USING THE MASTER’S TOOL TO DISMANTLE THE MASTER’S HOUSE: The two-ness in the construction of black English teachers’ identity in Brazil

USANDO AS FERRAMENTAS DO MESTRE PARA DESMANTELAR A CASA GRANDE: A ambivalência da educação e os docentes negros de Língua Inglesa no Brasil UTILIZAR LA HERRAMIENTA DEL MAESTRO PARA DESMONTAR LA CASA DEL MAESTRO:El dos nes en la construcción de la identidad de los profesores negros de Inglés en BrasilResumoEste trabalho tem por escopo uma reflexão crítica sobre  o sistema educacional brasileiro, pautado na supremacia branca e seus desdobramentos para a dualidade da identidade  dos professores negros de língua inglesa no Brasil. No entanto, enfatizamos neste artigo a importância de uma educação crítica que subverta as relações de poder impostas pela casa grande, que era a única detentora do direito à educação. Dessa forma, a educação crítica possibilita que professores de inglês no Brasil desmantelem a casa grande valorizando sua identidade racial e de seus alunos diante da língua inglesa como língua franca na atualidade.Palavras-chave: Casa Grande, Identidade, Professores Negros de Inglês, Educação Crítica. AbstractThis work aims to promote a critical reflection on the Brazilian educational system, based on white supremacy and its implication for the two-ness in the identity of black English teachers in Brazil. Therefore, in this essay, we emphasize the importance of a critical education that subverts the power relations imposed by the master’s house, which was the only holder of the right to education. In this way, critical education allows English teachers in Brazil to dismantle the master’s house, valuing their racial identity and that of their students in the face of English as a Lingua franca today.Palavras-chave: The master’s house, Black English teachers, Critical Education. ResumenEl presente trabajo tiene como objetivo una reflexión crítica sobre el sistema educativo brasileño, basado en la supremacía blanca y sus consecuencias para la identidad dual de los profesores negros de habla inglesa en Brasil. Sin embargo, en este artículo destacamos la importancia de una educación crítica que subvierte las relaciones de poder impuestas por la casa grande, que era la única titular del derecho a la educación. De esta manera, la educación crítica permite a los profesores de inglés en Brasil desmantelar la casa grande, valorando su identidad racial y la de sus alumnos frente al inglés como lengua franca hoy.Palabras Clave: La casa del maestro, Profesores de inglés negros, Educación crítica

PALLAQUERAS DE RINCONADA (PERÚ)

Con el fin de contribuir a la comprensión de los efectos de la minería aurífera ilegal y artesanal en las relaciones de género en la región minera de la Rinconada departamento de Puno, este articulo  demostrara una serie de experiencias e historias de mujeres indígenas en el contexto de la extracción aurífera en el territorio peruano de la Rinconada. La presente investigación es resultado de seis años de investigación acerca de la Minería Ilegal en Latino américa sobre todo en Perú, Venezuela y Colombia.  El objetivo principal de la investigación fue comprender como viven las mujeres Pallaqueras que trabajan en la minería Ilegal en la Rinconada (Perú). El documento recoge extractos de testimonios de mujeres andinas que viven y trabajan en la Región. Los resultados presentados acá incluyen los efectos de la economía minera aurífera en las familias y parejas, la práctica de la maternidad, la pérdida de autonomía de las mujeres, y episodios de abuso y distintas formas de violencia sexual contra ellas. Palabras-clave: Pallaqueras; Minería Ilegal; Rinconada; Oro

Insegurança alimentar em idosos: estudo transversal com usuários de restaurante popular

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether food insecurity is associated with the demographic, socioeconomic, lifestyle, and health conditions of the elderly. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 427 elderly (³60 years) from Campinas, São Paulo; half were users of a government-run soup kitchen and the others, their neighbors of the same sex. Food insecurity was measured by the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale. Univariate multinomial logistic regression was used for calculating the odds ratio and 95% confidence interval to measure the association between the independent variables and food insecurity. Variables with p<0.20 were included in a multinomial model, and only those with p<0.05 remained. RESULTS: Most respondents (63.2%) were males; 15.2% and 6.6% were experiencing mild and moderate/severe food insecurity, respectively. The final model, adjusted for sex and age, showed that elderly with a total family income &#8804;2 minimum salaries (OR=3.41, 95%CI=1.27-9.14), who did not have a job (OR=2.95, 95%CI=1.23-7.06), and who were obese (OR=2.01, 95%CI=1.04-3.87) were more likely to be mildly food insecure. Elderly with cancer (OR=4.13, 95%CI=1.21-14.0) and those hospitalized in the past year (OR=3.16, 95%CI=1.23-8.11) were more likely to be moderately/severely food insecure. Finally, elderly living in unfinished houses (OR=2.71; and OR=2.92) and who did not consume fruits (OR=2.95 and OR=4.11) or meats daily (OR=2.04 and OR=3.83) were more likely to be mildly and moderately/severely food insecure. CONCLUSION: Food insecure elderly are more likely to have chronic diseases, poor nutritional status, and poor socioeconomic condition. Therefore, the welfare programs should expand the number of soup kitchens and develop other strategies to assure adequate nutrition to these elderly.OBJETIVO: Investigar a associação de insegurança alimentar com as condições demográficas, socioeconômicas, de estilo de vida e saúde de idosos. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal com 427 idosos (&#8805;60 anos), residentes em Campinas, São Paulo, usuários de restaurante popular, e seus respectivos vizinhos do mesmo sexo. A insegurança alimentar foi medida utilizando a Escala Brasileira de Insegurança Alimentar. Calculou-se Odds Ratio e Intervalo de Confiança de 95%, mediante regressão logística multinomial univariada, para medir associação das variáveis independentes com insegurança alimentar; as com p<0,20 integraram modelo de regressão multinomial múltiplo, permanecendo as variáveis com p<0,05. RESULTADOS: Dos entrevistados, 63,2% eram homens; houve 15,2% de insegurança leve e 6,6% de moderada/grave. No modelo final, ajustado por sexo e idade, observou-se maior chance de insegurança leve entre idosos que tinham renda familiar total &#8804; 2 salários-mínimos (OR=3,41; IC95%=1,27-9,14), não trabalhavam fora (OR=2,95; IC95%=1,23-7,06), e eram obesos (OR=2,01; IC95%=1,04-3,87). Houve maior chance de insegurança moderada/grave entre aqueles que referiram ter tido câncer (OR=4,13; IC95%=1,21-14,0) e internação no último ano (OR=3,16; IC95%=1,23-8,11). Maior chance de insegurança leve e moderada/grave foi observada entre aqueles que residiam em moradia de alvenaria inacabada/outras (OR=2,71; e OR=2,92), e que referiram não consumir diariamente frutas (OR=2,95; e OR=4,11) e carnes (OR=2,04; e OR=3,83). CONCLUSÃO: Os idosos com insegurança alimentar apresentam maior chance de doenças crônicas, pior estado nutricional, além de piores condições socioeconômicas, motivo pelo qual se sugere a expansão do número de restaurantes populares, bem como desenvolver outras estratégias para assegurar a nutrição adequada dos idosos.67969

Multilateralism or Bilateralism: Differences between Chile and Argentina’s Incorporation Patterns into International Trade

El trabajo investiga si las estrategias adoptadas por Chile y Argentina cambiaron la sofisticación económica de sus exportaciones. Los principales hallazgos muestran que una mayor integración internacional no estuvo acompañada de cambios en la estructura del comercio exterior. Aunque Chile amplió su red bilateral, las exportaciones se mantuvieron concentradas en productos de baja complejidad económica. Por su parte, Argentina también mantuvo su perfil exportador de materias primas, pero aumentó la participación en sectores complejos debido a su participación en el Mercosur.This article investigates if the strategies adopted by Chile and Argentina have changed the economic complexity of their exports. Results show that a higher international integration has not been accompanied by changes in the foreign trade structure. Although Chile has expanded its bilateral network, exports remained concentrated in low economic complexity products. On the other hand, Argentina also maintained its commodity exporter profile, but increased its participation in complex sectors as part of the Mercosur

Assessment and classification of family risk in a school of early childhood education

Objective: To evaluate the familial risk for children of early childhood education to support educational practices and school-family integration. Method: This exploratory, descriptive quantitative. The data collection was performed in a school in a city in Minas Gerais, 2011. The subjects were 69 school families. We used a form with topics related to socioeconomic factors and clinical conditions of the members of the families concerned. The data was submitted to statistical analysis with variable frequency, enabling the establishment of priorities (risk level, sentries and factors influencing the risks). Results: The familial risk was between low and medium, the clinical criterion influence this classification. There is potential for development of chronic diseases such as hypertension, obesity, alcoholism, smoking, and psychosocial disorders. Conclusion: The classification provided to identify the need for health education in the pursuit of generating content and collective actions to raise awareness for the acquisition of healthy habits

Participação de mulheres na saúde pública: narrativas de conselheiras municipais de saúde de Belo Horizonte

This paper presents a research that aimed to understand women's participation in public health policy, trough oral history interviews with health of Belo Horizonte. The focus of the research was women’s experience of social participation facing the decision-making processes in health. As methodological strategies, besides reviewing the literature on women’s participation in struggles for health, interviews were conducted, based on the contributions of oral history. Eight health counselors were involved in the study. The interviews with the counselors were held in two specific moments. At first, we worked with unstructured interviews, favoring an open mode of storytelling. In the second moment, a new interview with each counselor was performed, producing an effect of partial return of data to the interviewees. Social participation, as narrated by the women interviewed is engendered in their life histories, revealing the singular processes of the experience of participation, but at the same time, allowing us to understand their positions on the National Health System and the municipal health council. The data expose the ambiguities and potentialities of the council as a space for mobilization for health, but also as a mode of subjectivity and citizenship building

Elaboração e avaliação de alguns aspectos da qualidade de cerveja isenta de glúten

The celiac disease is the intolerance to gluten. Its dietary treatment is not to consume foods containing this protein. Due to the limited supply of glutenfree beer, people with gluten intolerance have difficulty to consume this drink. The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate the acceptance of a gluten-free beer using sorghum malt and non-malted cereals like rice and corn. Formulations were subject to physicochemical analyses of moisture, ash, protein, reducing sugar, pH, acidity and alcohol content, and also to sensory acceptance of attributes as appearance, flavor, texture and overall acceptability, and to purchase intent. The contents of ash, protein, moisture and alcohol of the formulations ranged between 0.35-0.40%; 0.26- 0.35%, 93.3-95.1% and 4.56-4.90 ºGL, respectively. The results for the index of acceptability for the att ributes: appearance, flavor, texture and overall acceptability for the four formulations were greater than 40%. A sample of a commercial gluten free beer showed bett er acceptance in the sensory evaluation. From the results of the sensory evaluation of commercial samples, with and without gluten, and the four formulations prepared in the present work, it was found that modifications are required in the formulations and/or the preparation process, in order to obtain a better sensory acceptance for the product.Key words: gluten, beer, celiac.A doença celíaca é a intolerância ao glúten, cujo tratamento dietético consiste em não consumir alimentos que contenham essa proteína. Em função da oferta limitada de cerveja sem glúten, indivíduos com intolerância ao glúten apresentam dificuldade de consumo dessa bebida. O objetivo desse trabalho foi desenvolver e avaliar a aceitação de uma cerveja sem glúten utilizando malte de sorgo e cereais não malteados como arroz e milho. As formulações foram submetidas às análises físico-químicas de umidade, cinzas, proteínas, açúcar redutor, pH, acidez e teor alcoólico; e sensoriais de aceitação dos atributos aparência, sabor, textura e aceitação global, além da intenção de compra. Os teores de cinzas, proteínas, umidade e álcool das formulações elaboradas variaram entre 0,35-0,40%; 0,26-0,35%; 93,3-95,1% e 4,56-4,90 ºGL, respectivamente. Os resultados do índice de aceitabilidade dos atributos aparência, sabor, textura e aceitação global das quatro formulações foram superiores a 40%. A amostra de cerveja comercial sem glúten apresentou melhor aceitação na avaliação sensorial. A partir dos resultados da avaliação sensorial das amostras comerciais com e sem glúten e das quatro formulações elaboradas no presente trabalho, verificou-se que são necessárias alterações nas formulações e/ou no processo de elaboração a fim de obter um produto com melhor aceitação sensorial.Palavras-chave: glúten, cerveja, celíaco