Nazal Septum Perforasyon Tamirinde Fasya Ve Yağ Dokusu Kullanımı: Deneysel Tavşan Modeli

Purpose: The objective of this study is to present a new method in septum perforation repair. Methods: In this study, 12 New Zealand White mature rabbits were used. The rabbits are divided into two groups equally. In all rabbits, a standard perforation was operated on nasal septum by using a 4mm-diamater punch(12.983 mm2). In the experiment group, the perforations were closed by fascia and fat tissue. Any procedure was not implemented in the control group. Rabbits were sacrified 4 weeks later. Cartilaginous septums were removed for digital evaluation. Samples were photographed and perforation areas were calculated by using photograph analyze program. Mean decrease in perforation size between the groups were compared. Results: At the end of the study period the mean perforation area in study group was 1.35±0.51 mm2 and in control group was 4.81±0.49 mm2 (P<0,0009). The mean rate of decrease in perforation size was 89.58 % and 62.95 % in experiment and control group, respectively (P<0.0009). Furthermore, a total closing was determined in a sample in experiment group. Conclusion: The method explained here is applicable and effective choice in septal perforation repair.Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı septum perforasyon tamirinde yeni bir metod ortaya koymaktır.. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışmada 12 beyaz, erişkin Yeni Zelanda tavşanı kullanıldı.Tavşanlar eşit olarak iki gruba ayrıldı.Tüm tavşanlarda 4mm çaplı punch aleti(12.983 mm2) kullanılarak standart perforasyon oluşturuldu. Deney grubunda perforasyon fasya ve yağ dokusuyla kapatıldı. Kontrol grubuna herhangibir prosedür uygulanmadı. Dört hafta sonra tavşanlar sakrifiye edildi. Dijital değerlendirme için kartilaj septum çıkarıldı.Örnekler fotoğraflandı ve perforasyon alanları fotğraf analiz programı kullanılarak hesaplandı. Perforasyon alanındaki ortalama küçülme yönünden gruplar karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: Çalışma periyodunun sonunda ortalama perforasyon alanı çalışma grubunda 1.35±0.51 mm2 iken kontrol grubunda 4.81±0.49 mm2 idi(P<0,0009). Perforasyon alanındaki ortalama küçülme oranı sırasıyla çalışma ve control grubunda 89.58 % and 62.95 % olarak bulundu(P<0.0009). Ayrıca çalışma grubunda bir örnekte total kapanma saptandı. Sonuç: Burada tanımlanan metod septum perforasyon onarımında uygulanabilir ve efektif bir seçenektir

Resveratrol can prevent CCl4-induced liver injury by inhibiting Notch signaling pathway

We investigated whether Notch signaling was increased in an experimental liver fibrosis model and examined the effects of resveratrol on Notch expression. Rats were divided into four groups: the control group, injected with physiological saline; the CCl 4 group; the CCl 4 plus resveratrol group; and the resveratrol group. After treatment, immunostaining was performed to detect Notch1, Notch3, Notch4, transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta, alpha-smooth muscle actin (SMA), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and TUNEL assays were performed to evaluate apoptosis. Sirius red staining was used to detect fibrosis. Samples were also biochemically evaluated for glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), lipid peroxidation, and protein oxidation. GSH, GPx, and catalase activities were significantly decreased (p<0.001) in the CCl 4 group. Distinct collagen accumulation was detected around the central vein and portal areas, and numbers of Notch1-, Notch3-, and Notch4-positive cells were significantly increased (p<0.001) in fibrotic areas in the CCl 4 group. Increased expression of Notch proteins in fibrotic areas may support the role of Notch in mediating signaling associated with liver fibrosis through activation of hepatic stellate and progenitor cells. In contrast, resveratrol prevented liver fibrosis by decreasing lipid peroxidation and may be effective for inhibiting Notch signaling

Is Allergic Rhinitis a Factor That Affects Success of Tympanoplasty?

Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of allergic rhinitis on the success of the operation in chronic otitis surgery by using score for allergic rhinitis (SFAR). Materials and Methods: In the present study; 121 patients, who underwent type 1 tympanoplasty were examined retrospectively. SFAR of all patients were recorded. The graft success rates of 26 patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) and 95 patients with no allergic rhinitis group (NAR) were compared. Results: While the graft success rate in NAR group was 89.5%, this rate was 80.8% in the AR group. However, the difference between groups was not statistically significant (p = 0.311). Conclusion: These findings suggest that allergic rhinitis decreases the graft success rate of the pathologies occurring in eustachian tube, middle ear and mastoid although statistically significant difference wasn’t found. Prospective studies with larger patient groups are required in order to evaluate this pathology

Antioxidant biomarkers in gammarus pulex to evaluate the efficiency of electrocoagulation process in landfill leachate treatment

The discharge of landfill leachate into the environment without effective treatment poses a serious threat for the aquatic ecosystems. This present study was undertaken to evaluate whether electrocoagulation process is efficient for treatment landfill leachate (LL) or not by using antioxidant biomarkers in Gammarus pulex. Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activities and malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels in G. pulex exposed to untreated, treated, and diluted rates 1/10 and 1/20 in both LL during 24 and 96 h were tested. Physiochemical characteristics of leachate (chemical oxygen demand, electrical conductivity, pH, phosphate, turbidity, NH3, Cl-, and color) were determined pre and post treatment. All physiochemical characteristics of LL decreased after treatment process. GSH-Px and CAT activities and GSH and MDA levels were increased in untreated groups when compared to control (p < 0.05). After treatment by electrocoagulation, MDA and GSH levels and CAT activities were returned to control values. In conclusion, the abilities of LL to stimulate oxidative stress in G. pulex have been proven. The results revealed that antioxidant parameters are useful biomarkers for determining the treatment efficiency of the electrocoagulation process

RESEARCH BURDEN OF INTERSTITIAL LUNG DISEASES IN TURKEY - RBILD

Introduction: The aim of our study is to investigate the etiological distribution of ILD in Turkey by stratifying the epidemiological characteristics of ILD cases, and the direct cost of initial diagnosis of the diag-nosed patients. Material-Method: The study was conducted as a multicenter, prospective, cross-sectional, clinical observation study. Patients over the age of 18 and who accepted to participate to the study were included and evaluated as considered to be ILD. The findings of diagnosis, examination and treatment carried out by the cent-ers in accordance with routine diagnostic procedures were recorded observationally. Results: In total,1070 patients were included in this study. 567 (53%) of the patients were male and 503 (47%) were female. The most frequently diagnosed disease was IPF (30.5%). Dyspnea (75.9%) was the highest incidence among the presenting symptoms. Physical examination found bibasilar inspiratory crackles in 56.2 % and radiological findings included reticular opacities and interlobular septal thickenings in 55.9 % of the cases. It was observed that clinical and radiological findings were used most frequently (74.9%) as a diagnostic tool. While the most common treatment approaches were the use of systemic steroids and antifibrotic drugs with a rate of 30.7% and 85.6%, respectively. The total median cost from the patient's admission to diagnosis was 540 Turkish Lira. Conclusion: We believe that our findings compared with data from other countries will be useful in showing the current situation of ILD in our country to discuss this problem and making plans for a solution