1,103 research outputs found
Electrical discharges in the atmosphere of Venus
Data received from Venera 11 and 12 experiments involving the electrical activity of the atmosphere of Venus show that the electrical discharges occur in the cloud layer. Their energy is roughly the same as in terrestrial lightning, but with a pulse repetition frequency of the discharges which is much greater
An Effect of Co–W Barrier Sublayer on the Functional Characteristics of Au–Ru Contact Coatings
Funding Information: Funding: This work was supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation in the frame of the state assignment FSSN-2020-0003. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.The performance characteristics (microhardness, porosity, roughness, and transient resistance) of Au–Ru coatings with and without the Co–W alloy barrier sublayer electrodeposited on the surface of contact blades of commercially produced reed switches were investigated. It was found that the barrier sublayer reduces the average roughness of the coatings without significant change in their porosity. The Au–Ru coatings without sublayer exhibited a greater variation in the transient resistance during an increase in the pressing force. The service time of reed switches with the barrier sublayer increased in both testing modes: in low-power (50 mV, 5 µA, 50 Hz) by more than 4 × 106 switching cycles, and in mean-power (12 V, 0.25 A, 50 Hz) by more than 1.8 × 106 switching cycles.publishersversionpublishe
The Stalin modernization and the material and legal statusof the ural teaching in the first half of the 1930s
The article consider the issues of social status and real working and living conditions of the Urals in the first half of the 1930s in the conditions of complete collectivization. Problem of comparing the declarative and actual situation of the village school workers is important. The authors come to the conclusion that to solve the problem of social security, to improve the material status of teachers only by administrative and command methods in the early 1930s was impossible. In the conditions of a budget deficit, the state tried to shift the costs of ensuring the material situation of teachers in rural areas to collective farms, public organizations, and consumer co-operation bodies in the cities, obliging their leaders to allocate funds, without taking into account the existing financial possibilities.В статье освещены вопросы социального статуса и реальных условий труда и быта учительства Урала в первой половине 1930-х гг. в условиях сплошной коллективизации
Dynamics of the Free Surface of a Conducting Liquid in a Near-Critical Electric Field
Near-critical behavior of the free surface of an ideally conducting liquid in
an external electric field is considered. Based on an analysis of three-wave
processes using the method of integral estimations, sufficient criteria for
hard instability of a planar surface are formulated. It is shown that the
higher-order nonlinearities do not saturate the instability, for which reason
the growth of disturbances has an explosive character.Comment: 19 page
Experimental characterization of anomalous strong scattering of mm-waves in TEXTOR plasmas with rotating islands
Anomalous scattering of high power millimetre waves from gyrotrons at 140 and 110 GHz is investigated for plasma with rotating islands at TEXTOR. The magnetic field and plasma density influence the spectral content of the scattered waves and their power levels significantly. Anomalous strong scattering occurs in two density regimes, one at low densities and one at high densities, that also depend on the magnetic field. The two regimes are separated by a quiescent regime without anomalous scattering. Investigations suggest that scattering in the high-density regime is generated at the low-field side intersection of the gyrotron beam and the island position. The transition from the quiescent regime to the high-density regime occurs when the gyrotron frequency is twice the upper hybrid frequency at this position. There is some evidence that the scattering in the low-density regime is generated near the plasma centre. Under this assumption all the observed scattering is generated when the gyrotron frequency is near or below twice the upper hybrid frequency
ДИФФЕРЕНЦИАЦИЯ ТАРИФОВ ДЛЯ ППЖТ
Предприятия промышленного железнодорожного транспорта (ППЖТ) выполняют большой объем работ, тарифы на которые утверждаются на региональном уровне. В статье рассматривается метод расчета тарифов, предусматривающий их дифференциацию в соответствии с реальными затратами на обслуживание каждого клиента. Такой подход стимулирует сокращение транспортных расходов и прошел успешную проверку на предприятиях Тамбовской и Белгородской областей. Предприятия промышленного железнодорожного транспорта (ППЖТ) выполняют большой объем работ, тарифы на которые утверждаются на региональном уровне. В статье рассматривается метод расчета тарифов, предусматривающий их дифференциацию в соответствии с реальными затратами на обслуживание каждого клиента. Такой подход стимулирует сокращение транспортных расходов и прошел успешную проверку на предприятиях Тамбовской и Белгородской областей.
Crystal growth, characterization and electronic band structure of TiSeS
Layered semimetallic van der Waals materials TiSe2 has attracted a lot of
attention because of interplay of a charge density wave (CDW) state and
superconductivity. Its sister compound TiS2, being isovalent to TiSe2 and
having the same crystal structure, shows a semiconducting behavior. The natural
rises what happens at the transition point in TiSe2-xSx, which is expected for
x close to 1. Here we report the growth and characterization of TiSeS single
crystals and the study of the electronic structure using density functional
theory (DFT) and angle-resolved photoemission (ARPES). We show that TiSeS
single crystals have the same morphology as TiSe2. Transport measurements
reveal a metallic state, no evidence of CDW was found. DFT calculations suggest
that the electronic band structure in TiSeS is similar to that of TiSe2, but
the electron and hole pockets in TiSeS are much smaller. The ARPES results are
in good agreement with the calculations.Comment: 22 pages, 9 figure
Solar neutrino detection in a large volume double-phase liquid argon experiment
Precision measurements of solar neutrinos emitted by specific nuclear
reaction chains in the Sun are of great interest for developing an improved
understanding of star formation and evolution. Given the expected neutrino
fluxes and known detection reactions, such measurements require detectors
capable of collecting neutrino-electron scattering data in exposures on the
order of 1 ktonne yr, with good energy resolution and extremely low background.
Two-phase liquid argon time projection chambers (LAr TPCs) are under
development for direct Dark Matter WIMP searches, which possess very large
sensitive mass, high scintillation light yield, good energy resolution, and
good spatial resolution in all three cartesian directions. While enabling Dark
Matter searches with sensitivity extending to the "neutrino floor" (given by
the rate of nuclear recoil events from solar neutrino coherent scattering),
such detectors could also enable precision measurements of solar neutrino
fluxes using the neutrino-electron elastic scattering events. Modeling results
are presented for the cosmogenic and radiogenic backgrounds affecting solar
neutrino detection in a 300 tonne (100 tonne fiducial) LAr TPC operating at
LNGS depth (3,800 meters of water equivalent). The results show that such a
detector could measure the CNO neutrino rate with ~15% precision, and
significantly improve the precision of the 7Be and pep neutrino rates compared
to the currently available results from the Borexino organic liquid
scintillator detector.Comment: 21 pages, 7 figures, 6 table
Search for electron antineutrino interactions with the Borexino Counting Test Facility at Gran Sasso
Electron antineutrino interactions above the inverse beta decay energy of
protons (E_\bar{\nu}_e>1.8) where looked for with the Borexino Counting Test
Facility (CTF). One candidate event survived after rejection of background,
which included muon-induced neutrons and random coincidences. An upper limit on
the solar flux, assumed having the B solar neutrino energy
spectrum, of 1.1 cm~s (90% C.L.) was set with a 7.8
ton year exposure. This upper limit corresponds to a solar neutrino
transition probability, , of 0.02 (90% C.L.).
Predictions for antineutrino detection with Borexino, including geoneutrinos,
are discussed on the basis of background measurements performed with the CTF.Comment: 10 pages, 9 figures, 5 table
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