Development of contents on the management of the medication regimen for Intent-care interactive tool

O envelhecimento e o aumento da incidência de doenças crónicas originam um cenário em que as pessoas estão mais expostas a fatores que podem comprometer a sua capacidade para gerir adequadamente o regime medicamentoso, passando a necessitar da ajuda de um cuidador. O presente estudo insere-se no projeto INTENT-CARE, o qual consiste numa ferramenta tecnológica interativa que permite aos familiares cuidadores de pessoas dependentes decidirem que informações querem conhecer e aprender. A ferramenta conta com alguns temas como transferir, posicionar, dar banho, vestir e despir, dar alimentos através de sonda nasogástrica e alimentar pessoa. Um dos conteúdos considerados relevantes e que ainda não consta na ferramenta prende-se com os cuidados a ter com o regime medicamentoso de uma pessoa dependente. Pretende-se desenvolver e validar conteúdos relativos à gestão do regime medicamentoso, com vista à sua inclusão na referida ferramenta, com a finalidade de contribuir para o empowerment dos familiares cuidadores e consequente melhoria da qualidade dos cuidados em saúde. O estudo assenta num paradigma de investigação qualitativo com um carácter exploratório. Para a validação técnica e científica dos conteúdos desenvolvidos relativos à gestão do regime medicamentoso, recorreu-se a um grupo de 7 peritos, utilizando a técnica de focus grupo. Os conteúdos desenvolvidos referem-se aos parâmetros: introdução ao tema, lista de medicação, recomendações gerais na administração terapêutica, administração oral, administração oftálmica, administração otológica, administração cutânea, administração inalatória, administração rectal e situações especiais. Os peritos foram unânimes ao considerarem que os conteúdos desenvolvidos são úteis e relevantes para melhorar a tomada de decisão e a qualidade dos cuidados de enfermagem prestados aos familiares cuidadores de pessoas dependentes no domínio da gestão do regime medicamentoso. Esta investigação vem dar um contributo à utilização das tecnologias educacionais como um recurso inovador enquanto estratégia educativa usada pelos enfermeiros com o objetivo de capacitar os familiares cuidadores que cuidam de pessoas dependentes

Perovskites Used in Fuel Cells

Fuel cells are devices for energy generation with very high theoretical efficiency. Many researches were been carried out in the last few decades in order to develop reliable fuel cells. Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) and polymeric exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) are those with more potential for commercial use. Specially for SOFC cathodes, many perovskites have been proposed as potential materials for this application. Nevertheless, other components of SOFC, such as the electrolytes, anodes and interconnects, have also been targeted with potential perovskites. More recently, the use of perovskites in PEMFC has also been proposed and studied. As many perovskite compositions can be used in SOFC components, some of the most important are discussed in this chapter and some recent works in perovskites for PEMFC are also referred. As a whole, in this chapter, the reader will find the relationship between the properties of perovskites with their compositions and the main effects of dopant agents regarding the utilization of these materials in different components of SOFC and in electrodes of PEMFC

A diplomacia Norte-Americana e as movimentações independentistas nos Açores em 1975: uma neutralidade atenta

Dissertação de Mestrado, Relações Internacionais, 3 de Dezembro de 2013, Universidade dos Açores.A ideia da independência dos Açores foi uma constante no processo autonómico sendo os impulsos independentistas mais acentuados em momentos de crise económica e associados a interesses estrangeiros que oscilaram ao longo dos tempos. No período em análise, o ano de 1975, a ligação privilegiada foi aos Estados Unidos da América, mas existiram outras. No entanto, centraremos a discussão nesta. É a partir dela que se aborda a influência das forças independentistas na instauração do regime autonómico após o 25 de abril de 1974. A correspondência trocada no triângulo Departamento de Estado norte-americano, embaixada em Lisboa e consulado dos Estados Unidos em Ponta Delgada é a principal fonte a que recorremos, através de consulta no sítio do National Archives. A administração norte-americana manteve uma relação privilegiada com os independentistas. Depois da criação da Junta Regional a atenção do consulado em Ponta Delgada volta-se para este órgão que assume as funções governativas até à tomada e posse do primeiro Governo Regional dos Açores do regime autonómico constitucional.ABSTRACT: The idea of the Independence of Azores was a constant in autonomic process and the independence impulses was being more pronounced in time of economic crisis and associated with foreign interests fluctuated over time. In this period, the year of 1975, the special connection was to the United States, but there was other toss. However, the discussion will focus on the American way, in fact is from is addresses the influence of the independence forces in the establishment of the autonomic regime post April 25, 1974. The correspondence in the triangle US State Department, embassy in Lisbon and consulate in Ponta Delgada is the main source in use, consultation on website of National Archives. The US administration has maintained a privileged relationship with the separatists. After creation of Junta Regional the attention of consulate concentrates on those who assume the function of government until taking by the first government of autonomic constitutional regime

Risk Indicators For Tooth Loss In Adult Workers.

Tooth loss continues to be a prevalent condition in Brazilian adults and elderly individuals. The aim of this cross-sectional study, conducted among workers in a wholesale grocery chain in the State of São Paulo, was to identify risk indicators for tooth loss in adults. The presence of caries and periodontal status were examined in 387 adults aged 20-64 years, according to World Health Organization criteria. Two outcomes were analyzed: loss of one or more teeth, and loss of four or more teeth. Independent variables analyzed were demographic and socioeconomic factors, clinical conditions, use of dental services, and self-perceived oral health. Poisson regression models were used for multivariate statistical analysis. Participants were missing a mean of 5.38 teeth, and 76.9% (n = 297) had lost at least one tooth; the most frequently lost teeth were permanent molars. Older age and the presence of visible dental biofilm were associated significantly with the two tooth loss outcomes (p < 0.05). Individuals who had visited the dentist 3 or more years previously showed a lower prevalence of tooth loss (prevalence ratio = 0.79; 95% confidence interval, 0.68-0.91). Those with lower household incomes were significantly more likely to have lost four or more teeth (prevalence ratio = 1.35; 95% confidence interval, 1.07-1.70). Study results indicated that age and dental biofilm were risk indicators for tooth loss, independently of socioeconomic factors. These risk indicators should be considered when planning oral health programs for adults.26390-

Dental caries and tooth loss in adults in a Brazilian southeastern state

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to analyze dental caries experience of adults living in the southeastern state of São Paulo, Brazil, according to some socio-demographic conditions of this population. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The sample consisted of 1,159 school teachers and workers (35 to 44 years old) from 29 cities of the state of São Paulo, Brazil. RESULTS: 92.3% were dentate and the DMFT index (number of decayed, missing and filled teeth) was 21.0 and the mean number of decayed teeth was 1.1, with no significant difference among adults from regions with and without fluoridation. Male subjects presented the highest mean values of "D" (decayed teeth) and "M" (missing teeth) components. The percentage of caries-free subjects was higher among white subjects, as well as the mean number of teeth present in the mouth. The mean values of the "F" component (filled teeth) &#91;9.81&#93; and present teeth &#91;19.3&#93; were higher for adults from fluoridated water regions. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, the worse condition observed was the early tooth loss in all groups. In addition, people with worse socio-demographic conditions had worse oral health conditions. It is expected that oral health programs targeted to this population could be established with the goal of improving the oral health conditions of this population and hence the maintenance of the teeth for a longer period in function

Dental caries in an elderly population in Brazil

This study evaluated dental caries according to the presence of natural teeth and sociodemographic conditions of an elderly population in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Examinations were performed according to the World Health Organization's guidelines. The sample of 1,192 elderly individuals aged 65 to 74 years was stratified according to the presence of teeth and the following variables: gender, race, age, city size and Human Development Index (HDI). The Mann Whitney and Kruskal Wallis tests were applied at a confidence level of 95% for analysis of results. In the total sample, 68.9% (n=822) were edentulous; the mean of present teeth was 3.5 and the DMFT was 30.2, being 28.5 of missing teeth. Among dentate individuals (n=370), the mean of present teeth was 11.3, the DMFT was 26.2 and the missing component accounted for 20.7 teeth. The differences observed in the evaluated conditions should be highlighted: the mean number of present teeth was higher among younger individuals (from 65 to 69 years) &#91;12.1&#93; and among those living in cities with high HDI &#91;12.9&#93;; the DMFT was lower among men &#91;24.9&#93; and non-Caucasians &#91;25.1&#93;. Based on these findings, it may be concluded that specific dental programs should be established, with emphasis on oral health promotion and dental caries control, as well as public health policies that may enhance the access to the services provided

Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Psychometric Evaluation of the Perceived Ability to Cope With Trauma Scale in Portuguese Patients With Breast Cancer

Funding: RL was supported by the 2018 Scientific Employment Stimulus from Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia, Portugal (CEECIND/04157/2018). DF, BS, and AO-M were supported by the BOUNCE project (grant agreement no. 777167), and AO-M was supported by the FAITH project (grant agreement no. 875358), both funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme.Background: The impact of a cancer diagnosis may be traumatic, depending on the psychological resources used by patients. Appropriate coping strategies are related to better adaptation to the disease, with coping flexibility, corresponding to the ability to replace ineffective coping strategies, demonstrated to be highly related with self-efficacy to handle trauma. The Perceived Ability to Cope with Trauma (PACT) scale is a self-rated questionnaire that assesses the perceived ability to cope with potentially traumatic events, providing a measure of coping flexibility. The current study aimed at examining the psychometric properties of the PACT Scale in Portuguese patients with breast cancer. Methods: The study included 172 patients recently diagnosed with early breast cancer. Participants completed a Portuguese version of the PACT scale, and instruments of self-efficacy for coping with cancer (Cancer Behavior Inventory-Brief Version-CBI-B), of quality of life (European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core-30-QLQ-C30), and of psychological distress (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-HADS) that were used as convergent and divergent measures, thus assessing construct validity. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed to test the factor structure of the Portuguese version of PACT scale and reliabilities were examined. Results: Results from the CFA confirmed the two-factor structure, consistent with the original Forward and Trauma focus subscales. The two subscales demonstrated high internal consistencies. Convergent and divergent validities were confirmed: the PACT scale was related to high self-efficacy to cope with cancer (CBI-B), to high perceived quality of life (QLQ-C30), and to low psychological distress (HADS). Discussion: Overall, the current results support and replicate the psychometric properties of the PACT scale. The scale was found to be a valid and reliable self-reported measure to assess Portuguese breast cancer patients regarding beliefs about their capabilities in managing the potentially traumatic sequelae of cancer. The PACT is a simple and brief measure of coping flexibility to trauma, with potential relevance for application in clinical and research settings.publishersversionpublishe

“med+Spitenball”: Una experiencia de aplicación del modelo de educación deportiva en tercero de Educación Primaria

En las últimas décadas, el área de Educación Física se encuentra en un lento proceso de cambios, tratando de alejarse de una metodología tradicional centrada en el “deporte espectáculo” y en el perfeccionamiento técnico a través de reproducciones mecánicas, para ello surgen una serie herramientas que ayudan a innovar y mejorar como son los modelos pedagógicos y los deportes alternativos, que tratan de generar situaciones de enseñanza-aprendizaje buscando el desarrollo íntegro del alumnado. Este estudio pretende crear y poner en práctica una unidad didáctica siguiendo el modelo de educación deportiva (med) trabajando un nuevo deporte alternativo, Spitenball. Además, analizar e interpretar la percepción del alumnado antes, durante y después de la intervención. Para ello, participaron un total de 22 alumnos (N= 12 chicas) de tercero de Educación Primaria (CEIP Marcos Frechín), con una edad media de 8,59 años. Para la toma de datos, se utilizaron unos diarios grupales de prácticas para conocer la percepción durante la intervención, además el alumnado realizó un dibujo y la descripción del mismo, antes y después de la intervención para así conocer y comparar la percepción del alumnado. Los resultados obtenidos muestran, en relación a las categorías de los dibujos y a las preguntas del diario, unos efectos positivos en la aplicación del modelo de educación deportiva, destacando así una gran afiliación en los equipos acompañada de cooperación y trabajo en equipo, además de destacar una gran cantidad de referencias positivas hacia el área de Educación Física.<br /