660 research outputs found
Issues and Treatment of Female Victims of Domestic Violence
Issues and, Treatment of Female Victims of Domestic Violence It has become increasingly apparent to mental health counselors that the family, especially the nuclear family, is not at all society\u27s expected placid, tranquil refuge; rather it is a fertile ground on which violence can and does occur. Domestic violence is a widespread societal problem with consequences reaching far beyond the family. It is conduct that has devastating effects for individual victims, their children, and their communities
The Hubble Legacy Archive NICMOS Grism Data
The Hubble Legacy Archive (HLA) aims to create calibrated science data from
the Hubble Space Telescope archive and make them accessible via user-friendly
and Virtual Observatory (VO) compatible interfaces. It is a collaboration
between the Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI), the Canadian Astronomy
Data Centre (CADC) and the Space Telescope - European Coordinating Facility
(ST-ECF). Data produced by the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) instruments with
slitless spectroscopy modes are among the most difficult to extract and
exploit. As part of the HLA project, the ST-ECF aims to provide calibrated
spectra for objects observed with these HST slitless modes. In this paper, we
present the HLA NICMOS G141 grism spectra. We describe in detail the
calibration, data reduction and spectrum extraction methods used to produce the
extracted spectra. The quality of the extracted spectra and associated direct
images is demonstrated through comparison with near-IR imaging catalogues and
existing near-IR spectroscopy. The output data products and their associated
metadata are publicly available through a web form at http://hla.stecf.org and
via VO interfaces. In total, 2470 spectra of 1923 unique targets are included
in the current release.Comment: 18 pages, 21 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy &
Astrophysic
Bacillary angiomatosis in HIV-infected patients - An epidemiological and clinical study
Background: No data were available on the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of bacillary angiomatosis (BA) in Germany. Objective:To determine epidemiological and clinical data on HIV-associated BA. Methods: A chart review of all BA cases between 1990 and 1998 was performed in 23 German AIDS treatment units. Results: A total of 21 cases of BA was diagnosed. During th is period, the participating HIV centers treated about 17,000 HIV-infected patients. As a result, a BA prevalence of 1.2 cases/1,000 patients can be assumed. 19 BA were localized in the skin; in 5 cases bones and in 4 cases the liver were involved. Out of 20 patients who received antibiotic therapy, 13 had complete remission. The median time of duration up to complete remission was 32 days (9-82), During the follow-up of the 20 patients, 7 relapses were observed, Conclusion: BA is a rare HIV-associated disease with a prevalence of 1,2 cases/1,000 patients in the presented study. Copyright (C) 2000 S. Karger AG, Basel
Wavelength dependent ac-Stark shift of the 1S0 - 3P1 transition at 657 nm in Ca
We have measured the ac-Stark shift of the 4s2 1S0 - 4s4p 3P1 line in 40Ca
for perturbing laser wavelengths between 780 nm and 1064 nm with a time domain
Ramsey-Borde atom interferometer. We found a zero crossing of the shift for the
mS = 0 - mP = 0 transition and \sigma polarized perturbation at 800.8(22) nm.
The data was analyzed by a model deriving the energy shift from known
transition wavelengths and strengths. To fit our data, we adjusted the Einstein
A coefficients of the 4s3d 3D - 4s4p 3P and 4s5s 3S - 4s4p 3P fine structure
multiplets. With these we can predict vanishing ac-Stark shifts for the 1S0 m =
0 - 3P1 m = 1 transition and \sigma- light at 983(12) nm and at 735.5(20) nm
for the transition to the 3P0 level.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures, 2 table
A New Approach to the Study of Stellar Populations in Early-Type Galaxies: K-band Spectral Indices and an Application to the Fornax Cluster
New measurements of K-band spectral features are presented for eleven
early-type galaxies in the nearby Fornax galaxy cluster. Based on these
measurements, the following conclusions have been reached: (1) in galaxies with
no signatures of a young stellar component, the K-band Na I index is highly
correlated with both the optical metallicity indicator [MgFe]' and central
velocity dispersion; (2) in the same galaxies, the K-band Fe features saturate
in galaxies with sigma > 150 km/s while Na I (and [MgFe]') continues to
increase; (3) [Si/Fe] (and possibly [Na/Fe]) is larger in all observed Fornax
galaxies than in Galactic open clusters with near-solar metallicity; (4) in
various near-IR diagnostic diagrams, galaxies with signatures of a young
stellar component (strong Hbeta, weak [MgFe]') are clearly separated from
galaxies with purely old stellar populations; furthermore, this separation is
consistent with the presence of an increased number of M-giant stars (most
likely to be thermally pulsating AGB stars); (5) the near-IR diagrams discussed
here seem as efficient for detecting putatively young stellar components in
early-type galaxies as the more commonly used age/metallicity diagnostic plots
using optical indices (e.g Hbeta vs. [MgFe]').Comment: 47 pages, 16 figures, ApJ accepte
The Hubble Legacy Archive ACS Grism Data
A public release of slitless spectra, obtained with ACS/WFC and the G800L
grism, is presented. Spectra were automatically extracted in a uniform way from
153 archival fields (or "associations") distributed across the two Galactic
caps, covering all observations to 2008. The ACS G800L grism provides a
wavelength range of 0.55-1.00 \mu40 \ \AA / pixel\sim 80\ \AA32,149i_{\rm
AB}0.2-4.6$.Comment: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics; 29 pages, 16
Figures, 4 Tables in text and 3Tables in Appendi
The effect of minihaloes on cosmic reionization
One of the most debated issues in the theoretical modeling of cosmic
reionization is the impact of small-mass gravitationally-bound structures. We
carry out the first numerical investigation of the role of such sterile
`minihaloes', which serve as self-shielding screens of ionizing photons.
Minihaloes are too small to be properly resolved in current large-scale
cosmological simulations, and thus we estimate their effects using a sub-grid
model, considering two cases that bracket their effect within this framework.
In the `extreme suppression' case in which minihalo formation ceases once a
region is partially ionized, their effect on cosmic reionization is modest,
reducing the volume-averaged ionization fraction by an overall factor of less
than 15%. In the other extreme, in which minihalo formation is never
suppressed, they delay complete reionization as much as Delta z~2, in rough
agreement with the results from a previous semi-analytical study by the
authors. Thus, depending on the details of the minihalo formation process,
their effect on the overall progress of reionization can range from modest to
significant, but the minihalo photon consumption is by itself insufficient to
force an extended reionization epoch.Comment: 9 pages, 2 figures, accepted for pubblication in MNRA
Fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) alterations in squamous differentiated bladder cancer: a putative therapeutic target for a small subgroup.
Although drugable fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) alterations in squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) of various entities are well known, little is known about FGFR modifications in squamous differentiated bladder cancer. Therefore, our study evaluated FGFR1-3 alterations as a putative therapeutic target in this subgroup. We analyzed 73 squamous differentiated bladder cancers (n = 10 pT2, n = 55 pT3, n = 8 pT4) for FGFR1-3 protein expression, FGFR1-3 copy number variations, FGFR3 chromosomal rearrangements (fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)) and FGFR3 mutations (SNapShot analysis). Only single cases displayed enhanced protein expression, most frequently FGFR3 overexpression (9.4% (6/64)). FISH showed no amplifications of FGFR1, 2 or 3. Break apart events were only slightly above the cut off in 12.1% (8/66) of cases and no FGFR3-TACC3 rearrangements could be proven by qPCR. FGFR3 mutations (p.S249C) were found in 8.5% (6/71) of tumors and were significantly associated with FGFR3 protein overexpression (p < 0.001), and unfavourable clinical outcome (p = 0.001). Our findings are consistent with the results of the TCGA data set for the "squamous-like" subtype of bladder cancer (n = 85), which revealed reduced overall expression of FGFR1 and FGFR2 in tumors compared to normal tissue, while expression of FGFR3 remained high. In the TCGA "squamous-like" subtype FGFR3 mutations were found in 4.9% and correlated with high FGFR3 RNA expression. Mutations of FGFR1 and FGFR2 were less frequent (2.4% and 1.2%). Hence, our comprehensive study provides novel insights into a subgroup of squamous differentiated bladder tumors that hold clues for novel therapeutic regimens and may benefit from FGFR3-targeted therapies
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