La réalité virtuelle comme outil de lutte contre la victimisation des personnes aînées

Ce mémoire, qui a pour but d’enrichir les connaissances sur l’utilisation de la réalité virtuelle comme outil de lutte contre la victimisation des personnes aînées, a été mené dans le contexte du développement des Ateliers 360 aînés de la Fondation Jasmin Roy Sophie Desmarais. Il explore la démarche de conception du guide d’animation pour cette activité et expose une analyse de comment les personnes aînées y réagissent. Le développement du guide repose sur l’analyse de documentation variée, des recensions des écrits, d’une entrevue informelle et des consultations avec des partenaires. Il s‘inspire de la démarche de recherche-développement et est orienté par le cadre théorique de l’apprentissage socio-émotionnel (CASEL, s.d.). Le projet de recherche quant à lui consiste en une étude de cas multiples qui se penche sur les différentes unités de contenus qui composent les Ateliers 360 aînés. Cinq cas ont été formés, quatre regroupant des personnes aînées et un des experts en maltraitance. Le cadre conceptuel des facteurs influençant l’expérience utilisateur de Morville (2004) a encadré les collectes de données qui reposaient sur une analyse d’artéfacts physiques, un questionnaire sociodémographique, l’observation des activités, et la tenue de groupes de discussion focalisés. Il en ressort que les personnes aînées réagissent positivement à cette activité, qu’elles apprécient la possibilité de tester une nouvelle technologie et de faire de nouveaux apprentissages tout en étant encadrés par des animateurs compétents. Plusieurs recommandations pour rendre l’activité plus utilisable et accessible aux personnes avec des incapacités ont aussi émergé. Dans un contexte où la réalité virtuelle gagne progressivement une place en travail social, ce mémoire offre des pistes de réflexion sur les façons de bien l’y intégrer et montre que cette technologie, si elle est utilisée comme un outil complémentaire aux interventions traditionnelles peut avoir de nombreux bénéfices tant en prévention, qu’en intervention et en formation

Environmental enteric dysfunction and the fecal microbiota in malawian children

Environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) is often measured with a dual sugar absorption test and implicated as a causative factor in childhood stunting. Disturbances in the gut microbiota are hypothesized to be a mechanism by which EED is exacerbated, although this supposition lacks support. We performed 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing of fecal samples from 81 rural Malawian children with varying degrees of EED to determine which bacterial taxa were associated with EED. At the phyla level, Proteobacteria abundance is reduced with severe EED. Among bacterial genera, Megasphaera, Mitsuokella, and Sutterella were higher in EED and Succinivibrio, Klebsiella, and Clostridium_XI were lower in EED. Bacterial diversity did not vary with the extent of EED. Though EED is a condition that is typically believed to affect the proximal small bowel, and our focus was on stool, our data do suggest that there are intraluminal microbial differences that reflect, or plausibly lead to, EED

Platelets retain inducible alpha granule secretion by P‐selectin expression but exhibit mechanical dysfunction during trauma‐induced coagulopathy

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/149281/1/jth14414.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/149281/2/jth14414_am.pd

A RIPE3b1-like factor binds to a novel site in the human insulin promoter in a redox-dependent manner

AbstractIn the human insulin gene, a regulatory sequence upstream of the transcription start site at −229 to −258 (the E2 element) binds a ubiquitous factor USF. The present study led to the identification of a second factor, D0, that binds to an adjacent upstream site, the C2 element, that has previously not been described. The results demonstrate that D0 exhibits similar properties to RIPE3b1, a factor shown to be an important determinant of insulin gene β-cell-specific expression. Binding of D0 to the C2 element was abolished by the oxidising agent diamide, and the alkylating agent N-ethylmaleimide. The results indicate that expression of the insulin gene may be regulated by a redox-dependent pathway involving RIPE3b1 or a RIPE3b1-like factor

Status Report of the DPHEP Study Group: Towards a Global Effort for Sustainable Data Preservation in High Energy Physics

Data from high-energy physics (HEP) experiments are collected with significant financial and human effort and are mostly unique. An inter-experimental study group on HEP data preservation and long-term analysis was convened as a panel of the International Committee for Future Accelerators (ICFA). The group was formed by large collider-based experiments and investigated the technical and organisational aspects of HEP data preservation. An intermediate report was released in November 2009 addressing the general issues of data preservation in HEP. This paper includes and extends the intermediate report. It provides an analysis of the research case for data preservation and a detailed description of the various projects at experiment, laboratory and international levels. In addition, the paper provides a concrete proposal for an international organisation in charge of the data management and policies in high-energy physics

Observation of a Coherence Length Effect in Exclusive Rho^0 Electroproduction

Exclusive incoherent electroproduction of the rho^0(770) meson from 1H, 2H, 3He, and 14N targets has been studied by the HERMES experiment at squared four-momentum transfer Q**2>0.4 GeV**2 and positron energy loss nu from 9 to 20 GeV. The ratio of the 14N to 1H cross sections per nucleon, known as the nuclear transparency, was found to decrease with increasing coherence length of quark-antiquark fluctuations of the virtual photon. The data provide clear evidence of the interaction of the quark- antiquark fluctuations with the nuclear medium.Comment: RevTeX, 5 pages, 3 figure

Prosociality from Early Adolescence to Young Adulthood: A Longitudinal Study of Individuals with a History of Language Impairment

Background: Longitudinal research into the development of prosociality contributes vitally to understanding of individual differences in psychosocial outcomes. Most of the research to date has been concerned with prosocial behaviour in typically developing young people; much less has been directed to the course of development in individuals with developmental disorders. Aims: This study reports a longitudinal investigation of prosocial behaviour in young people with language impairment (LI), and compares trajectories of development to typically developing age-matched peers (AMPs). Methods and Procedures: Participants were followed from age 11 years to young adulthood (age 24 years). Outcomes and Results: Participants with LI perceived themselves as prosocial; their ratings – though lower than those for the AMPs - were well within the normal range and they remained consistently so from 11 to 24 years. Two different developmental trajectories were identified for the LI group, which were stable and differed only in level of prosociality. Approximately one third of participants with LI followed a moderate prosociality trajectory whilst the majority (71%) followed a prosocial trajectory. We found evidence of protective effects of prosociality for social outcomes in young adulthood. Conclusions and Implications: The findings indicate that prosociality is an area of relative strength in LI

Three Novel Downstream Promoter Elements Regulate MHC Class I Promoter Activity in Mammalian Cells

BACKGROUND: MHC CLASS I TRANSCRIPTION IS REGULATED BY TWO DISTINCT TYPES OF REGULATORY PATHWAYS: 1) tissue-specific pathways that establish constitutive levels of expression within a given tissue and 2) dynamically modulated pathways that increase or decrease expression within that tissue in response to hormonal or cytokine mediated stimuli. These sets of pathways target distinct upstream regulatory elements, have distinct basal transcription factor requirements, and utilize discrete sets of transcription start sites within an extended core promoter. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We studied regulatory elements within the MHC class I promoter by cellular transfection and in vitro transcription assays in HeLa, HeLa/CIITA, and tsBN462 of various promoter constructs. We have identified three novel MHC class I regulatory elements (GLE, DPE-L1 and DPE-L2), located downstream of the major transcription start sites, that contribute to the regulation of both constitutive and activated MHC class I expression. These elements located at the 3' end of the core promoter preferentially regulate the multiple transcription start sites clustered at the 5' end of the core promoter. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Three novel downstream elements (GLE, DPE-L1, DPE-L2), located between +1 and +32 bp, regulate both constitutive and activated MHC class I gene expression by selectively increasing usage of transcription start sites clustered at the 5' end of the core promoter upstream of +1 bp. Results indicate that the downstream elements preferentially regulate TAF1-dependent, relative to TAF1-independent, transcription

PROTOCOL: Global elder abuse: A mega‐map of systematic reviews on prevalence, consequences, risk and protective factors and interventions

This is the protocol for a Campbell systematic review. The objectives are as follows: to produce a mega‐map which identifies, maps and provides a visual interactive display, based on systematic reviews on all the main aspects of elder abuse in both the community and in institutions, such as residential and long‐term care institutions