The nutritive value index as an indicator of the economic value of roughages

No Abstrac

The influence of fish meal and yellow maize on the nutritive value of Themeda triandra for Merino sheep

No Abstrac

’N narratiewe teologiese verkenning van negatiewe koronêre vatomleidingsoperasieuitkomste: ’n chirurgiese hermeneutiek

Negative outcomes of coronary bypass operations not only have an important impact on the patient and family, but also have an influence on the cardiac surgeon on many levels. Within a specific surgical context and from a tradition of faith, interwoven narratives present the possibility of an interdisciplinary conversation between medical science and theology. By following an auto-ethnographic approach, an invitation is offered to participate in sharing the surgeon’s database as a new hermeneutic text. Fellow cardiac surgeons on a national level are involved by way of a Delphi research model, providing for a collective tracing of God’s involvement in surgical outcomes. In a process of a reinterpretation of negative surgical outcomes, Henri Nouwen’s three poles of a spiritual movement can lead to spiritual transformation. Bearing physiological barriers and lifestyles in mind, as well as God’s involvement, the patient and surgeon can in a new manner reflect on possible negative outcomes following operative procedures

Influence of future air pollution mitigation strategies on total aerosol radiative forcing

We apply different aerosol and aerosol precursor emission scenarios reflecting possible future control strategies for air pollution in the ECHAM5-HAM model, and simulate the resulting effect on the Earth's radiation budget. We use two opposing future mitigation strategies for the year 2030: one in which emission reduction legislation decided in countries throughout the world are effectively implemented (current legislation; CLE 2030) and one in which all technical options for emission reductions are being implemented independent of their cost (maximum feasible reduction; MFR 2030). We consider the direct, semi-direct and indirect radiative effects of aerosols. The total anthropogenic aerosol radiative forcing defined as the difference in the top-of-the-atmosphere radiation between 2000 and pre-industrial times amounts to -2.00 W/m2. In the future this negative global annual mean aerosol radiative forcing will only slightly change (+0.02 W/m2) under the "current legislation" scenario. Regionally, the effects are much larger: e.g. over Eastern Europe radiative forcing would increase by +1.50 W/m2 because of successful aerosol reduction policies, whereas over South Asia it would decrease by -1.10 W/m2 because of further growth of emissions. A "maximum feasible reduction" of aerosols and their precursors would lead to an increase of the global annual mean aerosol radiative forcing by +1.13 W/m2. Hence, in the latter case, the present day negative anthropogenic aerosol forcing could be more than halved by 2030 because of aerosol reduction policies and climate change thereafter will be to a larger extent be controlled by greenhouse gas emissions. We combined these two opposing future mitigation strategies for a number of experiments focusing on different sectors and regions. In addition, we performed sensitivity studies to estimate the importance of future changes in oxidant concentrations and the importance of the aerosol microphysical coupling within the range of expected future changes. For changes in oxidant concentrations caused by future air pollution mitigation, we do not find a significant effect for the global annual mean radiative aerosol forcing. In the extreme case of only abating SO2 or carbonaceous emissions to a maximum feasible extent, we find deviations from additivity for the radiative forcing over anthropogenic source regions up to 10% compared to an experiment abating both at the same time

Исследование семантических распределенных параметров информационных компонент системы защиты

A real time quantitative PCR combined with propidium monoazide (PMA) treatment of samples was implemented to quantify live C. jejuni, C. coli and C. lari on broiler chicken carcasses at selected processing steps in the slaughterhouse. The samples were enumerated by culture for comparison. The Campylobacter counts determined with the PMA-qPCR and the culture method were not concordant. We conclude that the qPCR combined with PMA treatment of the samples did not fully reduce the signal from dead cells

Characterization And Modeling Of Antireflective Coatings Of Si O 2, Si3 N4, And Si Ox Ny Deposited By Electron Cyclotron Resonance Enhanced Plasma Chemical Vapor Deposition

In this work the optical transmission spectra of silicon oxide (Si O2), silicon nitrides (Si3 N4), silicon-rich oxynitrides (Si Ox Ny), and antireflective coatings (ARCs), deposited by the electron cyclotron resonance enhanced plasma chemical vapor deposition onto a silicon substrate at room temperature, are studied. Simulations carried out with the MATHEMATICA program, from 0 to 1000 nm thick coatings, showed maximum transmittance in the three basic colors at 620, 480, and 560 nm for the Si O2, Si3 N4, and Si Ox Ny ARCs, respectively. However, a highly significant transmittance over a broad spectral range from visible (VIS) to near the infrared region, with optical gain in the three basic colors above 20%, is observed only at thicknesses of 80, 70, and 60 nm, respectively, for Si O2, Si3 N4, and Si Ox Ny ARCs. Among the three evaluated films, the highest transmittance in the broad spectral band in the VIS range was observed for 60 nm thick Si3 N4 films. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy of these films reveal high structural quality and the presence of Si-O, Si-H, N-H, and Si-N bonds, independent of thickness and deposition parameters. © 2006 American Vacuum Society.242823827White, M., Lampe, D., Blaha, F., Mack, I., (1974) IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, SC-9, p. 1Furumiya, M., Ohkubo, H., Muramatsu, Y., Kurosawa, S., Okamoto, F., Fujimoto, Y., Nakashiba, Y., (2001) IEEE Trans. Electron Devices, 48, p. 2221Popov, O.A., Waldron, H., (1989) J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A, 7, p. 914Heavens, O.S., (1991) Optical Properties of Thin Solid Films, , Dover, New YorkAroutiounian, V.M., Maroutyan, K.R., Zatikyan, A.L., Touryan, K.J., (2002) Thin Solid Films, 403, p. 517Edwards, D.F., (1985) Handbook of Optical Constants of Solids, , edited by E. D.Palik (Academic, Washington, D.CGreen, M.L., Gusev, E.P., Degraeve, R., Garfunkel, E.L., (2001) J. Appl. Phys., 90, p. 2057Alayo, M.I., Pereyra, I., Scopel, W.L., Fantini, M.C.A., (2002) Thin Solid Films, 402, p. 154Tsu, D.V., Lucovsky, G., Mantini, M.J., Chao, S.S., (1987) J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A, 5, p. 1998Lucovsky, G., Richard, P.D., Tsu, D.V., Lin, S.Y., Markunas, J., (1986) J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A, 4, p. 681Joseph, E.A., Gross, C., Liu, H.Y., Laaksonen, R.T., Celii, F.G., (2001) J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A, 19, p. 2483Wu, X., Ossadnik, Ch., Eggs, Ch., Veprek, S., Phillipp, F., (2002) J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B, 20, p. 1368Diniz, J.A., Do Couto, A.L., Danilov, I., Tatsch, P.J., Swart, J.W., (1999) Proceedings of the XIV International Conference of Microelectronics and Packaging, p. 164Tsu, D.V., Lucovsky, G., Mantini, M.J., (1986) Phys. Rev. B, 33, p. 7069Denisse, C.M.M., Troost, K.Z., Oude Elferink, J.B., Habraken, F.H.P.M., Van Der Weg, W.F., (1986) J. Appl. Phys., 60, p. 253

Thin Titanium Oxide Films Obtained By Rtp And By Sputtering

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)In this paper, two methods to obtain titanium oxide (TiO2) thin films are compared. In the first method metallic titanium (Ti) is deposited by sputtering and then oxidized by rapid thermal process (RTP) in an oxygen atmosphere to form the TiO2 thin films. The second method consists in TiO2 deposition by reactive sputtering. Structural characterization of the prepared samples shows the rutile crystal structure for both films, but TiO2 thin film deposited by sputtering also presented anatase crystal structure. Capacitors were fabricated and the electrical characterization of TiO2 films realized in order to determine which method forms the best dielectric film, defined by high dielectric constant value (high-k), lower charge density (Q0/q) and flat-band voltage (VFB) around -0.9V.FAPESP; São Paulo Research FoundationFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Bunjongpru, W., Sungthong, A., Porntheeraphat, S., Rayanasukha, Y., Pankiew, A., Jeamsaksiri, W., Srisuwan, A., Nukeaw, J., Very low drift and high sensitivity of nanocrystal-TiO2 sensing membrane on pH-ISFET fabricated by CMOS compatible process (2013) Appl. Surf Sci., 267, pp. 206-211. , FebChou, J.-C., Yang, H.-Y., Chen, C.-W., Glucose biosensor of ruthenium-doped TiO2 sensing electrode by co-sputtering system (2010) Microelectron. Reliab., 50 (5), pp. 753-756. , MayBarros, A.D., (2013) Developement of TiOx and ZnO Thin Films for ISFET and SAW Devices, , PhD Thesis, School of Electrical and Compuer Engineering, University of Camp in asSouza, J.F., Moreira, M.A., Doi, I., Diniz, A.I., Tatsch, P.J., Gonçalves, J.L., Preparation and characterization of high-k aluminium nitride (A1N) thin film for sensor and integrated circuits applications (2012) Phys. Status Solidi, 9 (6), pp. 1454-1457. , JunOkuya, M., Nakade, K., Kaneko, S., Porous TiO2 thin films synthesized by a spray pyrolysis deposition (SPD) technique and their application to dye-sensitized solar cells (2002) Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells, 70, pp. 425-435Oja, I., Chemical solution deposition of thin TiO2 -anatase films for dielectric applications (2004) Materials Ins Electronics, 5, pp. 341-344Yu, J., Zhao, X., Zhao, Q., Photocatalytic activity of nanometer TiO2 thin films prepared by the sol - gel method (2001) Materials Chemistry and Physsics, 69, pp. 25-29Barros, A.D., Albertin, K.F., Miyoshi, J., Doi, I., Diniz, J.A., Thin titanium oxide films deposited by e-beam evaporation with additional rapid thermal oxidation and annealing for ISFET applications (2010) Microelectron. Eng., 87 (3), pp. 443-446. , MarLai, C.-S., Lu, T.-F., Yang, C.-M., Lin, Y.-C., Pijanowska, D.G., Jaroszewicz, B., Body effect minimization using single layer structure for pH-ISFET applications (2010) Sensors and Actuators B Chem., 143 (2), pp. 494-499. , JanHenson, W.K., Ahmed, K.Z., Vogel, E.M., Hauser, J.R., Wortman, J.J., Venables, R.D., Xu, M., Venables, D., Estimating oxide thickness of tunnel oxides down to 1.4 nm using conventional capacitance-voltage measurements on MOS capacitors (1999) IEEE Electron Device Lett., 20 (4), pp. 179-181. , AprHauser, J.R., Ahmed, K., Characterization of ultra-thin oxides using electrical C-V and I-V measurements (1998) 1998 Int. Conf. Charact. Metrol. ULSI Technol., 235 (1998), pp. 235-239Chou, J.-C., Liao, L.P., Study on pH at the point of zero charge of TiO2 pH ion-sensitive field effect transistor made by the sputtering method (2005) Thin Solid Films, 476 (1), pp. 157-161. , AprKadoshima, M., Hiratani, M., Shimamoto, Y., Torii, K., Miki, H., Rutile-type TiO2 thin film for high-k gate insulator (2003) Thin Solid Films, 424, pp. 224-228Frank, M.M., Kim, S., Brown, S.L., Bruley, J., Copel, M., Hopstaken, M., Chudzik, M., Narayanan, V., Scaling the MOSFET gate dielectric: From high-k to higher-k? (2009) Microelectron. Eng., 86 (7-9), pp. 1603-1608. , JulKim, S., Brown, S.L., Rossnagel, S.M., Bruley, J., Copel, M., Hopstaken, M.J.P., Narayanan, V., Frank, M.M., Oxygen migration in TiO2 based higher-k gate stacks (2010) J Appl. Phys., 107 (5), p. 05410

The hyperon-nucleon interaction: conventional versus effective field theory approach

Hyperon-nucleon interactions are presented that are derived either in the conventional meson-exchange picture or within leading order chiral effective field theory. The chiral potential consists of one-pseudoscalar-meson exchanges and non-derivative four-baryon contact terms. With regard to meson-exchange hyperon-nucleon models we focus on the new potential of the Juelich group, whose most salient feature is that the contributions in the scalar--isoscalar (\sigma) and vector--isovector (\rho) exchange channels are constrained by a microscopic model of correlated \pi\pi and KKbar exchange.Comment: 28 pages, 8 figures, submitted to Lecture Notes in Physic

Corrigendum to “Carbonate delta drift: A new sediment drift type” [Mar. Geol. 401 (2018) 98–111]

The authors regret the mistake in the drawing of the delta drift architecture in figure 11. The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused. [Figure presented