印度尼西亚金融自由化试析

We study the 3-jet decays of S- and P-wave quarkonia with C =+. If observed, some of these will offer a way of seeing the 3G vertex of QCD via 1 S 0 , 3 P 0 , 3 P 2 (Q Q ) → GGG + Gq q → 3 jets. (As is well-known, cancellations reduce 3 P 1 ( Q Q )→ GGG .) We elaborate in detail the S-wave decay, as it is expected to show all the characteristic features of orthoquarkonium decays into 4 jets, 3 S 1 (Q Q ) → GGGG + GGq q → 4 jets, which we will comment upon. These quarkonium decays offer a very clear signal for QCD as a non-abelian local gauge field theory with color-charged gluons

QCD: Quantum Chromodynamic Diffraction

The first measurements of the diffractive structure function $F_2^{D(3)}$ at HERA are discussed. A factorisable interpretation in which a partonic structure is assigned to the pomeron is investigated through QCD analyses in which both the quark and gluon densities are permitted to vary freely. A method of measuring the longitudinal structure function of the pomeron without changing the $ep$ centre of mass energy is presented. The possibility that the pomeron structure may receive a large contribution from gluons, relative to quarks, at high $\beta$ is highlighted, and the experimental signatures which may support such a structure are reviewed.Comment: 8 Latex pages, 4 figures, from talks given by the authors at the Workshop on Proton, Photon and Pomeron Structure, Durham, September 199

Hypoxia exposure and B-type natriuretic peptide release from Langendorff heart of rats

AimWe studied whether available oxygen without induced mechanical stretch regulates the release of the biologically active B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) from Langendorff heart.MethodsRat hearts were isolated and perfused with a physiological Krebs-Henseleit solution at a constant hydrostatic pressure in Langendorff set-up. The basal O-2 level of perfusate (24.40.04mgL(-1)) was gradually lowered to 3.00.01mgL(-1) over 20min using N-2 gas (n=7). BNP and O-2 level were measured from coronary flow. During control perfusions (n=5), the O-2 concentration was kept at 26.6 +/- 0.3mgL(-1).ResultsA low oxygen concentration in the perfusate was associated with a significant increase in BNP release (F=40.4, P<0.001). Heart rate decreased when the oxygen concentration in the perfusate reached 9.1 +/- 0.02mgL(-1) and continued to fall in lower oxygen concentrations (F=14.8, P<0.001). There was also a significant but inverse correlation between BNP and oxygen in the coronary flow (R-2=0.27, P<0.001).ConclusionIn the spontaneously beating Langendorff rat heart, a decreasing concentration of oxygen in the ingoing perfusion increased the secretion of BNP. The effect of oxygen was independent of mechanical stretch of the heart as it occurred even when the heart rate decreased but the pressure conditions remained constant. The difference in the oxygen capacitance of blood and Krebs-Henseleit solution appears to be a major factor affecting secretion of BNP, which is correlated with the oxygen tension of myocardial cells and affected both by the oxygen concentration and capacitance of solution perfusing the heart and by the coronary flow

Politics versus Policies: Fourth Wave Feminist Critiques of Higher Education’s Response to Sexual Violence

This article uses the lens of fourth wave feminism to examine media accounts of institutional and student responses in two cases of sexual violence at institutions of higher education. Competing discourses reveal a disconnect between what institutions say they do and students’ actual experiences of the institutional handling of sexual violence cases. When policies, actions, and values are not fully aligned, institutions of higher education are unable to respond to societal and institutional injustices. Hence, recommendations for better alignment between institutional values and actions are proposed

Expression of transient receptor potential channel vanilloid (TRPV) 1–4, melastin (TRPM) 5 and 8, and ankyrin (TRPA1) in the normal and methimazole-treated mouse olfactory epithelium

Conclusion: It is suggested that TRPV1, 2, 3, and 4, TRPM5 and 8, and TRPA1 may play several roles in the olfactory epithelium (OE), contributing to olfactory chemosensation, olfactory adaptation, olfactory-trigeminal interaction, and OE fluid homeostasis. In patients with olfactory disturbance, TRPV1 and TRPM8 may be closely related to a high rate of recognition of curry and menthol odors, while TRPV2 may also play a crucial role in the regeneration of olfactory receptor neurons. Objective: Expression of TRPV1–4, TRPM5 and 8, and TRPA1 in the normal and methimazole-treated mouse OE was analyzed. Methods: The localization of TRPV1–4, TRPM5 and 8, and TRPA1 in the OE of normal and methimazole-treated CBA/J mice was investigated by immunohistochemistry. Results: Normal OE showed a positive immunofluorescent reaction to TRPV1–4, TRPM5 and 8, and TRPA1. In lamina propria, the nerve fibers displayed TRPV 1, 2, and 3, TRPM8 and TRPA1. In the pathological condition, the expression of TRPV3, TRPV4, TRPM5, and TRPA1 was markedly reduced and took a long time to recover. In contrast, expression of TRPM8 was scarcely affected, even in the pathological condition, while TRPV1 and TRPV2 showed early recovery following methimazole treatment

Measurement of (anti)deuteron and (anti)proton production in DIS at HERA

The first observation of (anti)deuterons in deep inelastic scattering at HERA has been made with the ZEUS detector at a centre-of-mass energy of 300--318 GeV using an integrated luminosity of 120 pb-1. The measurement was performed in the central rapidity region for transverse momentum per unit of mass in the range 0.3<p_T/M<0.7. The particle rates have been extracted and interpreted in terms of the coalescence model. The (anti)deuteron production yield is smaller than the (anti)proton yield by approximately three orders of magnitude, consistent with the world measurements.Comment: 26 pages, 9 figures, 5 tables, submitted to Nucl. Phys.

Observation of Scaling Violations in Scaled Momentum Distributions at HERA

Charged particle production has been measured in deep inelastic scattering (DIS) events over a large range of $x$ and $Q^2$ using the ZEUS detector. The evolution of the scaled momentum, $x_p$, with $Q^2,$ in the range 10 to 1280 $GeV^2$, has been investigated in the current fragmentation region of the Breit frame. The results show clear evidence, in a single experiment, for scaling violations in scaled momenta as a function of $Q^2$.Comment: 21 pages including 4 figures, to be published in Physics Letters B. Two references adde

Event shapes in e+e- annihilation and deep inelastic scattering

This article reviews the status of event-shape studies in e+e- annihilation and DIS. It includes discussions of perturbative calculations, of various approaches to modelling hadronisation and of comparisons to data.Comment: Invited topical review for J.Phys.G; 40 pages; revised version corrects some nomenclatur

Severe influenza cases in paediatric intensive care units in Germany during the pre-pandemic seasons 2005 to 2008

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Data on complications in children with seasonal influenza virus infection are limited. We initiated a nation-wide three-year surveillance of children who were admitted to a paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) with severe seasonal influenza.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>From October 2005 to July 2008, active surveillance was performed using an established reporting system for rare diseases (ESPED) including all paediatric hospitals in Germany. Cases to be reported were hospitalized children < 17 years of age with laboratory-confirmed influenza treated in a PICU or dying in hospital.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Twenty severe influenza-associated cases were reported from 14 PICUs during three pre-pandemic influenza seasons (2005-2008). The median age of the patients (12 males/8 females) was 7.5 years (range 0.1-15 years). None had received vaccination against influenza. In 14 (70%) patients, the infection had been caused by influenza A and in five (25%) by influenza B; in one child (5%) the influenza type was not reported. Patients spent a median of 19 (IQR 12-38) days in the hospital and a median of 11 days (IQR 6-18 days) in the PICU; 10 (50%) needed mechanical ventilation. Most frequent diagnoses were influenza-associated pneumonia (60%), bronchitis/bronchiolitis (30%), encephalitis/encephalopathy (25%), secondary bacterial pneumonia (25%), and ARDS (25%). Eleven (55%) children had chronic underlying medical conditions, including 8 (40%) with chronic pulmonary diseases. Two influenza A- associated deaths were reported: <it>i) </it>an 8-year old boy with pneumococcal encephalopathy following influenza infection died from cerebral edema, <it>ii) </it>a 14-year-old boy with asthma bronchiale, cardiac malformation and Addison's disease died from cardiac and respiratory failure. For nine (45%) patients, possibly permanent sequelae were reported (3 neurological, 3 pulmonary, 3 other sequelae).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Influenza-associated pneumonia and secondary bacterial infections are relevant complications of seasonal influenza in Germany. The incidence of severe influenza cases in PICUs was relatively low. This may be either due to the weak to moderate seasonal influenza activity during the years 2005 to 2008 or due to under-diagnosis of influenza by physicians. Fifty% of the observed severe cases might have been prevented by following the recommendations for vaccination of risk groups in Germany.</p

Non-Linear Pomeron Trajectory in Diffractive Deep Inelastic Scattering

Recent experimental data on diffractive deep inelastic scattering collected by the H1 and ZEUS Collaborations at HERA are analysed in a model with a non-linear trajectory in the pomeron flux. The $t$ dependence of the diffractive structure function $F_2^{D(4)}$ is predicted. The normalization of the pomeron flux and the (weak) $Q^2$ dependence of the pomeron structure function are revised as well.Comment: 16 pages, Latex + 3 figures, postscrip