1,515 research outputs found
Structural response of concrete-filled elliptical steel hollow sections under eccentric compression
The purpose of this research is to examine the behaviour of elliptical concrete-filled steel tubular stub columns under a combination of axial force and bending moment. Most of the research carried out to date involving concrete-filled steel sections has focussed on circular and rectangular tubes, with each shape exhibiting distinct behaviour. The degree of concrete confinement provided by the hollow section wall has been studied under pure compression but remains ambiguous for combined compressive and bending loads, with no current design provision for this loading combination. To explore the structural behaviour, laboratory tests were carried out using eight stub columns of two different tube wall thicknesses and applying axial compression under various eccentricities. Moment-rotation relationships were produced for each specimen to establish the influence of cross-section dimension and axis of bending on overall response. Full 3D finite element models were developed, comparing the effect of different material constitutive models, until good agreement was found. Finally, analytical interaction curves were generated assuming plastic behaviour and compared with the experimental and finite element results. Ground work provided from these tests paves the way for the development of future design guidelines on the member level
Origin of the different conductive behavior in pentavalent-ion-doped anatase and rutile TiO
The electronic properties of pentavalent-ion (Nb, Ta, and
I) doped anatase and rutile TiO are studied using spin-polarized
GGA+\emph{U} calculations. Our calculated results indicate that these two
phases of TiO exhibit different conductive behavior upon doping. For doped
anatase TiO, some up-spin-polarized Ti 3\emph{d} states lie near the
conduction band bottom and cross the Fermi level, showing an \emph{n}-type
half-metallic character. For doped rutile TiO, the Fermi level is pinned
between two up-spin-polarized Ti 3\emph{d} gap states, showing an insulating
character. These results can account well for the experimental different
electronic transport properties in Nb (Ta)-doped anatase and rutile TiO.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figure
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A ribose-functionalized NAD+ with unexpected high activity and selectivity for protein poly-ADP-ribosylation.
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent ADP-ribosylation plays important roles in physiology and pathophysiology. It has been challenging to study this key type of enzymatic post-translational modification in particular for protein poly-ADP-ribosylation (PARylation). Here we explore chemical and chemoenzymatic synthesis of NAD+ analogues with ribose functionalized by terminal alkyne and azido groups. Our results demonstrate that azido substitution at 3'-OH of nicotinamide riboside enables enzymatic synthesis of an NAD+ analogue with high efficiency and yields. Notably, the generated 3'-azido NAD+ exhibits unexpected high activity and specificity for protein PARylation catalyzed by human poly-ADP-ribose polymerase 1 (PARP1) and PARP2. And its derived poly-ADP-ribose polymers show increased resistance to human poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase-mediated degradation. These unique properties lead to enhanced labeling of protein PARylation by 3'-azido NAD+ in the cellular contexts and facilitate direct visualization and labeling of mitochondrial protein PARylation. The 3'-azido NAD+ provides an important tool for studying cellular PARylation
Experiment and numerical modelling of a demountable steel connection system for reuse
Currently, steel reuse is only a marginal practice. To facilitate deconstruction and efficient reuse of steel components, an innovative connection system was proposed. This system adopts a âBlock Shear Connector (BSC)â that allows beam length to be standardised and suitable for a wide range of different sizes of the supporting members within the same planning grid. This paper presents the experimental and numerical studies of a beam-to-beam connection using BSCs. The BSC used was made from a standard universal HE / UC section and was bolted to the beams by using partial depth end plates. The experimental results provided the shear resistance, moment-rotation, failure behaviour, demountability and reusability of the steel components. Further numerical simulation conducted investigated the effect of some key parameters (steel strength, thickness of BSC web, thickness of BSC flange, initial bolt stress) on the behaviour of the connections. The results obtained highlighted the demountability of this innovative bolted connection system and the reusability of structural components
Effect of dowel shear connector on performance of slim-floor composite shear beams
© 2020 This paper presents the numerical modelling and analysis of slim-floor composite beam systems using different shear connector arrangements. A finite element model was developed and validated through comparing the prediction with the results obtained from the experimental study. A parametric study was conducted to examine the effect of typical parameters of shear connectors, including the diameter of the concrete dowel cylinder, incorporating dowel reinforcement and concrete strength, etc. The comparison and analysis further clarified the concrete dowel, mechanism and development of shear resistance and overall load-bearing capacity. The findings based on the numerical simulation provide a deeper insight into the behaviour of this type of slim-floor composite beam system. Through both experimental and numerical studies, the structural merits of this composite beam system were highlighted
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Numerical study of steel-concrete composite cellular beam using demountable shear connectors
Steel concrete composite beams have been increasingly used in practice due to their advantages with respect to their structural features and constructability. However, in conventional composite beam systems composite action is applied via shear connectors welded at the top flange of the down-stand steel beam and embedded in the concrete slabs, making it less favourable for the beam system to be disassembled and reused. This paper presents a numerical study of a new composite beam system consisting of a cellular steel beam, metal deck flooring and demountable shear connectors. According to the experimental study, this composite beam system made the demounting, reassembly, and member reuse possible, and did not compromise the loading capacity. In the numerical study presented in the paper, a finite element model was developed and validated against the results obtained from the previous experimental study. The parametric study further examined the effects of concrete strength, shear connector arrangements and asymmetry ratios of steel beam section to the load capacity of the composite beam system. The analysis and comparison provided a deeper insight into the behaviour of this type of shear connector. Through this numerical study, the structural merits of the composite beam system using demountable shear connectors were highlighted. Finally, the mid-span plastic moment of the composite beam was predicted using the direction method provided in SCI publications and compared with the momentâdeflection relationship obtained from FE modelling
A Detailed Study on the Equal Arrival Time Surface Effect in Gamma-Ray Burst Afterglows
Due to the relativistic motion of gamma-ray burst remnant and its
deceleration in the circumburst medium, the equal arrival time surfaces at any
moment are not spherical, but should be distorted ellipsoids. This will leave
some imprints in the afterglows. In this article, we study the effect of equal
arrival time surfaces numerically under various conditions, i.e., for isotropic
fireballs, collimated jets, density jump conditions, and energy injection
events. For each condition, direct comparison between the two instances when
the effect is and is not included, is presented. For isotropic fireballs and
jets viewed on axis, the effect slightly hardens the spectra and postpones the
peak time of afterglows, but does not change the shapes of the spectra and
light curves significantly. In the cases when a density jump or an energy
injection is involved, the effect smears the variability of the afterglows
markedly.Comment: Accepted for publication in: Chin. J. Astron. Astrophys., 15 pages, 8
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Mass measurements of neutron-deficient Y, Zr, and Nb isotopes and their impact on rp and Îœp nucleosynthesis processes
© 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This manuscript is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International licence (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). For further details please see: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/Using isochronous mass spectrometry at the experimental storage ring CSRe in Lanzhou, the masses of 82Zr and 84Nb were measured for the first time with an uncertainty of âŒ10 keV, and the masses of 79Y, 81Zr, and 83Nb were re-determined with a higher precision. The latter are significantly less bound than their literature values. Our new and accurate masses remove the irregularities of the mass surface in this region of the nuclear chart. Our results do not support the predicted island of pronounced low α separation energies for neutron-deficient Mo and Tc isotopes, making the formation of ZrâNb cycle in the rp-process unlikely. The new proton separation energy of 83Nb was determined to be 490(400) keV smaller than that in the Atomic Mass Evaluation 2012. This partly removes the overproduction of the p-nucleus 84Sr relative to the neutron-deficient molybdenum isotopes in the previous Îœp-process simulations.Peer reviewe
Expansion for Excited Baryons
We derive consistency conditions which constrain the possible form of the
strong couplings of the excited baryons to the pions. The consistency
conditions follow from requiring the pion-excited baryon scattering amplitudes
to satisfy the large-N_c Witten counting rules and are analogous to consistency
conditions used by Dashen, Jenkins and Manohar and others for s-wave baryons.
The consistency conditions are explicitly solved, giving the most general
allowed form of the strong vertices for excited baryons in the large-N_c limit.
We show that the solutions to the large-N_c consistency conditions coincide
with the predictions of the nonrelativistic quark model for these states,
extending the results previously obtained for the s-wave baryons. The 1/N_c
corrections to these predictions are studied in the quark model with arbitrary
number of colors N_c.Comment: 56 pages, REVTeX; one new Appendix added containing a discussion of
the results in the language of quark operator
Hamiltonian Description of Composite Fermions: Magnetoexciton Dispersions
A microscopic Hamiltonian theory of the FQHE, developed by Shankar and myself
based on the fermionic Chern-Simons approach, has recently been quite
successful in calculating gaps in Fractional Quantum Hall states, and in
predicting approximate scaling relations between the gaps of different
fractions. I now apply this formalism towards computing magnetoexciton
dispersions (including spin-flip dispersions) in the , 2/5, and 3/7
gapped fractions, and find approximate agreement with numerical results. I also
analyse the evolution of these dispersions with increasing sample thickness,
modelled by a potential soft at high momenta. New results are obtained for
instabilities as a function of thickness for 2/5 and 3/7, and it is shown that
the spin-polarized 2/5 state, in contrast to the spin-polarized 1/3 state,
cannot be described as a simple quantum ferromagnet.Comment: 18 pages, 18 encapsulated ps figure
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