Transversalidad de las técnicas de modelado matemático en Farmacia con la ayuda de una hoja de cálculo

The implementation of the EHEA in Pharmacy studies will lead to foster student self-learning. This way the student abilities to apply knowledge, learned in some subjects, to search knowledge in any other will be tested. Among such applicative knowledge, we can consider the mathematical modelling techniques, included in the field of Mathematics. This article draws attention to the usefulness of popular spreadsheets for Pharmacy students interested in the application of mathematical modelling techniques. Roughly speaking, a pharmacy student will probably have to perform mathematical calculations and experimental data visualizations, especially in the practice syllabus of some of his subjects. The use of software is important in this respect, not only in the learning step of the mathematical concepts in the corresponding math subject, but also in its application to other Pharmacy subjects. What application software can be chosen for the students? Although there are many candidates, a spreadsheet offers some capabilities that make it ideal for a Pharmacy student: short learning time, wide availability on different computer platforms and flexibility to carry out a variety of computational tasks. Finally, we present a Web page which provides self-learning material to Pharmacy students for harnessing the potential offered by the spreadsheets Excel (Microsoft Office) and Calc (OpenOffice.org) in the study of their subjects in Pharmacy.La implantación del EEES en las titulaciones en Farmacia va a significar la potenciación del autoaprendizaje por parte del alumno. Esto va a poner a prueba la capacidad de aplicar conocimientos adquiridos en unas materias, para entender y conocer otras. Entre dichos conocimientos, se encuentran las técnicas de modelado matemático, incluidas en el campo de las Matemáticas. El presente artículo reflexiona acerca de la utilidad de las populares hojas de cálculo como software dirigido al alumno. Un alumno de Farmacia, probablemente, tendrá que realizar cálculos matemáticos y representaciones gráficas con datos experimentales, muy especialmente en las prácticas de algunas de sus asignaturas. La utilización de un software es, en este sentido, especialmente importante, no sólo en la fase de aprendizaje de dichos conocimientos matemáticos en la correspondiente asignatura del título, sino a la hora de disponer de una herramienta que facilite su aplicación en otras. ¿Qué software podemos elegir para el alumno? A pesar de que existen multitud de candidatos, una hoja de cálculo reúne una serie de características que la hacen idónea para un alumno de Farmacia: corto tiempo de aprendizaje, amplia disponibilidad en distintas plataformas y flexibilidad para poder realizar una gran diversidad de tareas, entre otras propiedades. Finalmente, como ejemplo se presenta una página Web, http://www.ugr.es/~focana/farmaspreadsheet.htm, que facilita material para ayudar al alumno de Farmacia a aprovechar las posibilidades que ofrecen las hojas de cálculo Excel (Microsoft Office) y Calc (OpenOffice.org) en el estudio de sus asignaturas en Farmacia

Application of new information and communication methodologies (ICT) for laboratory teaching in applied physics and physical chemistry

En este artículo se presenta un trabajo de innovación en metodología docente que tiene como objetivo la mejora en el aprendizaje de las enseñanzas prácticas de laboratorio de la asignatura de Física Aplicada y Fisicoquímica de la Licenciatura de Farmacia de la Universidad de Granada. La enseñanza práctica de diversas asignaturas de esta facultad tradicionalmente se ha realizado con la colaboración de los “monitores de prácticas”, los cuales se encargan de ayudar a sus compañeros en la realización de las prácticas de laboratorio, estando siempre coordinados y supervisados por un profesor. Puesto que este sistema tiene sus carencias y limitaciones, con la metodología presentada en este trabajo se pretende que desaparezca la figura del monitor de prácticas persiguiendo al mismo tiempo que el alumno sea más receptivo y muestre mayor interés. La experiencia nos demuestra que resulta fundamental la visualización de la manipulación y las operaciones necesarias para la realización de una práctica. Las nuevas tecnologías audiovisuales de la información y la comunicación (TIC) ponen al servicio de la enseñanza herramientas muy didácticas que hacen más atractivo el aprendizaje. Con tal fin, se ha elaborado para la asignatura antes mencionada un vídeo de cada práctica en formato DVD, en los que, con objeto de guiar al alumno en el trabajo experimental, se muestra la manipulación del material y reactivos empleados en cada práctica, uso de la instrumentación específica, buenas prácticas en un laboratorio y adquisición y análisis de datos. El objetivo que se persigue es que el alumno realice la práctica simultáneamente al desarrollo del vídeo, con la opción de interactuar con el vídeo y con el propio profesor presente en la sesión. En definitiva, mediante esta metodología de prácticas innovadora se pretende la captación de la atención del alumno, su motivación, promoción del trabajo autónomo y capacidad de iniciativa facilitando de esta forma su capacidad de autoaprendizaje. Todo lo comentado, contribuye a potenciar la adaptación de los actuales estudios universitarios al Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior.The aim of this innovative teaching work is the improvement in the learning process of laboratory practical sessions of the subject ‘Applied Physics and Physical Chemistry’ of the Pharmacy degree syllabuses at the University of Granada. The laboratory practical sessions of several subjects in this Faculty have been traditionally carried out with the collaboration of ‘laboratory demonstrators’, who help to their classmates in the performance of the experiments, being always coordinated and project, we expect on one hand the figure of ‘laboratory demonstrators’ to disappear, and on the other hand to achieve that the student is more receptive and shows a higher interest in the practical sessions. Our experience proves that it is very important for the student to visualize the manipulation and methodology needed for the performance of the experiments in the laboratory. The new audiovisual Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) provide very didactic tools, which make the learning more attractive. With this purpose, we have prepared a DVD movie of each experiment planned in the practical sessions of the subject. These movies show the manipulation of the material and reagents, the use of specific instrumentation, good behaviour in the laboratory, and data acquisition and analysis, with the aim of guiding the student in the experimental work. The student will perform the experiments simultaneously to the movie projection, with the possibility of interacting with the movie itself and the senior professor present during the session. In short, we expect to enhance the motivation and own-initiative of the students, facilitating their self-learning, by means of an innovative teaching methodology that contributes to promote the adaptation to the European Space for Higher Education.El proyecto ha sido financiado por la Unidad de Innovación Docente de la Universidad de Granada (Proyecto de Innovación Docente, Código Nº 08-109

Página web orientada a la evaluación “in silico” de nuevas sustancias con interés biológico IV

Depto. de Química en Ciencias FarmacéuticasFac. de FarmaciaFALSEsubmitte

Influence of Obesity and Metabolic Disease on Carotid Atherosclerosis in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease (CordioPrev Study)

Background Recent data suggest that the presence of associated metabolic abnormalities may be important modifiers of the association of obesity with a poorer prognosis in coronary heart disease. We determined the influence of isolated overweight and obesity on carotid intima media thickness (IMT-CC), and also assessed whether this influence was determined by the presence of metabolic abnormalities. Methods 1002 participants from the CordioPrev study were studied at entry. We determined their metabolic phenotypes and performed carotid ultrasound assessment. We evaluated the influence of obesity, overweight and metabolic phenotypes on the IMT-CC. Results Metabolically sick participants (defined by the presence of two or more metabolic abnormalities) showed a greater IMT-CC than metabolically healthy individuals (p = 4 * 10−6). Overweight and normal weight patients who were metabolically healthy showed a lower IMT-CC than the metabolically abnormal groups (all p<0.05). When we evaluated only body weight (without considering metabolic phenotypes), overweight or obese patients did not differsignificantly from normal-weight patients in their IMT-CC (p = 0.077). However, obesity was a determinant of IMT-CC when compared to the composite group of normal weight and overweight patients (all not obese). Conclusions In coronary patients, a metabolically abnormal phenotype is associated with a greater IMTCC, and may be linked to a higher risk of suffering new cardiovascular events. The protection conferred in the IMT-CC by the absence of metabolic abnormality may be blunted by the presence of obesit

Treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids for COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammatory state: a multicentre cohort study (SAM-COVID-19)

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the association between tocilizumab or corticosteroids and the risk of intubation or death in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) with a hyperinflammatory state according to clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: A cohort study was performed in 60 Spanish hospitals including 778 patients with COVID-19 and clinical and laboratory data indicative of a hyperinflammatory state. Treatment was mainly with tocilizumab, an intermediate-high dose of corticosteroids (IHDC), a pulse dose of corticosteroids (PDC), combination therapy, or no treatment. Primary outcome was intubation or death; follow-up was 21 days. Propensity score-adjusted estimations using Cox regression (logistic regression if needed) were calculated. Propensity scores were used as confounders, matching variables and for the inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs). Results: In all, 88, 117, 78 and 151 patients treated with tocilizumab, IHDC, PDC, and combination therapy, respectively, were compared with 344 untreated patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 10 (11.4%), 27 (23.1%), 12 (15.4%), 40 (25.6%) and 69 (21.1%), respectively. The IPTW-based hazard ratios (odds ratio for combination therapy) for the primary endpoint were 0.32 (95%CI 0.22-0.47; p < 0.001) for tocilizumab, 0.82 (0.71-1.30; p 0.82) for IHDC, 0.61 (0.43-0.86; p 0.006) for PDC, and 1.17 (0.86-1.58; p 0.30) for combination therapy. Other applications of the propensity score provided similar results, but were not significant for PDC. Tocilizumab was also associated with lower hazard of death alone in IPTW analysis (0.07; 0.02-0.17; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Tocilizumab might be useful in COVID-19 patients with a hyperinflammatory state and should be prioritized for randomized trials in this situatio

Fotofísica de la desactivación bimolecular de carbazol e indol por derivados tropánicos

Ejemp. xerografiadoUniv. de Granada, Departamento de Química Fisica. Leída el 17 de septiembre de 199

Página web orientada a la evaluación in silico de nuevas sustancias con interés biológico (parte V)

Sección Deptal. de Farmacología y Toxicología (Veterinaria)Fac. de VeterinariaFALSEsubmitte

Desarrollo de una metodología innovadora asistida por tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC) para el aprendizaje de prácticas de química física

Código Nº 08-109Los vídeos usan música con Licencia Creative Commons. Los álbunes utilizados son "blue for a soldier" y "hello pretty woman", ambos de Persson.Elaboración de vídeos en tiempo real con demostraciones de cómo realizar las prácticas: - manipulación de reactivos y material básico de laboratorio - instrumentación específica - buen comportamiento - tratamiento de residuos - tratamiento de datos para cálculos y resultados Objetivos generales: favorecer el autoaprendizaje e introducir en la docencia una metodología de prácticas innovadoras, potenciando la adaptación al Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior.Universidad de Granada. Departamento de Química-Física. Unidad de Innovación Docente

Ratiometric Two-Photon Near-Infrared Probe to Detect DPP IV in Human Plasma, Living Cells, Human Tissues, and Whole Organisms Using Zebrafish

DPP IV, otherwise known as CD26 lymphocyte T surface antigen, is a transmembrane glycoprotein also found in circulation in the blood. It plays an important role in several processes like glucose metabolism and T-cell stimulation. Moreover, it is overexpressed in renal, colon, prostate, and thyroid human carcinoma tissues. It can also serve as a diagnostic in patients with lysosomal storage diseases. The biological and clinical importance of having readouts for the activity of this enzyme, in physiological and disease conditions, has led us to design a near-infrared (NIR) fluorimetric probe that also has the characteristics of being ratiometric and excitable by two simultaneous NIR photons. The probe consists of assembling an enzyme recognition group (Gly-Pro) (Mentlein, 1999; Klemann et al., 2016) on the two-photon (TP) fluorophore (derivative of dicyanomethylene- 4H-pyran, DCM-NH2) disturbing its NIR characteristic internal charge transfer (ICT) emission spectrum. When the dipeptide group is released by the DPP IV-specific enzymatic action, the donor−acceptor DCM-NH2 is restored, forming a system that shows high ratiometric fluorescence output. With this new probe, we have been able to detect, quickly and efficiently, the enzymatic activity of DPP IV in living cells, human tissues, and whole organisms, using zebrafish. In addition, due to the possibility of being excited by two photons, we can avoid the autofluorescence and subsequent photobleaching that the raw plasma has when it is excited by visible light, achieving detection of the activity of DPP IV in that medium without interference.FEDER/Junta de Andaluc?a- Consejer?a de Transformaci?n Econ?mica, Industria, Con- ocimiento y Universidades/Proyecto A-FQM-230-UGR20 PID2020-114256RB-I00Spanish Government FPU17/0474