Intergenerational Education: The significance of 'reciprocity' and 'place'

In this article, the case is made for greater clarity in the definition of intergenerational practice and intergenerational education. Theoretically, the effects of all-age reciprocity and the significance of attending to 'place' are explored. Taken together, they help point to what is distinctive about the scope and purpose of intergenerational education. The author argues that any intergenerational practice must always involve an educative element that is focused, at least in part, on the on-going reciprocal production of new relations between generations through the way challenges are purposefully responded to in some specific place

The dynamic model of enterprise revenue management

The article presents the dynamic model of enterprise revenue management. This model is based on the quadratic criterion and linear control law. The model is founded on multiple regression that links revenues with the financial performance of the enterprise. As a result, optimal management is obtained so as to provide the given enterprise revenue, namely, the values of financial indicators that ensure the planned profit of the organization are acquired

Spectroscopic view of ultrafast charge carrier dynamics in single- and bilayer transition metal dichalcogenide semiconductors

Funding: We gratefully acknowledge funding from VILLUM FONDEN through the Young Investigator Program (Grant. No. 15375) and the Centre of Excellence for Dirac Materials (Grant.No. 11744), the Danish Council for Independent Research, Natural Sciences under the Sapere Aude program (Grant Nos. DFF-9064-00057B and DFF-6108-00409). Access to the Artemis Facility was funded by STFC. I.M. acknowledges financial support by the International Max Planck Research School for Chemistry and Physics of Quantum Materials (IMPRS-CPQM). The authors also acknowledge The Royal Society and The Leverhulme Trust.The quasiparticle spectra of atomically thin semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) and their response to an ultrafast optical excitation critically depend on interactions with the underlying substrate. Here, we present a comparative time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (TR-ARPES) study of the transient electronic structure and ultrafast carrier dynamics in the single- and bilayer TMDCs MoS2 and WS2 on three different substrates: Au(111), Ag(111) and graphene/SiC. The photoexcited quasiparticle bandgaps are observed to vary over the range of 1.9-2.3 eV between our systems. The transient conduction band signals decay on a sub-100 fs timescale on the metals, signifying an efficient removal of photoinduced carriers into the bulk metallic states. On graphene, we instead observe two timescales on the order of 200 fs and 50 ps, respectively, for the conduction band decay in MoS2. These multiple timescales are explained by Auger recombination involving MoS2 and in-gap defect states. In bilayer TMDCs on metals we observe a complex redistribution of excited holes along the valence band that is substantially affected by interactions with the continuum of bulk metallic states.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

Evaluation of appendicitis risk prediction models in adults with suspected appendicitis

Background Appendicitis is the most common general surgical emergency worldwide, but its diagnosis remains challenging. The aim of this study was to determine whether existing risk prediction models can reliably identify patients presenting to hospital in the UK with acute right iliac fossa (RIF) pain who are at low risk of appendicitis. Methods A systematic search was completed to identify all existing appendicitis risk prediction models. Models were validated using UK data from an international prospective cohort study that captured consecutive patients aged 16–45 years presenting to hospital with acute RIF in March to June 2017. The main outcome was best achievable model specificity (proportion of patients who did not have appendicitis correctly classified as low risk) whilst maintaining a failure rate below 5 per cent (proportion of patients identified as low risk who actually had appendicitis). Results Some 5345 patients across 154 UK hospitals were identified, of which two‐thirds (3613 of 5345, 67·6 per cent) were women. Women were more than twice as likely to undergo surgery with removal of a histologically normal appendix (272 of 964, 28·2 per cent) than men (120 of 993, 12·1 per cent) (relative risk 2·33, 95 per cent c.i. 1·92 to 2·84; P < 0·001). Of 15 validated risk prediction models, the Adult Appendicitis Score performed best (cut‐off score 8 or less, specificity 63·1 per cent, failure rate 3·7 per cent). The Appendicitis Inflammatory Response Score performed best for men (cut‐off score 2 or less, specificity 24·7 per cent, failure rate 2·4 per cent). Conclusion Women in the UK had a disproportionate risk of admission without surgical intervention and had high rates of normal appendicectomy. Risk prediction models to support shared decision‐making by identifying adults in the UK at low risk of appendicitis were identified

Isolated high-harmonic XUV photon absorption and NIR strong-field tunnel ionization

Extreme ultraviolet (XUV) pulses with a duration of tens of femtoseconds initiate 4s(-1) or 4p(-1) photoionization of krypton, which populates highly excited satellite states through the electron correlation. The excited ions are then tunnel ionized to Kr2+ 4s(-1)4p(-1) or 4p(-2) by a strong-field near-infrared (NIR) pulse of a similar duration. The XUV pulses are produced by high harmonic generation in a gas jet and we employ a state-of-the-art time-preserving monochromator to isolate individual XUV harmonic orders. An enhancement of the Kr2+ yield as a function of harmonic photon energy and XUV-pump NIR-probe delay is observed and compared with a two-step model, which allows the population of the satellite states to be inferred. Furthermore, relative 4s and 4p satellite excitation cross-sections are predicted at the photon energies studied. This proof-of-principle experiment demonstrates that isolated harmonics can be employed to pump specific electronic states, which will be highly complementary to synchrotron, attosecond and x-ray free-electron laser studies of complex systems