general population. In this regard, effective cART during chemotherapy is strongly recommended since it has been shown to improve survival rates in all lymphoma subtypes, including HL. As a consequence, interdisciplinary collaboration between HIV specialists and hemato-oncologists for the management of potential drug-drug interactions and overlapping toxicities between antiretroviral and antineoplastic drugs is crucial for the optimal treatment of PLWH with HL. In this article the authors review and update the epidemiological, clinical and biological aspects of HL presenting in PLWH with special emphasis on advances in prognosis and the factors that have contributed to it

MAPEO DE LA DISTRIBUCIÓN ESPACIAL DE TRIPS (INSECTA: THYSANOPTERA) EN PARCELAS COMERCIALES DE AGUACATE VAR. HASS EN COATEPEC HARINAS ESTADO DE MÉXICO

SE ESTABLECIÓ LA DISTRIBUCIÓN ESPACIAL DE LOS TRIPS EN CULTIVO DE AGUACATE EN UNA LOCALIDAD DEL ESTADO DE MÉXICO.El presente estudio permitió conocer la distribución espacial de trips mediante mapas de densidad en tres parcelas comerciales de aguacate VarHass en Coatepec Harinas, Estado de México. Los resultados mostraron que para el periodo comprendido de julio a diciembre de 2015, la distribución espacial de trips se ajustó a modelos gaussianos en su totalidad con una superficie infestada que osciló entre el 90 y 100% mostrando undistribución espacial agregada; el efecto pepita obtenido para todos los muestreos corroboró la agregación de las poblaciones de trips y refiere umínimo error de muestreo para los doce muestreos realizados. Trabajos como este, en que se aplican métodos geoestadísticos, coadyuvan al conocimiento de los problemas fitosanitarios de los cultivos de importancia económica y a la aplicación de medidas de control (químico, biológicocultural o mecánico) dirigidas a zonas específicas de la parcela

Detection of transposons modifying genome background in probiotics

The study of probiotic microorganisms is very interesting in the aquaculture field. Administration of live microorganisms in adequate amounts confers some benefits to the host (Kechagia et al. 2013). Even if Shewanella putrafaciens include pathogens and saprophytic strains related to fish spoilage and fish infection (Esteve, Merchán, and Alcaide 2016). The Pdp11 strain of Shewanella putrefaciens has been proved to provide beneficial effects in Sparus aurata (Chabrillón et al. 2005) and Solea senegalensis (Rodrigáñez et al. 2008). Studies focused on Pdp11 could hed light on the origin of this probiotic character. We have designed a bioinformatic workflow to detect transposons in the newly sequenced Pdp11 genome (Tapia-Paniagua et al, in press). Their presence interrupting genes account for a contribution to its probiotic character due to the lost of virulence or the gain of probiotic effect. The workflow was developed in Ruby programming language and provides: the genomic localisation of known transposons, host coding regions disrupted by complete transposons or their repeated insertion sequences, and transposons and coding regions disrupted identifiers, to stablish the putative functions of Pdp11 that could be affect by the transposons disruption. These results would support new possible hypothesis about the Pdp11 probiotic character since 14 coding regions related to S. putrefaciens were disrupted by transposons, 4 of which are directly involved in pathogenic mechanisms. This work was supported by co-funding by the European Union through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) 2014-2020 "Programa Operativo de Crecimiento Inteligente" together with Spanish AEI "Agencia Estatal de Investigación" to grants RTA2013-00068-C03, AGL2017-83370-C3-3-R and RTA2017-00054-C03-03.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Using Lanthanides as Probes for Polyelectrolyte-Metal Ion Interactions. Hydration Changes on Binding of Trivalent Cations to Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TFM-4SWFNW8-1/1/aadd2972e76576ca7bf5c347abd5a68

Comanagement of small-scale fisheries and ecosystem services

Marine ecosystem services are in global decline, which requires new transformational changes in governance to cope with multiple anthropogenic stressors. We perform a systematic literature review of the biodiversity and ecosystem services outcomes of a governance transformation toward comanagement through the allocation of territorial user rights to artisanal fisher associations (TURFs) in Chile. We synthesize the implications of more than 25 years of establishing a TURF policy over ecosystem services. Results show TURFs sustain biodiversity and all typologies of ecosystem services when they are well enforced. Research on provisioning services is most prevalent, however cultural services have been gaining traction with studies assessing the role of leadership, sanctions, and social capital in determining TURF outcomes. The results suggest that TURFs can play an important role in creating social and ecological enabling conditions for local stewardship. While this is encouraging, there is a bias toward positive results and few studies address negative consequences of TURFs aimed at identifying constraints for further development. The review shows that there has been a continuous transition toward interdisciplinary social–ecological research. Research on TURFs faced with drivers of global change and uncertainty are urgently needed, in order to anticipate unintended outcomes and adapt accordingly

Are wealthier times healthier in cities? Economic fluctuations and mortality in urban areas of Latin America

Objective: To analyze the relationship between economic conditions and mortality in cities of Latin America. Methods: We analyzed data from 340 urban areas in ten countries: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Mexico, Panama, Peru, and El Salvador. We used panel models adjusted for space‐invariant and time‐invariant factors to examine whether changes in area gross domestic product (GDP) per capita were associated with changes in mortality. Results: We find procyclical oscillations in mortality (i.e., higher mortality with higher GDP per capita) for total mortality, female population, populations of 0-9 and 45+ years, mortality due to cardiovascular diseases, malignant neoplasms, diabetes mellitus, respiratory infections and road traffic injuries. Homicides appear countercyclical, with higher levels at lower GDP per capita. Conclusions: Our results reveal large heterogeneity, but in our sample of cities, for certain population groups and causes of death, mortality oscillates procyclically, increasing when GDP per capita increases. In contrast we find few instances of countercyclical mortality.Fil: Leveau, Carlos Marcelo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Lanus. Rectorado. Secretaria de Ciencia y Tecnica. Instituto de Economía, Producción y Trabajo.; ArgentinaFil: Tapia Granados, José Antonio. Drexel University; Estados UnidosFil: Dos Santos, Maria Izabel. Fundación Oswaldo Cruz; BrasilFil: Castillo Riquelme, Marianela. Universidad de Chile. Facultad de Medicina.; ChileFil: Alazraqui, Marcio. Universidad Nacional de Lanus. Secretaria de Investigacion y Posgrado. Instituto de Salud Colectiva.; Argentin

Comportamiento fisiológico de gramíneas forrajeras bajo tres niveles de humedad en condiciones de casa malla

The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of moisture level on the physiological behavior of different forage grasses. The experiment was conducted in screenhouse at the Center for Research Turipaná of Corpoica, (Cereté, Córdoba). Was used a design randomized complete block with 14 genotypes, and three (3) replications. Three moisture regimes were used in the manner of locations within the same screenhouse. Among the variables studied were: net photosynthesis, transpiration, stomatal conductance, leaf water potential, leaf dry mass, leaf area, among others. Only the variables leaf area and leaf water potential showed significant interactions between genotype and environment of moisture, while the other variables, were most affected by the main factors(p<0.05). Genotypes Bisset, Strikcland and Colosuana had an interaction for leaf area, showing the highest value at high and medium moisture. At low humidity, the 14 forage grasses had more negative leaf water potential. Low level moisture had the lowest values of stomatal conductance and transpiration and lower dry matter accumulation in all organs, mainly the leaves. BR02/1752 had the highest dry matter accumulation in leaves (32.67 gplant-1) followed by CIAT16051 (27.78 gplant-1). It is concluded that the physiological behavior of pastures is determined by genetic characteristics and moisture regime, not by their interaction.> <0.05). Genotypes Bisset, Strikcland and Colosuana had an interaction for leaf area, showing the highest value at high and medium moisture. At low humidity, the 14 forage grasses had more negative leaf water potential. Low level moisture had the lowest values of stomatal conductance and transpiration and lower dry matter accumulation in all organs, mainly the leaves. BR02/1752 had the highest dry matter accumulation in leaves (32.67 gplant-1) followed by CIAT16051 (27.78 gplant-1). It is concluded that the physiological behavior of pastures is determined by genetic characteristics and moisture regime, not by their interactionLa presente investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar el efecto del nivel de humedad sobre el comportamiento fisiológico de diferentes gramíneas forrajeras. El experimento se realizó bajo condiciones de casa de malla en el Centro de Investigación Turipaná de Corpoica, (Cereté, Córdoba). Se utilizó un diseño de bloques completos al azar con 14 genotipos y tres (3) repeticiones. Se utilizaron tres regímenes de humedad, a manera de localidades dentro de la misma casa de malla. Dentro de las variables en estudio se encontraron: fotosíntesis neta, transpiración, conductancia estomática, potencial hídrico foliar, masa seca de hoja, área foliar, entre otras. Sólo las variables área foliar y potencial hídrico foliar presentaron interacciones significativas entre los factores Genotipo y Ambiente de humedad, mientras que el resto de variables, generalmente fueron afectadas por los factores principales (p<0.05). Los genotipos Bisset, Colosuana y Strikcland generaron la interacción para área foliar al presentar valores altos en condiciones de alta y media humedad. En el nivel de humedad bajo, las 14 gramíneas forrajeras presentaron los potenciales hídricos foliares más negativos. En este nivel se obtuvieron también los menores valores de conductancia estomática y transpiración y las menores acumulaciones de materia seca en todos los órganos, principalmente las hojas. BR02/1752 presentó la mayor acumulación de materia seca en las hojas (32,67 g/planta-1), seguido de CIAT16051 (27,78 g/planta-1). Se concluye que el comportamiento fisiológico de las pasturas está determinado por las características genéticas y por el régimen de humedad implementado, y no por su interacción

Recovery of Polyphenols from Agri-Food By-Products: The Olive Oil and Winery Industries Cases

The production of olive oil and wine are two of the main agri-food economic activities in Southern Europe. They generate large amounts of solid and liquid wastes (e.g., olive pomace, olive mill wastewater, grape pomace, grape stems, wine lees, and wine processing wastewater) that represent a major environmental problem. Consequently, the management of these residues has become a big challenge for these industries, since they are harmful to the environment but rich in bioactive compounds, such as polyphenols. In recent years, the recovery of phenolic compounds has been proposed as a smart strategy for the valorization of these by-products, from a circular economy perspective. This review aims to provide a comprehensive description of the state of the art of techniques available for the analysis, extraction, and purification of polyphenols from the olive mill and winery residues. Thus, the integration and implementation of these techniques could provide a sustainable solution to the olive oil and winery sector

Telemedicine, Psychology and Diabetes: Evaluation of results and cost analysis

The Psychosocial Aspects of Diabetes (PSAD) Study Group is an official Study Group of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD).AIMS: Evidences of benefits of telemedicine in T1DM patients on continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) treatment are limited. Aims: 1) to analyse the differences in clinical and psychological variables between subjects with T1DM on CSII treatment who were included in a Telecare (TC) program, and subjects with T1DM on CSII treatment who received Conventional care (CC); 2) Perform a cost analysis of the use of telemedicine in DM1 patients treated with CSII (TC versus CC). METHODS and PARTICIPANTS: Cross-over randomized clinical trial with duration of 18 months. 51 patients signed informed consent. Participants were randomly assigned to receive TC program or CC during 6 months, and after a 3 months wash-out period, patients changed to CC or to TC respectively. TC program included monthly visits using an Internet platform. CC comprised face-to-face visits every three months. Sociodemographic, clinical and psychological data was measured at the beginning and at the end of TC and CC. The direct and indirect costs were also measured. T Student was performed to assess differences between first and last visits in both groups (TC / CC). RESULTS: Patients with telemedicine at the end of treatment, have fewer hyperglycemia / week, less distress and greater adherence. Considering both direct and indirect costs, the cost per treatment (TC / CC) is similar. CONCLUSIONS: Telemedicine has significant implications for clinical and psychological variables and has the same cost (total) than the conventional treatment. Therefore, it can be a useful alternative for treatment of DM1 patients with CSII. However, studies with a larger sample size are needed.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Recovery of added-value compounds from orange and spinach processing residues: green extraction of phenolic compounds and evaluation of antioxidant activity

Phenolic compounds recovery by mechanical stirring extraction (MSE) was studied from orange and spinach wastes using water as a solvent. The statistical analysis showed that the highest total polyphenol content (TPC) yield was obtained using 15 min, 70 °C, 1:100 (w/v) solid/solvent ratio and pH 4 for orange; and 5 min, 50 °C, 1:50 (w/v) solid/solvent ratio and pH 6 for spinach. Under these conditions, the TPC was 1 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE) g−1 fresh weight (fw) and 0.8 mg GAE g−1 fw for orange and spinach, respectively. MSE substantially increased the phenolic compounds yields (1-fold for orange and 2-fold for spinach) compared with ultrasound-assisted extraction. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity of orange and spinach extracts was evaluated using DPPH, FRAP and ABTS. The obtained results pointed out that the evaluated orange and spinach residues provided extracts with antioxidant activity (2.27 mg TE g−1 and 0.04 mg TE g−1, respectively)